Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-fv566 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-16T18:34:16.975Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Meniscus growth during the wiping stage of intaglio (gravure) printing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 October 2016

Umut Ceyhan  and
S. J. S. Morris
Umut Ceyhan*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
S. J. S. Morris
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

During intaglio (gravure) printing, a blade wipes excess ink from the engraved plate with the object of leaving ink-filled cells defining the image to be printed. That objective is not completely attained. Capillarity draws some ink from the cell into a meniscus connecting the blade to the substrate, and the continuing motion of the engraved plate smears that ink over its surface. By examining the limit of vanishing capillary number ($Ca$, based on substrate speed), we reduce the problem of determining smear volume to one of hydrostatics. Using numerical solutions of the corresponding free-boundary problem for the Stokes equations of motion, we show that the hydrostatic theory provides an upper bound to smear volume for finite $Ca$. The theory explains why polishing to reduce the tip radius of the blade is an effective way to control smearing.

JFM classification

Interfacial Flows (free surface): Capillary flows Interfacial Flows (free surface): Contact lines Interfacial Flows (free surface): Interfacial Flows (free surface)
Type
Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 807 , 25 November 2016 , pp. 419 - 440
Check for updates
Copyright
© 2016 Cambridge University Press 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bathe, K. J. 1996 Finite Element Procedures. Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Ceyhan, U.2016 Fluid mechanics problems motivated by gravure printing of electronics. PhD thesis, University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Ceyhan, U. & Morris, S. J. S.2014 On tail formation during gravure printing of sessile drops. In 67th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics, vol. 59, no. 20. American Physical Society. http://meetings.aps.org/link/BAPS.2014.DFD.G10.1.Google Scholar
Cox, R. G. 1986 The dynamics of the spreading of liquids on a solid surface. Part 1. Viscous flow. J. Fluid Mech. 168, 169–194.Google Scholar
Eggers, J. 2005 Existence of receding and advancing contact lines. Phys. Fluids 17, 082106.Google Scholar
Gutenev, P. I., Pyatnitskii, A. M. & Klimova, N. V. 2002 Liquid entrainment from the meniscus of a liquid wedge by a moving horizontal plate. Colloid J. 65, 301–304.Google Scholar
Hoffman, R. 1975 A study of the advancing interface. I. Interface shape in liquid-gas systems. J. Colloid Sci. 50, 228–241.Google Scholar
Johnson, C. 2009 Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations by the Finite Element Method. Dover.Google Scholar
Kang, B., Lee, W. H. & Cho, K. 2013 Recent advances in organic transistor printing processes. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 5, 2302–2315.Google Scholar
Kitsomboonloha, R., Morris, S. J. S., Rong, X. & Subramanian, V. 2012 Femtoliter-scale patterning by high-speed, highly scaled inverse gravure printing. Langmuir 28, 16711–16723.Google Scholar
Kitsomboonloha, R. & Subramanian, V. 2014 Lubrication-related residue as a fundamental process scaling limit to gravure printed electronics. Langmuir 30, 3612–3624.Google Scholar
Kumar, S. 2015 Liquid transfer in printing processes: liquid bridges with moving contact lines. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 47, 67–94.Google Scholar
Nguyen, H. A. D., Shin, K.-H. & Lee, D. 2014 Effect of process parameters on fidelity of printed line width in high resolution roll-to-roll gravure printing. Japan. J. Appl. Phys. 53, 05HC04.Google Scholar
Noh, Y. Y., Zhao, N., Caironi, M. & Sirringhaus, H. 2007 Downscaling of self-aligned, all-printed polymer thin-film transistors. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2, 784–789.Google Scholar
Persson, P.-O.2004 Mesh generation for implicit geometries. PhD thesis, MIT.Google Scholar
Persson, P.-O. & Strang, G. 2004 A simple mesh generator in MATLAB. SIAM Rev. 46, 329–345.Google Scholar
Peterson, R. C., Jimack, P. K. & Kelmanson, M. A. 1999 The solution of two-dimensional free-surface problems using automatic mesh generation. Intl J. Numer. Meth. Fluids 31, 937–960.Google Scholar
Quéré, D. 1991 On the minimal velocity of forced spreading in partial wetting. CR. Acad. Sci. Paris 313, 313–318.Google Scholar
Reznik, S. N., Salalha, W., Sorek, Y., Avramov, D. & Zussman, E. 2009 Entrainment of a film on a surface from the meniscus of a liquid wedge during coating. Phys. Fluids 21, 102001.Google Scholar
Richardson, S. 1970 A ‘stick-slip’ problem related to the motion of a free jet at low Reynolds numbers. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 67, 477–489.Google Scholar
Ruschak, K. J. 1980 A method for incorporating free boundaries with surface tension in finite element fluid-flow simulators. Intl J. Numer. Meth. Engng 15, 639–648.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Secor, E. B., Lim, S., Zhang, H., Frisbie, C. D., Francis, L. F. & Hersam, M. C. 2014 Gravure printing of graphene for large-area flexible electronics. Adv. Mater. 26, 4533–4538.Google Scholar
Søndergaard, R. R., Hösel, M. & Krebs, F. C. 2013 Roll-to-roll fabrication of large area functional organic materials. J. Polym. Sci. 51, 16–34.Google Scholar
Sprittles, J. E. & Shikmurzaev, Y. D. 2012 Finite element framework for describing dynamic wetting phenomena. Intl J. Numer. Meth. Fluids 68, 1257–1298.Google Scholar
Wong, H., Fatt, I. & Radke, C. J. 1996 Deposition and thinning of the human tear film. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 184, 44–51.Google Scholar