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Poiseuille flow in rough pipes: linear instability induced by vortex–wave interactions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2021

Philip Hall Open the ORCID record for Philip Hall [Opens in a new window]  and
Ozge Ozcakir Open the ORCID record for Ozge Ozcakir [Opens in a new window]
Philip Hall*
Affiliation:
School of Mathematics, Monash University, ClaytonVIC3800, Australia
Ozge Ozcakir
Affiliation:
School of Mathematics, Monash University, ClaytonVIC3800, Australia
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

The instability of Hagen–Poiseuille flow in a rough pipe is considered and it is shown that for arbitrarily small roughness amplitudes the flow is unstable for sufficiently large values of the Reynolds number. Various models of wall roughness are considered and, if $\epsilon$ is a typical amplitude of the roughness, it is shown that the flow is unstable when the Reynolds number $R> C {\epsilon ^{-({3}/{2})} \vert {\log \epsilon }\vert ^{-({3}/{4})}}$ where $C$ is a constant which depends on the roughness shape and is typically in the range 10–40. The roughness is assumed to vary on the same length scale as the pipe radius. In the limit of short scale roughness varying most quickly in the streamwise direction, a quite general condition for instability, $R_b > {3.16 [{b}/{h}]^{3/4}} /{(\log [{b}/{h}])^{3/8}}$, is found in terms of just the Reynolds number $R_b$ based on the friction velocity, the streamwise length scale $b$ and $h$, the height of the roughness. The instability mechanism described is closely linked to vortex–wave interaction theory and applies to both two- and three-dimensional roughness shapes and takes the form of a roll-streak-wave flow. The interaction sustaining the instability occurs in a viscous boundary layer at the pipe wall but the roll-streak flow persists throughout the pipe. The most dangerous roughness shapes are found and generic results are also given for when the roughness length scale is small compared to the pipe radius.

JFM classification

Instability: Transition to turbulence Waves/Free-surface Flows: Critical layers Instability: Parametric instability
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 913 , 25 April 2021 , A43
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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References

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