IIntentionality constitutes an essential phenomenon of psychic life (Brentano, 1874; Husserl, 1917). Its disturbance can be expected in schizophrenia and depression.

To study how such fundamental psychic function is altered in these two diseases.

Phenomenological method allows to deepen in the structure of complex phenomena. Husserl’s analysis of “consciousness of immanent time” helps in studying how intentionality functions in schizophrenia. In depression, we appeal to own previous phenomenological researches revealing three fundamental features: a specific change in body experience; inability to act, feel, think, etc. (inhibition); and alteration, inversion, and suspension of biorhythms.

The intentional arc connects the beginning and the end of a phrase. This arc will keep tenser, the bigger is the potency of the aim of my speech and my capacity to exclude inadequate associations. In schizophrenia intentional arc expands and appear “lax associations” (Bleuler, 1911) and “overinclusion” (Cameron, 1968). Fuchs (2005) argues that also the rest of schizophrenic symptoms represent disturbances of intentionality, e. g., in paranoid ideas an inversion occurs. In depression, its three essential phenomena can be interpreted as different forms of intentionality failure: the compromise of lived body and its consequent loss of transparence lead to incapacity of projecting oneself toward action and future. “Not being able to” (inhibition) means a detention of intentionality. Closely related appears the inability to anticipate. Finally, the alteration, inversion or suspension of biorhythms is temporal and insofar implicates a disturbance of intentionality.

The main features of schizophrenia and depression represent specific forms of alteration of intentionality.

No significant relationships.

In 2005 Elizabeth Parker and fellow researchers described the first case of Hyperthymestic Syndrome, a woman going by initials AJ. Thereafter, a handful more of such cases have emerged. Older descriptions of extraordinary memory in medical literature mainly considered semantic and working memories. Jorge Luis Borges in his 1930s short story ‘Funes, his Memory’ writes about his, presumably fictitious, encounter with a man named Ireno Funes who possessed an extraordinary memory and a knack for keeping track of briefest of passing moment. Among many qualities that Funes and AJ share are their extraordinary memories, obsession for keeping track of time, and their problems with abstraction. After describing his extraordinary memory, Borges says of Funes, ‘I suspect nevertheless, that he was not very good at thinking. To think is to ignore (or forget) differences, to generalize, to abstract.’ Similarly, AJ has been described to have impaired abstraction, hypothesis formation and conceptual shifting. Moreover, both Funes and AJ see their capability as a burden rather than a gift. “My memory, sir, is like a garbage heap.” Says Funes.

A brief exploration of Jorge Luis Borges’ works in the context of autobiographical memory.

The comparisons between Borges’ description of his character’s autobiographical memory and findings of modern research techniques will be done qualitatively.

Effort is made to undersatnd Borges philosophy in context of mordern memory research.

An in depth look into Borges’ philosohies linking perception of time, coding of memory, abstration and language can inform further line of research regarding autobiographical memory.

No significant relationships.

We present a 29-year-old man with a family psychopathological history of depression and a personal history of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after sexual and psychological abuse in childhood, depressive symptoms and substance use (cannabis), who experienced delusions that made him feel threatened and in danger, with huge anxiety and insomnia for one year after a heartbreak. In addition, the patient was dysphoric, verborrheic and presented ruminative thoughts and flashbacks of abuse suffered in childhood.

To review the literature of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder with Psychotic Symptoms (PTSD-PS) and study the difference between PTSD-PS and other psychotic disorders.

Literature review of scientific articles searching in Pubmed and Medline. We considered articles in English and Spanish.

Pharmacological treatment with antipsychotics and mood stabilizer was started with remission of anxiety and insomnia and recovery of euthymia. Delusions persisted but without affective and behavioral repercussions. With psychotherapeutic work in a psychiatric Day Hospital, complete remission and proper processing of traumatic experiences were achieved. The main psychotic symptoms in PTSD are hallucinations and delusions which tend to chronicity. The content is often paranoid and persecutory in nature but not complex or bizarre like those found in schizophrenia. These symptoms are not limited to flashback episodes and the content may or may not be trauma related.

Although the studies show PTSD-PS presents characteristic symptoms, more research about is needed.

No significant relationships.

