The concept of cycloid psychosis has a long tradition in European psychiatry since it was introduced by Kleist in 1926. Nevertheless, this concept is not included explicitly in modern classifications, leading to a controversial discussion about its utility in current psychiatry.

Starting from a case study, we intend to review the evolution of cycloid psychosis concept and analyze its role in modern psychiatry.

Non-systematic review of the literature and report of a case study.

Following Kleist’s work, Leonhard described the three overlapping subtypes, and later Perris developed the first operational diagnostic criteria. Since then, this entity has shown a high diagnostic stability, validity and a good predictive diagnostic and prognostic value. We report a case of a 30-year-old woman, previous heathy, without regular medication, living with her parents and 5-year-old son, until she emigrated alone to Switzerland. After 10 days abroad, she was sent back to Portugal, and after organic disease and drug misuse exclusion, she was admitted in our inward with a clinical picture of perplexity, anxiety, thinking and behavioral disturbance with persecutory and poisoning delusions, auditory hallucinations, and total insomnia. Following rapid and full recovery, she was discharged 14 days later while being medicated with Paliperidone 3 mg/day and Lorazepam 4 mg/day, which was abandoned by her 2 months later, without relapse of the symptoms.

The current lack of a satisfactory system for categorizing acute, and remittent psychoses seems to be reason enough to remain awareness of this unique diagnostic entity, which is worthy of further investigation.

No significant relationships.

First psychosis programs have been developed during the past 30 years to influence the prognosis of a first psychotic episode by early integrative biopsychosocial interventions, with a focus on the processes that contribute to relapse. In the process of recovery, Navigate program emphasis on enabling a connection to what is important to the person (work, studies, relationships, intimacy), thus strengthening resiliency and quality of life and reducing self-stigma. Medication is part of any intervention program, however, there is a lot of ambivalence amongst the young person and family about its continuation and many will stop the medication altogether. Moreover, although evidence for the benefits of antipsychotic medication in short-term treatment is well established, there is an ongoing debate in the professional medical literature about the need and benefit of routine prophylactic long-term antipsychotics after first psychotic episode. There is also a significant uncertainty concerning the proportion of patients that will maintain remission without antipsychotics.

In this lecture, we will present some of the lessons that we have learned and are still learning from our clients, together with case examples.

In our Navigate Program, we have developed strategies based on literature and experience that enables the person/family to be part of the decision-making process, which at times presents dilemmas and risks but also promotes the potential for growth and transformation.

How do we talk about the medication issue? Who can continue without medication or with very low dosage? How can we taper antipsychotic treatment?

Are we willing to take the risk?

No significant relationships.

An extensive literature regarding gender differences relevant to several aspects of schizophrenia is nowadays available. It includes some robust findings as well as some inconsistencies. The identification of gender differences and the understanding of their explanations may help to clarify the underlying etiopathogenetic mechanisms of specific aspects of the disorder.

The present study aimed at investigating gender differences on premorbid, clinical, cognitive and outcome indices, as well as their impact on recovery, in a large sample of patients with schizophrenia recruited within the multicenter study of the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses.

State-of-the-art instruments were used to assess the investigated domains. Group comparisons between male and female patients were performed on all considered indices. The associations of premorbid, clinical and cognitive indices with recovery in the two patient groups were investigated by means of multiple regressions.

Males with respect to females had a worse premorbid adjustment – limited to the academic dimension – an earlier age of onset, a higher frequency of history of substance and alcohol abuse, more severe negative symptoms (both avolition and expressive deficit), positive symptoms and impairment of social cognition. No gender difference was observed in neurocognition nor in the rates of recovery.

Although males showed some disadvantages in the clinical picture, this was not translated into a worse outcome. This finding may be related to the complex interplay of several factors acting as predictors or mediators of outcome.

No significant relationships.

