Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T14:05:42.107Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Identifying the Enemy: Civilian Participation in Armed Conflict Emily Crawford *

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 August 2016

Ellen Policinski
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Books and Articles
Information
International Review of the Red Cross , Volume 97 , Issue 900: The evolution of warfare , December 2015 , pp. 1507 - 1511
Copyright
Copyright © icrc 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Crawford, Emily, The Treatment of Combatants and Insurgents under the Law of Armed Conflict, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2010 CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

2 See Sydney Law School, “Meet Our Expert – Dr Emily Crawford”, available at: http://sydney.edu.au/law/research/our_experts/emily_crawford.shtml (all internet references were accessed in December 2015).

3 Identifying the Enemy, p. 12.

4 Ibid ., p. 13.

5 Ibid ., p. 20.

6 Ibid ., pp. 21–22.

7 See, e.g., Slim, Hugo, Killing Civilians: Method, Madness and Morality in War, C. Hurst & Co., London, 2007 Google Scholar; Nicolette Boehland, The People's Perspectives: Civilian Involvement in Armed Conflict, Report, Center for Civilians in Conflict, Washington, DC, 2015, available at: http://civiliansinconflict.org/uploads/files/Peoples_Perspectives_WebFinal.pdf.

8 Identifying the Enemy, pp. 21–22.

9 Ibid ., pp. 27 ff.

10 Ibid ., pp. 30 ff.

11 Ibid ., pp. 31 ff.

12 Ibid ., pp. 32 ff.

13 Ibid ., pp. 35 ff.

14 US Department of Defense, Law of War Manual, Office of General Counsel, Washington, DC, 12 June 2015, available at: www.dod.mil/dodgc/images/law_war_manual15.pdf.

15 Nils Melzer, Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities under International Humanitarian Law, ICRC, Geneva, 2009.

16 Identifying the Enemy, p. 88.

17 Ibid ., p. 91.

18 Ibid ., p. 206.

19 Ibid ., p. 212, citation omitted.

20 Ibid ., pp. 212–216.

21 Ibid ., pp. 217–225.

22 Ibid ., pp. 226–227, citations omitted.

23 Ibid ., pp. 227–228.

24 Ibid ., p. 7.

25 Ibid ., p. 229.