Research has shown the relationship between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (cPTSD), pointing out the overlapping nature and expression of both conditions. In order to understand their differences and similarities, we present a case of a 22-years-old patient with a history of repeated sexual trauma throughout all her adolescence, whose diagnose was changed from BPD to cPTSD after she was admitted in an acute inpatient mental health unit.

To gather the similarities between borderline personality disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder.

A narrative review of the literature through the presentation of a case. Articles were chosen based on its clinical relevance.

cPTSD merges the clinical features and symptoms of PTSD with affect dysregulation, negative self-perception, unstable relationships and somatization, also present in BPD. Furthermore, BPD is known to frequently have a traumatic etiology.

It is not always simple to draw a clear line between cPTSD and BPD conditions. However, each diagnosis may have a different impact on patient understanding and treatment.

No significant relationships.

Childhood and adolescence sexual abuse (CSA) is a risk factor for psychological trauma and a strong predictor of lifetime psychopathology, including depression, anxiety, inappropriate sexual behavior, anger, guilt, shame and other emotional and relationship problems.

Describe a clinical case of a sexually abused adolescent admitted in a psychiatric unit for young adults and to correlate sexual abuse with trauma and sexual risk behaviors.

The data was collected through clinical and family interviews. The revision was made with the search terms “trauma”, “child and adolescence sexual abuse”, “sexual risk behaviors” in scientific databases.

16 year-old girl, high-school student, living with her nuclear family, was admitted in a psychiatric hospital with feelings of sadness and anxiety since the previous month, that lead to a voluntary medicine ingestion. She has been continuously sexually abused from the age of 12 to 16 by an older man, and once by her cousin and his friends. Since than, she refers feelings of anger, sadness, dissociative symptoms and intrusive images and nightmares related to the abuses, and continues to seek attention from older men. With medication and individual and family psychotherapeutic interventions, depressive, anxiety and dissociative symptoms have improved.

Literature concludes that there’s a strong correlation between CSA, trauma and sexual risk behaviors throughout adulthood. In fact, our patient met criteria for Pos-traumatic Stress Disorder and has sexual risk behaviors that must be worked through therapy. Due to it’s complexity, treatment of the adolescent and familial system after sexual abuse is multifaceted and requires a biopsychosocial approach.

No significant relationships.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a Neurodevelopmental Disorder characterized by persistent pattern of inattention and hyperactivity / impulsivity. There is considerable difficulty in diagnosing ADHD, mainly to discriminate what could be symptoms arising from ADHD or typical age behaviors. The decision tree model is a statistical algorithm, a predictive model built with comparisons of values for a given objective that can be compared with other constant values, placing these variables in a database at hierarchical levels.

This study aims to apply the decision tree model in directing the screening of ADHD complaints to analyze which cognitive and behavioral parameters would be better associations with ADHD accurate diagnosis

We used a database of research protocol with 202 children assessed with complaints of ADHD and a control group with 185 participants. Decision tree analyzed parameters selected from the cognitive instruments, such voluntary attention, Continuous Performance Test indexes, WCST indexes, Wechsler Intelligence indexes and behavioral scales from CBCL/6-1 and TRF/6-18.

The highlighted results points to WCST index like: “Perseverative answers” and “Perseverative errors” and “learning to learn” joint to “CPT omissions” and behavioral scales as “CBCL ADHD”, and “CBCL Problems of Attention” produces accuracy of diagnosis discrimination from 84.7% to 60% in the precision of the decision tree.

The decision tree and machine learning approaches can be effective in directing the screening of typical ADHD complaints.

No significant relationships.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is complex and multifactorial, posing a major challenge of tailoring the optimal medication for each patient. Current practice for MDD treatment mainly relies on trial-and-error, with estimated 42%-53% response rates for antidepressant use.

We sought to generate an accurate predictor of response to a panel of antidepressants and optimize treatment selection using a data-driven approach analyzing combinations of clinical and demographic factors.

We analyzed the response patterns of patients to five antidepressant medications in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study and the Pharmacogenomic Research Network Antidepressant Medication Pharmacogenomic Study (PGRN-AMPS), and employed state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) tools to generate a predictive algorithm. To validate our results and confirm the algorithm’s external generalizability outside of its training groups, we assessed its capacity to predict individualized antidepressant responses on a separate validation and test sets consisting of 1,021 patients overall from both studies.