Aripiprazole LAI is approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in adults. Recently, Europe and Canada approved the use of the two-injection start (TIS) regimen: two separate injections of 400 mg long-acting aripiprazole along with a single 20 mg dose of oral aripiprazole. Aripiprazole showed efficacy in the treatment of adolescents with acute schizophrenia in several controlled trials, leading to its approval for 13-17 year-old adolescents with schizophrenia by the EMA. However, the LAI formulation still remains off-label in adolescents.

To demonstrate the efficacy and safety of the TIS regimen of aripiprazole LAI formulation in a 16 year-old adolescent with schizophrenia.

We evaluated the symptoms of schizophrenia and general severity by means of the PANSS and CGI scales. The scales were administered at hospital admission, after 3 weeks, 5 weeks, and at 4-weeks follow-up.

At the admission the patient PANSS total score was 136, the CGI score of 7. Aripiprazole was started and up-titrated to 30 mg/day. After 3 weeks, the positive symptoms were significantly reduced; due to the persistence of negative symptoms, clozapine 100 mg/day was added. At week 5 the PANSS total score decreased to 81. Due to poor insight we proposed aripiprazole LAI with the two-injection start. One month later, global functioning and illness insight improved; PANSS score was 43, CGI score 2. There was no evidence of akathisia or other side effects.

Aripiprazole LAI showed good efficacy and tolerability in an adolescent with schizophrenia. The two-injection start regimen was a safe and viable option.

No significant relationships.

Conspiracy theories are popular during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conspiratorial thinking is characterised by the strong conviction that a certain situation that one sees as unjust is the result of a deliberate conspiracy of a group of people with bad intentions. Conspiratorial thinking appears to have many similarities with paranoid delusions.

To explore the nature, consequences, and social-psychological dimensions of conspiratorial thinking, and describe similarities and differences with paranoid delusions.

Critically assessing relevant literature about conspiratorial thinking and paranoid delusions.

Conspiratorial thinking meets epistemic, existential, and social needs. It provides clarity in uncertain times and connection with an in-group of like-minded people. Both conspiratorial thinking and paranoid delusions involve an unjust, persistent, and sometimes bizarre conviction. Unlike conspiracy theorists, people with a paranoid delusion are almost always the only target of the presumed conspiracy, and they usually stand alone in their conviction. Furthermore, conspiracy theories are not based as much on unusual experiences of their inner self, reality, or interpersonal contacts.

Conspirational thinking is common in uncertain circumstances. It gives grip, certainty, moral superiority and social support. Extreme conspirational thinking seems to fit current psychiatric definitions of paranoid delusions, but there are also important differences. To make a distinction with regard to conspiratorial thinking, deepening of conventional definitions of delusions is required. Instead of the strong focus on the erroneous content of delusions, more attention should be given to the underlying idiosyncratic, changed way of experiencing reality.

No significant relationships.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is considered one of the most disabling mental illnesses with significant family, social and occupational repercussions resulting in impaired quality of life (QOL).

To assess the QOL of patients with SCZ or schizoaffective disorder (SAD) and to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with its alteration.

This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, which began in December 2019, conducted with 60 subjects followed for SCZ or SAD, at the psychiatry outpatient unit of the Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax (Tunisia). General, clinical and therapeutic data were collected using a pre-established questionnaire. QOL was assessed with the «36 item Short-Form Health Survey» (SF-36).

Patients enrolled had SCZ in 78.2% and SAD in 21.8% of cases. The mean age was 47.2 years and the sex ratio M/F was 4.5. They were single in 63.7% of cases and unemployed in 61.8%. Psychiatric family history, the presence of personal somatic illnesses and tobacco use were found in 43.6%, 61.8% and 67.3% of cases, respectively. The average QOL score was 57.7, the average physical health score was 61.1, and the average mental health score was 54.3. Female sex (p=0.02), being single (p=0.039), lack of work activity (p=0.00), tobacco use (p=0.05), and presence of medical history (p=0.034) were statistically correlated with impaired QOL.

QOL in SCZ and SAD is impaired. This result encourages us to conceive of the patient in his whole life and not only from the point of view of the disease.

