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A comparison between mitochondrial DNA and the ribosomal internal transcribed regions in prospecting for cryptic species of platyhelminth parasites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2005

R. VILAS ,
C. D. CRISCIONE  and
M. S. BLOUIN
R. VILAS
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, 3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
C. D. CRISCIONE
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, 3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
M. S. BLOUIN
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, 3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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Abstract

We examined the relative merits of mitochondrial DNA loci and ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers for their use in prospecting for cryptic species of platyhelminth parasites. Sequence divergence at ITS1 and ITS2 was compared with divergence at 2 mtDNA loci (NADH dehydrogenase-1 and cytochrome c oxidase I) between closely related species of trematodes and cestodes. Both spacers accumulated substitutions substantially more slowly than mtDNA, which clearly shows a higher level of divergence among species relative to intra-specific variation. Besides a slow rate of substitution, other caveats that may be encountered when using ITS sequences as a prospecting marker are discussed. In particular, we note recent studies that suggest the existence of substantial levels of intra-individual variation in ITS sequences of flatworms. Because it is likely that closely related species share this phenomenon, it may confound the detection of cryptic species, especially if small sample sizes are studied. Although potential limitations of mtDNA are also recognized, the higher rate of evolution and smaller effective population size of this marker increases the probability of detecting diagnostic characters between cryptic species.

Keywords

cytochrome c oxidase INADH dehydrogenase-1rDNA internal transcribed spacerplatyhelminth parasitescryptic speciesmolecular prospecting
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 131 , Issue 6 , December 2005 , pp. 839 - 846
Copyright
© 2005 Cambridge University Press

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