The algorithm’s ML prediction models achieved an average accuracy of 0.6416 (64.16%, SD 4.4) across the analyzed medications, and a cumulative accuracy of 0.6012 (60.12%), AUC of 0.601, sensitivity of 0.6034 (60.34%) and specificity of 0.599 (59.9%).

These findings support applying ML to accumulating data derived from large studies to achieve a much-needed improvement in the treatment of depression. By an immediate analysis of large amount of combinatorial data at the point of care, such prediction models may support doctors’ prescription decisions, potentially allowing them to tailor the right antidepressant medication sooner.

Dekel Taliaz is the founder and CEO of Taliaz and reports stock ownership in Taliaz. Amit Spinrad and Sne Darki-Morag serve as data scientists in Taliaz.

The most frequent complaints from children referred to psychiatry and psychologist are related to academic and attentional impairments, or developmental delay, which are shared by many conditions.

To develop an inventory that evaluates cognitive functions of children between 6 to 11 years old to track cognitive profiles compatible with Intellectual Disability, ADHD, and dyslexia to assist in differential diagnosis.

In study 1 (identification of the relevant constructs, operational definition, and items development), data were collected from parents of children and professionals who serve this population; articles, verification of screening instruments and identification of cognitive impairments by the DSM-5. In study 2, an analysis of judges with professionals was carried out, as well as a verification of the items’ clarity by the target population; In study 3, we looked for evidence of validity and precision indicators with a sample of 272 parents and 178 teachers of 72 children diagnosed with one of the three disorders and 207 that had no suspect of neurodevelopmental disorders.

For the parent version, the four-factor solution was the most appropriate, with the following Scales: Attention, Executive Functions, Intelligence and Oral Language. The final version for parents was composed of 60 items, with excellent internal consistency indices (coefficients> 0.90).

ROC curves expressed good sensitivity and specificity of the scales for each disorder. Future studies have to expand the sample size of children diagnosed with one of the three disorders so that new analyzes can be performed and the results can be generalizable to the population.

No significant relationships.

Corticosteroids may induce psychiatric symptoms (agitation, fear, hypomania, insomnia, irritability, labile mood, pressured speech and restlessness) with incidence rates ranging from 1,8% to 57%. We present a case of corticosteroid-induced mania and psychosis.

Non-systematic review on corticosteroid therapy induced psychiatric symptoms. Analysis and comparison of a patient’s case with the existing literature.

Case report and a non-systematic review through databases as Pubmed, UpToDate, Medscape, between 2000 and 2020.

We present a female 70 year-old patient without psychiatric background, diagnosed with Rhizomelic Pseudopolyarthritis, who started treatment with prednisone 20 mg. During the third month of treatment the patient started progressively worse behavior changes (such as destruction of the neighbor’s property), developed persecutory delusions, decreased sleep and increased energy. The patient was committed to our psychiatric ward and started on diazepam 10 mg and olanzapine 15 mg per day. Despite introduction of antipsychotics, which has evidence for mood stabilization, the patient maintained the symptoms, so it was necessary to gradually reduce corticosteroids until symptomatic control.

Psychosis (24%), hypomania and mania (35%), are the most common psychiatric reactions to corticosteroid therapy. Several studies show that even a low dosage may induce psychiatric disturbances, most frequently during the first two weeks of treatment. However, as reported in this case, symptoms may occur at any time. Thus, a multidisciplinary team, as well as training of professionals from different specialties, such as psychiatry, rheumatology and endocrinology, are needed, since these syndromes may be confused with pure psychiatric conditions and consequently delay treatment and compromise prognosis.

No significant relationships.

Nowadays the cyberspace penetrates all the spheres of our lives: work, leisure and learning activity. However, uncontrolled presence in the virtual reality can form Internet-addictive behavior. Young people seem to be in increased risk of Internet-related problems.

The research aim is to study the motivational shpere of the students with different level of Internet dependency.