No significant relationships.

Background A 19-year old patient with a history of traumatic childhood events presents herself for suicidal behavior driven by complex auditory hallucinations, self-mutilating behavior, and obsessive-compulsive suicidal images that depicted the patient lying dead on the floor with both wrists cut open. Prior to hospitalization, over the past 10 months, the patient exhibited symptoms of low mood, anhedonia, and an overall decline in school performance which led to a diagnosis of MDD with psychotic symptoms, but treatment with Duloxetine 60mg and Olanzapine 10mg proved to be inefficient.

Case Presentation Upon admission the patient’s mimic and behavior did not support the described sadness, she presented a circumstantial discourse with frequent thought blockages and delusions. Associated the patient also described hypervigilance and avoidance behavior towards men, flashbacks, vivid nightmares, and obsessive-compulsive self-mutilating impulses and images.

Initially, treatment was started with Olanzapine 20mg, which was augmented two months later with Sertraline 50mg and Bromazepam 3mg. This treatment led to an incomplete resolution of the obsessive symptoms, which led to the increase of Sertraline at 100mg, but at her 1-month check-up evaluation, she presented increased suicidal ideation and daily obsessive-compulsive images.

The patient was lastly diagnosed with schizophrenia, and due to the persistence of the suicidal ideations and delusions and the obsessive-compulsive symptoms, the treatment plan was revised.

Improvement of symptoms appeared under treatment with 300mg Clozapine and 50mg Fluvoxamine. In total the patient needed 98 days of hospitalization and lasting remission of symptoms appeared only under treatment with Clozapine and Fluvoxamine.

No significant relationships.

Schizophrenia is often accompanied by functional deterioration which can impede a person‛s everyday activities. Families are an important part in providing care for their ailed member‚ but often lack resources to deal with different challenges included in such care. Mental health professionals treating such patients sometimes neglect the importance of including their families‚ or primary caretaker in the treatment plan.

We will present two cases of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia with prominently negative symptoms and the challenges met by their caretakers and mental health professionals in the treatment.

Patient history‚ psychiatric evaluation, psychiatric treatment‚ and the role of the family will be presented.

21 years old patient came with his mother after years of not meeting the expected level of functioning. He was misdiagnosed for a couple of years. His treatment was impeded by loss in the family‚ which also affected both him and his mother. Inability to include her earlier in his treatment became a challenge. Second patient has been treated for schizophrenia with dominant negative symptoms‚ inconsistently‚ for ten years. Her family became more involved in her treatment only after she presented with positive symptoms. Their involvement was important as it resulted in patient‛s better compliance.

Supporting a family member diagnosed with schizophrenia can be overwhelming for the families. Including family members in the treatment early on, can be beneficial both for the patient and the family.

No significant relationships.

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness that requires long-term treatment with antipsychotics and the intramuscular (IM) long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations may enhance treatment adherence. Some antipsychotics have been associated with enuresis, including atypical antipsychotics such as risperidone(6.2%), quetiapine(6.7%), olanzapine (9.6% ) and clozapine (20.7%) [1]. Although oral paliperidone has been related to urinary incontinence, there is only 1 report of urinary incontinence linked to monthly paliperidone palmitate [2]. [1] Harrison-Woolrych, M., Skegg, K., Ashton, J., Herbison, P., Skegg, D.C., 2011. Nocturnal enuresis in patients taking clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine and quetiapine: comparative cohort study. British Journal of Psychiatry 199, 140–144. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.110.087478 [2] Karslıoǧlu, E.H., Özalp, E., Çayköylü, A., 2016. Paliperidone Palmitate-induced Urinary Incontinence: A Case Report. Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience 14, 96–100. doi:10.9758/cpn.2016.14.1.96

To establish an association between paliperidone palmitate and enuresis.

Case report and a narrative review of the literature.

