Alfred Schild has established conditions that Lorentz transformationsmap world-vectors $(ct,x,y,z)$ with integer coordinates onto vectors of the same kind. These transformations are called integral Lorentz transformations.

This paper contains supplements to our earlier work with a new focus on group theory. To relate the results to the familiar matrix group nomenclature, we associate Lorentz transformations with matrices in $\text{SL}(2,\mathbb{C})$. We consider the lattice of subgroups of the group originated in Schild's paper and obtain generating sets for the full group and its subgroups.

Alfred Schild established conditions where Lorentz transformations map world-vectors $\left( ct,\,x,\,y,\,z \right)$ with integer coordinates onto vectors of the same kind. The problem was dealt with in the context of tensor and spinor calculus. Due to Schild’s number-theoretic arguments, the subject is also interesting when isolated from its physical background.

Schild’s paper is not easy to understand. Therefore, we first present a streamlined version of his proof which is based on the use of null vectors. Then we present a purely algebraic proof that is somewhat shorter. Both proofs rely on the properties of Gaussian integers

In this paper we examine solutions in the Gaussian integers to the Diophantine equation $ax^{4}+by^{4}=cz^{2}$ for different choices of $a,b$ and $c$. Elliptic curve methods are used to show that these equations have a finite number of solutions or have no solution.

Several measures for the density of sets of integers have been proposed, such as the asymptotic density, the Schnirelmann density, and the Dirichlet density. There has been some work in the literature on extending some of these concepts of density to higher dimensional sets of integers. In this work, we propose an extension of the Dirichlet density for sets of Gaussian integers and investigate some of its properties.