The research methods are: Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS), Internet Perception Inventory, Learning Motivation Diagnostics Inventory, Test of Motivation of Success or Fear of the Failure. The sample consists of 37 students of the medical university in the age from 21 to 24 years. According to the results of the CIAS 3 groups have been marked out: Group 1 - with the highest level of Internet-related problems, Group 2 – the risk group of forming the Internet addiction, Group 3 – students who have not demonstrated proneness to Internet-addictive behavior.

The motivational sphere of the students with a low risk of Internet addiction seem to be more differenciated comparing with the one of the rest students. The motives of creative self-realization; communicative, social and learning motives have been demostrated. However, we have not found a significant differance between the groups in motivation for success. The motives of professional self-realization are equally important for all the research participants.

The obtained data can be implemented when designing Internet addiction prevention programs. We assume that including the motivational component into such programs can make them more effective.

No significant relationships.

The literature shows a high prevalence of psychopathological problems, anxiety and depression among university students because of academic expectations, uncertain future plans, staying away from their family, economic issues and peer relationships. Although these problems show high prevalence among university students, providing them a professional care is limited so most of problems remain untreated. Nowadays the students use digital technologies commonly therefore web based and computer delivered interventions may be useful for them to improve resilience and coping strategies.

The intent of the study was to review systematically the impacts of web based and computer delivered interventions regarding stress management among university students.

Several databases were searched with using key words such as university students, online interventions, web based interventions and stress management. Randomised controlled studies were reviewed.

We found 284 article with the key words. Only four of them met the including criterias. All results of reviewed articles show that web based online interventions have an impact to reduce depression, stress and anxiety level among students. According to the results students improved coping skills against stress after web based online sessions.

The findings show that web based and computed delivered interventions can be effective to improve resilience and reduce students` depression, anxiety and stress symptoms when compared non-interactive and inactive controls. In addition online interventions regarding stress management may provide us to reach out large group of university students.

No significant relationships.

The identification of the psychosis high-risk state in help-seeking patients with depressive symptoms offers the possibility of detection and intervention at the early stages of schizophrenia.

Estimating the 5-year follow-up rate of the manifestation of psychosis and levels of functioning in patients with the clinical high-risk state and depressive symptoms.

81 inpatients (average age 19.6 years) with depressive symptoms and attenuated psychosis (60 patients with APS and 21 patients with BLIPS). Average duration of inpatient treatment was 56.3 days, antidepressant therapy (mean dosage equivalent to fluoxetine 43.1 mg/day) and antipsychotic therapy (mean dosage equivalent to chlorpromazine 408.9 mg/day) were conducted. All patients were followed up after discharge at least during 5 years (average follow-up 7.1 years). Levels of functioning were assessed on the PSP scale.

The manifestation of psychosis was identified in 21.0% (17 patients) (on average in the third year of follow-up), complete symptomatic and functional remission was established in 11.1% (9 patients) (PSP 100-81), complete symptomatic and incomplete functional remission was established in 27.2% (22 patients) (PSP 80-61). Incomplete symptomatic and incomplete functional remission – in 24.7% (20 patients) (PSP 60-41) and 13.5% (11 patients) (PSP<40).

The combination of antidepressants and antipsychotics therapy in patients with the clinical high-risk state for psychosis reduced the risk of psychosis manifestation but did not significantly affect the level of outcome compared to other studies.

No significant relationships.

The birth premature babies with hypoxic-ischemic damage to the neutral system with the subsequent development of hypoxic encephalopathy (HIE). Monitoring of the mental development and neurological status of such prematurely born children is carried out taking into account the corrected age and traditional scales.

To compare indicators of psychomotor development in preterm infants (gestational age < 32 weeks) with and without hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

A prospective study was carried out in the neurological department. The study included data from infants with a gestational age of < 32 weeks of gestation. Scale score immediately after birth and at corrected ages in the first, third and sixth months of life (data analysis according to Griffiths Scales).

Data from 95 newborns were eligible for conclusion. Of these, 67 children took part in the study, 32,8% of them were diagnosed with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. In newborns with HIE gestational age at birth was less so they received parenteral nutrition for a longer time, the body weight gained during the hospital stay was less, they needed more time to switch to enteral nutrition. And only at the 3rd (80% of children) and 6th months of life, there were no statistically significant differences in psychomotor development between groups with and without hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

In this study, it was shown that in premature infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, normal indicators of psychomotor development and neurological status were restored at the corrected age only by 6 months of age.