The patient was a 25-year-old healthy man when he was diagnosed with schizophrenia. Doctors prescribed paliperidone palmitate (LAI) 200mg monthly and he started to complain of enuresis. He was clearly suffering with this unpleasant and embarrassing adverse effect so the LAI was reduced to 150mg. Enuresis remained, so it was prescribed oxybutynin 20 mg/day and the patient improved.

We reported a case in which enuresis is likely to be associated with high-dose paliperidone LAI (with no clinical evidence of an organic cause). To treat it, the most effective strategy was oxybutynin 20 mg/day. This case is also important to show the impact of this symptom, which is not actively investigated.

No significant relationships.

Life expectancy of people with schizophrenia is reduced by 10-20 years compared to the general population. The excess mortality is part due to an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease, prediabetes and obesity, which are in part due to antipsychotic treatment. Gaining weight is associated with reduced quality of life and also among the most frequently reported reasons for the discontinuation of treatment. Lifestyle changes have a time limited effect, and therefore, interest has focused on Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 receptor agonist treatment. Semaglutide, currently used to treat type 2-diabetes in doses up to 1.0 mg once-weekly, has shown promising results regarding weight loss in doses up to 2.4 mg once-weekly. It may also be able to reduce the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

The HISTORI Trial aims to reduce risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease in people with schizophrenia, prediabetes and overweight and to investigate for an indirect effect of Semaglutide on psychotic symptoms and quality of life through a weight loss.

A 30 weeks randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study with once-weekly injections of Semaglutide 1.0 mg. Primary inclusion criteria are age 18-40 years, schizophrenia, prediabetes, overweight and treatment with antipsychotics. Questionnaires and interviews regarding psychotic symptoms, quality of life, medication adherence and physical activity will be applied either monthly or every third month.

will not be ready for the congress. A poster outlining the feasibility challenges will be presented.

Perspective: Through weight loss, Semaglutide may indirectly be able to improve quality of life, medication adherence and psychotic symptoms.

No significant relationships.

Co-morbid psychiatric disorders are common in Down syndrome (DS). Evidence is limited for pharmacotherapy, specifically antipsychotics, for psychiatric co-morbidity in DS.

To describe a case of a patient with DS who developed a first-episode psychosis (FEP) and who responded to lurasidone in monotherapy and to review recent literature on the treatment of psychosis in patients with DS.

(1) Case report: FEP in DS patient treated with lurasidone 37 mg/day. (2) Narrative review on the treatment of psychosis in DS patients through PubMed database (1990-2020). Key terms: “psychosis”, “Down Syndrome”, “pharmacological treatment”, “antipsychotic drugs”.

A 21-year-old woman with DS, without psychiatric history, presenting with behavioural anomalies, aggressiveness, soliloquies, and unmotivated laughs was referred to our outpatient clinic by her general practitioner. Symptoms began one year prior and progressively worsened, impairing her daily functionality. Previous blood workup was normal. She was diagnosed with FEP and began treatment with lurasidone 37 mg. At 4-week follow-up, she showed total remission of the psychotic symptoms, had no tolerability complaints, and returned to baseline functionality levels. Discussion: No reports of lurasidone use in psychosis in DS have been published. To treat psychotic symptoms in DS, most literature reports describe the use of typical antipsychotics, which are usually effective, but often poorly tolerated; atypical antipsychotics such as risperidone and aripiprazole have also been used.

Lurasidone may be a useful option in patients with FEP in DS. Further research is warranted on treatment of psychosis in this population.

No significant relationships.

Schizophrenia is socially significant mental disorder characterized by early onset and high time and financial expenditure on treatment. Antipsychotics (APs) are highly effective against positive and negative symptoms, but at same time have a wide range of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). APs efficiency and safety are variable and depend on characteristics of genetically determined mechanisms (transportation, biotransformation, and elimination).

Investigation role of pharmacogenetic testing (PhGT) on example of clinical case of severe ADRs in 47-year-old woman with schizophrenia.

Patient’s medical history analysis; clinical observation; biochemical serum analysis; therapeutic drug monitoring; PhGT.

