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3 results

  • 6 - Just Desserts in the Desert

  • Brian C. Rathbun, University of Southern California
  • Book:
    Right and Wronged in International Relations
    Published online:
    29 July 2023
    Print publication:
    10 August 2023, pp 149-197

  • Summary

    German insistence on a highly subjective understanding of fair treatment in early twentieth-century world politics is often mistaken for wanton status-seeking. I disentangle status-seeking from fairness-seeking by identifying where pure status-seeking versus fairness-seeking arguments diverge: the degree to which state actors demand exclusive rights and privileges. Feeling unjustly rewarded for its great power position, Wilhelmines leaders provoked two crises over the status of Morocco. However, at first, it did not seek any special advantages for Germany. Instead Germany sought the moral high ground by forcing the convocation of an international conference to settle the question of Western countries’ rights more generally. In the second crisis, Germany once again reacted strongly to increasing French influence in Morocco without the compensation that France had offered to other countries. I supplement these case studies with two survey experiments conducted in another suspected status-seeker, contemporary Russia. Respondents respond to status as unfair rather than a threat to Russian status, prefer a more inclusive organization that admits Russia but also other countries who deserve to be included by virtue of their GDP, and even indicate a willingness to exclude Russia when (manipulated) fairness dictates.

  • Construction of syndromic surveillance using a web-based daily questionnaire for health and its application at the G8 Hokkaido Toyako Summit meeting

  • H. SUGIURA, Y. OHKUSA, M. AKAHANE, T. SUGAHARA, N. OKABE, T. IMAMURA
  • Journal:
    Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 138 / Issue 10 / October 2010
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    13 January 2010, pp. 1493-1502
    • Article
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  • We constructed a syndromic surveillance system to collect directly information on daily health conditions directly from local residents via the internet [web-based daily questionnaire for health surveillance system (WDQH SS)]. This paper considers the feasibility of the WDQH SS and its ability to detect epidemics. A verification study revealed that our system was an effective surveillance system. We then applied an improved WDQH SS as a measure against public health concerns at the G8 Hokkaido Toyako Summit meeting in 2008. While in operation at the Summit, our system reported a fever alert that was consistent with a herpangina epidemic. The highly mobile WDQH SS described in this study has three main advantages: the earlier detection of epidemics, compared to other surveillance systems; the ability to collect data even on weekends and holidays; and a rapid system set-up that can be completed within 3 days.

  • Molecular and morphological characterization of Echinococcus in cervids from North America

  • R. C. A. THOMPSON, A. C. BOXELL, B. J. RALSTON, C. C. CONSTANTINE, R. P. HOBBS, T. SHURY, M. E. OLSON
  • Journal:
    Parasitology / Volume 132 / Issue 3 / March 2006
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 November 2005, pp. 439-447

  • Many issues concerning the taxonomy of Echinococcus have been resolved in recent years with the application of molecular tools. However, the status of Echinococcus maintained in transmission cycles involving cervid intermediate hosts remains to be determined. The recent characterization of the parasite from cervids in Finland has highlighted the paucity of data available, particularly that from North America. In this study, we have characterized a large number of Echinococcus isolates from cervids from Western Canada on the basis of morphology and molecular genetic techniques. Our results support earlier studies suggesting that Echinococcus of cervid origin is phenotypically and genetically distinct to Echinococcus maintained in domestic host assemblages, and also confirms that Echinococcus of cervid origin does not constitute a genetically homogeneous group. However, our data do not support the existence of 2 distinct genotypes (strains/subspecies) with separate geographical distributions. Our data appear to support the existence of only 1 species in cervids, but additional isolates from cervids and wolves in other endemic regions should be characterized before a final decision is made on the taxonomic status of Echinococcus in cervids.