No significant relationships.

Depression is one of common comorbid states that accompany cardiovascular diseases. Risk of co-morbidity can rise when patients have to undergo heart surgery, which is an additional stress-factor.

To specify psychological correlations between depressive manifestations in cardiac surgery patients based on the analysis of their time perspective profile.

Using the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, we examined 60 cardiac surgery inpatients (80% male, mean age 58.25±10.55). We calculated the statistical estimation of the received data based on the comparison with the norm and the correlation analysis.

The research revealed that cardiac surgery patients’ indices significantly exceeded the norm on three out of five scales – Negative-Past (t=4.405; p=.000), Positive-Past (t=3.536; p=.000), and Future (t=5.008; p=.000). We also identified essential correlations between the level of depression and the indices of Negative-Past (r=.390; p=.002) and Positive-Past (r=-.270; p=.037). We distinguished a positive correlation of the negative attitude to the past with cognitive-affective (r=.369; p=.004) and somatic (r=.338; p=.008) manifestations of depression, and a negative correlation with the level of education (r=-.292; p=.024).

The personal time perspective profile in cardiac surgery patients is unbalanced due to a high level of their negative attitude to the past with an optimal level in other time perspectives. The degree of the Negative-Past attitude correlates in the patients with a low level of education and a high risk of depression in all its manifestations. The given correlations should be taken into account when conducting preventive psychological interventions.

No significant relationships.

From the life cycle perspective, the aging is described as the strengthening of adaptive resources and the capacity for recovery or compensation for losses. These skills are grounded in the coping strategies that individuals apply in order to effectively adapt to diverse situations. Emotion-focused, passive coping strategies are considered to be maladaptive in the long term. These strategies are associated with affective disorders, being these phenomena of great impact in older adults.

Verify if there is a relationship between emotion-focused coping strategies and depressive symptoms

The sample was composed of 418 healthy older adults, aged between 60 and 89 years with an average age of 69.67 years and SD = 7.24, 63.6% of the participants are women and the remaining 36.4% are men. The Coping Stress Questionnaire was used to evaluate strategies focused on emotion (Sandín & Chorot, 2003). The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (Radloff & Teri, 1986) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms.

Depressive symptomatology showed significant associations with all emotion-focused strategies: negative self-focus (.339), open emotional expression (.279), avoidance (.202) and religion (113) with a significance level of 0.05.

Emotion-focused coping strategies are associated with depressive symptomatology. Thus, it is considered that the use of these types of strategies in times of change or challenge will not benefit adaptation in the older adult. It is necessary to develop more active coping strategies for prevention in mental health during aging.

No significant relationships.

Recently, several studies have shown both positive and negative impacts of social media on mental health. However, little is known regarding the reasons for the negative impact of social media on mental health.

To evaluate the role of social media on mental health.

We reviewed the documentary ‘The Social Dilemma’ released on Netflix in September 2020, which explored the role of social media in our life. The documentary discussed the behind the scene development of the social media world.

The central message from the documentary is that all the social media applications we use are capable of hijacking the thought process of your brain and are consciously designed by the artificial intelligence technology in a way that one spends more time on them. It collects users’ data such as topics they like, follow, search, subscribe, shop, and several others. Based on this data it feeds you the information according to your taste and next time you log in on the website, you spend more time on it. This causes positive reinforcement, the more time you spend on a particular topic, the more you will be presented which results in addictive behavior.

It is known that social media addiction is prevalent, and it affects brain like drug and alcohol addiction. This documentary provided technological insight into this type of behavior. Though social media has its pros, it has numerous cons despite being used for right intentions. Better regulatory measures are needed to prevent psychological disorders related to social media usage.

No significant relationships.

In 2018, it was implanted in a Brazilian public university, the UEPG Abraça Extension Program, which has as objectives to realize psychosocial care and accompaniment, offer psychotherapies and therapeutic groups to the university community, that is, students, professors and university staff to suicide prevention, coping with mental disorders and the problematic use of alcohol and other drugs. The Program has a multi-professional team composed of nurses, social worker, psychologists and psychiatrists, in an exclusive environment, thus guaranteeing comfort and secrecy to users.