The clinical case of a woman with schizophrenia who has been noted to be unresponsive to APs for some years after schizophrenia onset. She was found to be homozygous for nonfunctional SNVs CYP2D6*4 and CYP2C9*2, heterozygous for CYP1A1*2A, which was reason for complete shutdown of isoenzymes 2D6, 2C9 and 1A1 activity and development of ADRs in use of initial doses of several APs, as well as for an increase in severity of ADRs with schizophrenia positive symptoms aggravation with an even slower titration of APs daily dose not only with polytherapy, but also with monotherapy. So, not recommented APs for patient: aripiprazole, haloperidol, zuclopenthixol, cariprazine, quetiapine, paliperidone, risperidone, thioridazine, sertindole, asenapine, alimemazine, chlorpromazine, etc. (CYP2D6); haloperidol, clozapine, olanzapine, perphenazine, promazine (CYP2C9); carefully: haloperidol, olanzapine, perospirone (СYP1A1).

This rare case demonstrates PhGT importance before APs therapy, because the patient had very high risk AP – induced ADRs. She needed PhGt before APs use, but not after severe ADRs during 12 years.

No significant relationships.

Adolescence: a state of mental fragility, where psychiatric disorders may debut, where have been reported several cases of toxidermy, encephalopathy and neuropsychiatric disorder related to ivermectin treatment (excluding organicity, substance abuse or medication) (1). It has effect on the dopaminergic system with an alteration on glycoprotein P leading to high levels of ivermectin causing neurotoxicity (2). In this poster, we discuss the case of a 14 y/o´s psychosis to ivermectin

Presentation of a clinical report

14 years old woman. Background: father with schizophrenia. Comorbility: None. Initially, presented to ER with 2 week of treatment to ivermectin 6mg for pediculosis; presenting first psychotic episode. She presented first clinical outbreak of psychosis characterized by mystical-religious, erotomaniac, harm and reference delusions, auditory and visual hallucinations adding isolation, abulia, apathy, dialogued soliloquies, and spontaneous crying. No prior psychiatric treatment.

In hospitalization: elevated indirect and direct bilirubins and hiponatremia; neuroimaging studies are reported normal. Haloperidol 7.5 mg/day is indicated and parkinsonism is presented. Treatment is changed to olanzapine 15mg/day with notorious improvement. Diagnostic impression: Acute polymorphic psychotic disorder with symptoms of schizophrenia

Possible causes were analyzed, finding a relationship with ivermectin treatment. This case makes evident the importance of conducting in-depht evaluations and finding risks factors for psychosis.

No significant relationships.

ATPD is defined in the ICD‐10 as a polymorphic, predominantly delusional, or schizophreniform psychotic condition characterized by an acute onset (≤2 weeks) and rapid remission (expected within 1–3 months), which is often associated with acute stressful life events. A woman in her 30s was brought to the emergency department in an acute psychotic state. Her mental health had deteriorated rapidly following her attendance to Reiki training two weeks ago (Reiki is a form of alternative medicine called energy healing). She presented as agitated, confused and had disorganised thoughts. She had paranoid, referential, misidentification and bizarre delusions.

This paper reports the case of a 37-year-old woman with stress-induced new-onset psychosis instigated by Reiki practise.

A female patient is described who developed an acute and transient psychosis with polymorphic symptomatology after meditating. Physical examinations, paraclinical testing, and neuroimaging excluded an organic cause of symptoms.

In this case, we wanted to present an example of acute and transient psychosis episodes in which individuals with low psychosis threshold experienced recipient factors such as insomnia, dopaminergic agent (modafinil), practising reiki and meditation.While the family history of the patient, fragile personality structure suggest that the threshold of psychosis may be low; physical fatigue, insomnia, which is common in all 3 episodes, may have triggered acute psychosis.

Our patient recovered completely within 1week after a brief admission and treatment with haloperidol. The real question here is whether the patient needs psychotropic medication for life.

No significant relationships.