To characterize the socio-demographic and clinical profile of users assisted by the UEPG Abraça Program and to disclose the importance of the service for the promotion of Mental Health.

Qualitative, quantitative, descriptive study, with a structured questionnaire as the research instrument. The collection took place in 2019 and the target audience were users who sought psychological care.

There were 469 admissions/visits and 35 of them continued with individual visits in 2020. The majority of users were female (58%) and had the age group between 17 and 20 years. The main mental health problems identified were anxiety, self-knowledge and university-related problems such as interpersonal conflicts and difficulties in the work process. The most attended undergraduate courses were Letters, Journalism and Dentistry.

It is noted the importance of a psychosocial care service at university level for the care and promotion of Mental Health.

No significant relationships.

Social Physique Anxiety is defined as an emotional response that reflects individuals’ concerns regarding the way their body may be observed or judged by others.

To explore the relationship between physical activity and social physique anxiety.

A literature review haw been made through pubmed database.

Social Physique Anxiety is negatively related to participation in physical activity and commitment to exercise. Studies examining the relationship between motivation and social physique anxiety have shown that external motivations, such as improving muscle tone and body attractiveness, are directly linked to social physique anxiety. In addition, social physique anxiety is negatively related to self-efficacy. Individuals who believe that they will be judged by others to be ineffective are less likely to be engaged in physical activity programs. Social Physique Anxiety has been linked to negative effects on mental health such as low self-esteem, smoking and eating disorders.

Given all the negative effects of social physique anxiety, as it is responsible for a wide range of health-related behaviors, it is important to identify physical activity-related motivational mechanisms in order to reduce the impact of social physique anxiety.

No significant relationships.

A relationship was found between the use of breast milk and infant formula milk and a decrease in the incidence and number of clinical complications caused by hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

To assess the efficacy and safety of breast milk and infant formula milk in terms of reducing of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, the level of morbidity, the severity of damage to brain structures, the time before switching to full-fledged enteral nutrition and the frequency of detecting feeding intolerance in premature infants.

Prospective observation of the development of 254 premature babies were treated up to six months of corrected age at the Department of Neurology of Early Growth in 2016-2018. The effect of breast milk and formula milk on neurological status was compared.

In comparison, breast milk and formula milk didn’t show any effect on the frequency of severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (p <0,05), the severity of brain damage(р <0,01). Breast milk showed a statistically significant effect in terms of reducing the average number before switching to full enteral nutrition (p <0,01).

Breast milk and formula milk does not affect the frequency of development of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, the severity of brain damage. Breast milk significantly reduces the frequency of feeding intolerance, accelerates the transition to enteral nutrition, reduces the duration of hospitalization in premature infants.

No significant relationships.

Academic procrastination is a specific sub-type of procrastination, assessing the tendency to delay academic tasks in connection with the preparation of courses or exams.

To determine the impact of academic procrastination on studies and academic performances and identify associated factors.

We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study in students from three different universities: a medical school, a law school and an engineering school. Socio-demographic, clinical and academic data were collected. Procrastination was assessed using the Academic Procrastination Scale. We further administered the Short Version of the impulsive behaviour scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Perfectionism scale, and the one item Self-esteem Scale.

Our sample consisted of 1019 students. The mean age was 22 ± 2.25 years, and 62% were females. About one third of study participants used tobacco or alcohol, and 10% used drugs (cannabis or others). We found a significant positive correlation between procrastination and academic failure (r=0.22 p= 0.00) and a negative correlation with academic success (r= -0.27 p=0.00). Multivariate regression analysis showed the following risk factors for academic procrastination: alcohol consumption (ORa= 1.74 [1.14; 2.67]), study field (with reference to medicine: law ORa= 1.50 [1.02; 2.19], engineering studies ORa= 2.01 [1.34; 3.02]), and impulsivity (ORa= 2.11 [1.55; 2.86]).

Academic procrastination has a negative impact on academic achievement and performance. This impact appears to differ depending on the field of study. It also seems closely related to impulsiveness and alcohol use. Our findings might contribute to find new ways of helping students to improve academic performance.

No significant relationships.