Ramadan is a holly month for Muslims. Able-bodied adults fast and abstain from sexual activities from dawn to sunset. These hasty lifestyle changes have a major impact on the sexual life of the Muslim community.

To assess the impact of Ramadan on sexual activity in a Tunisian community.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among married Muslim volunteers in Tunisia. The data was collected with an anonymous self-completed questionnaire, one week before Ramadan (W-1) and the fourth week of Ramadan (W4).

We included 100 person in this study. The sample consisted of 59 females and 41 males. The average age was 40.3 years. During Ramadan, sexual intercourse happened more often on weekends (p=0.009) and mostly during the second part of the night (p ˂0.001). Data suggest a disturbed sex life with less satisfaction about sexual life compared to W-1 (p<0.05). Monthly sexual intercourse frequency dropped from 5.76 coitus/month on W-1 to 3.27 on W 4 (p<0.05) and Duration of sex from 9.45 minutes to 6.85 minutes (p˂0.001). Couples communicated less about sex (p=0.004). Sexual abstinence was more frequent (p=0.016). Preliminaries were less performed (P=0.01) and were shorter (p˂0.001).Oral sex was less frequent as well as some sexual positions: fellatio (p=0.01) and cunnilingus (p=0.002), sexual positions of Andromache (P=0.002), posterior vaginal (P˂0.001) and lateral (P=0.001). The participants used less pornography (p=0.007).

This study demonstrated the deleterious impact of the lifestyles changes in Ramadan on the sexual life. Better sexual and religious education is recommended to prevent sexual dysfunctions.

No significant relationships.

We present the clinical case of a patient where the psychotic clinic coexists with gender dysphoria. This scenario can be the result of a change in gender identity derived from the psychotic process or appear independently of it.

We want to explain the importance of knowing how to act with a patient in whom these two processes coexist.

20-year-old woman, with no history of mental health. She comes to the emergency department for behavioral alteration. The family observes strange behaviors, unmotivated laughter, soliloquies and aggressive episodes. Abandonment of studies, hobbies and radical physical change. Delusions of prejudice and self-referential delusions. Possible phenomena of echo and diffusion of the thought. Auditory hallucinations talking to her in male gender, since then she presents doubts about her sexual identity and manifests her desire to change sex. Altered judgment of reality.

During admission, we started treatment with an antipsychotic with good tolerance and she was referred to mental health team, where psychopharmacological treatment was adjusted with good response. In the following medical appointments the psychotic clinic disappeared at the same time that sexual identification was completely restored and made a critique of the behavior and experiences.

This case highlights the importance of assessing the chronology of symptoms, the patient’s criticality, the response to antipsychotic treatment and the need to exclude the psychotic background of the desire for gender reassignment before making a therapeutic decision.

No significant relationships.

Sexual dysfunction is a quite common side effect of antidepressant treatment. Sexual side effects may affect the person’s adherence to treatment, quality of life, and relations. Premature ejaculation is rarely seen as an adverse effect of antidepressant drugs.

We aimed to present a clinical case of a 53-year-old man who developed painful ejaculation with the use of venlafaxine.

We made a narrative literature search in Pubmed and Google scholar with the terms of painful ejaculation induced by venlafaxine and antidepressant treatment.

A 53-year-old man was admitted to the psychiatric outpatient unit with symptoms of anhedonia, decreased sleep, decreased self-esteem for the last month. The patient was diagnosed with depression and he started to take 37,5 mg venlafaxine per day. After one month, when venlafaxine dose was increased to 75mg and the patient started to complain of painful ejaculation. The pain continued from the beginning to the end of the ejaculation. The pain increased more when the venlafaxine dose increased to 150mg per day. The patient was consulted at the urology clinic. The urological examination, laboratory tests (direct microscopic examination of the urethral discharge and urethral culture), and serum prostate-specific antigen levels were normal. No pathology was found in uroflowmetry and ultrasonography of the urinary system. The dose of venlafaxine decreased and the patient started to take 20 mg of fluoxetine per day. His symptoms disappeared after venlafaxine was discontinued.

To literature, this is the second presentation of painful ejaculation observed during the use of venlafaxine.

No significant relationships.

A significant problem for clinical judicial experts when issuing court opinions is the possibility that the assessed person may be simulating, as well as lack of examination tools that would increase the objectivity and reliability of the assessment. This presentation covers studies on psychological characteristics of perpetrators of crimes against sexual freedom.

The participants were asked to complete psychological tools - Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Emotion Understanding Test, Revised NEO Personality Inventory, Attachment Style Questionnaire.

The participants of the study consisted of 225 men serving sentences of imprisonment in a dozen of Polish prisons. Two clinical populations were compared: of perpetrators diagnosed and not diagnosed with sexual preference disorders. The control group consisted of offenders of crimes other than against sexual freedom.

no personality and psychosocial variables were identified that would significantly differentiate offenders diagnosed and not diagnosed with parapaphilic disorder.

The results of this study justify the use of selected tools to complement the clinical diagnosis, allowing for obtaining additional data, independent from case files and interview, that would increase the probability of sexual preference disorders.

The study was approved by the ethical committee at the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw and the Director General of the Prison Service. Scientific work was financed from the budget for science in the years 2017-2021, as a research project D

Previous studies have shown that the month of Ramadan has a negative impact on the sexual life of fasters. Sexuality during Ramadan seems monotonous, rather poor, leaving little room for foreplay, sensuality and diversification of the sexual repertoire.

To examine the socio-demographic and religious factors associated with the change in the sexual lives of fasters

A cross-sectional study was conducted among married Muslim volunteers in Tunisia. The data was collected with an anonymous self-completed questionnaire, one week before Ramadan (W-1) and the fourth week of Ramadan (W4).

We included 100 participants in this survey.The analytical study found a negative correlation between age and the frequency of coitus during Ramadan (r= -0.2, p= 0.04). The lenth of the marriage was associated with less communication about sexual satisfaction during Ramadan (P=0.01). Rural origin was associated with less tenderness (p=0.03) and shorter foreplay (p=0.03). Wearing the veil was associated with sexual abstinence in women during Ramadan (p=0.038) and not wearing it was associated with the cessation of oral sex (p=0.04). The practice of prayer was correlated to a lesser diversification of sexual positions (p=0.01) and to the withdrawal of certain sexual positions: posterior vaginal (p=0.01), lateral (p=0.02), Andromache (p=0.004).

Changes in the expression of sexuality during Ramadan are not consistent with religious dictates. These findings suggest that the perception of sexuality and its practices are motivated by tradition and culture much more than religion.

No significant relationships.

The research was carried out in Poland between 7-19 March 2021 with the help of online questionnaire on a group of 183 male aged 18-20. The subjects were divided into two age groups: 18-29 and 30-40. The second division are chemsex and non chemsex users.

Objective of this research was to test whether attachment styles, ways of coping with stress and feeling of sense of life influence the risk of overusing chemsex in MSM groups aged 18-29 and 30-40.

Online questionnaire composed of demographics and 3 psychological tests: Ways of Attachment Questionnaire (Polpa 2008) Ways of Coping Questionaire (polish adaptation by P. Szczepaniak, J. Strelau, K. Wrześniewski) Life Attitude Profile - Revised (polish adaptation by R. Klamut)

Examinated chemsex users, based on life attitudes analysis, tend to lead a strongly oriented life, are convinced of having clear and well-defined goals. In terms of dealing with stress they are presenting focused-on-task style, they exhibit lowered levels of avoidant style than normally characteristic for addicts. The research did not reveal any connection between chemsex users and attachment styles.

The research did not allow to clearly point out any connections between risk factors and chemsex usage. During data analysis some weak links occurred, nevertheless too weak to state any risk factors. As results of carried out research it was possible to determine some models, which marked some specific values, obtained on given scales, and following connections between heightening and lowering chance of chemsex usage.

No significant relationships.