The purpose of this study was to investigation the relationship between the dimensions of Family communication patterns (conversation orientation and conformity orientation) with adolescents’ locus of control, self esteem, Shyness and communication patterns.

The participant in this study includes 367 students (232 girls and 135 boys) of first and second graders in high school in the first region of Tehran, that were chosen by available sampling method and filled the Revised family communication patterns questionnaire (RFCP), Levenson locus of control scale (IPC), Rosenberg self esteem questionnaire, shyness questionnaire of Cheeck and Buss and communication skills questionnaire. Regression analysis was used to predict each of the criterion variables by Dimensions of family communication patterns.

The regression analysis result revealed that the Family conversation orientation has a positive and significant relationship with internal locus of control, high self esteem and communication skills and predicts them positively. Also Family conformity orientation has a positive and significant relationship with external locus of control and shyness and predicts them positively. And has a significant negative relationship with self esteem and predicts it negatively.

The finding of present research show that the families with conversation orientation, who have the free, comfortable and rich relationships as a need of joyful family life, lead to the formation of internal locus of control, higher self esteem, less shyness and more communication patterns in children in comparison with the families with conformity orientation.

The aim of this study is to investigation the relationship between test anxiety and emotional intelligence (EQ) in boys and girls of high schools of Tehran city.

In this study 100 boys and 100 girls were selected via multi stage cluster sampling from the mentioned high schools. The participants were asked to answer two questionnaires. The beck anxiety inventory and bar- on emotional quotient inventory were used to measure anxiety and emotional intelligence.

The result of this study suggested that test anxiety has a negative effect on EQ and therefore all EQ parameters have reverse correlation with amount of test anxiety. Such correlation was not seen between anxiety and phenomenon such as self expression, inter personal affairs and sympathy.

Emotional intelligence is defined as the awareness and ability to manage emotions in a healthy and productive manner, By providing a suitable educational environment in schools and families, we can help students learn how to control their emotions and thereby increase their EQ to be able to manage their emotions while encountering exams or other difficult situations in life.

This presentation examines the neuroscience of criminal autistic psychopathy.

It will examine persons described by Hans Asperger who enjoy “sadistic” acts. It is only a very small number of persons with autism who show criminal autistic psychopathy.

This can have fatal consequences for the victims. Some of the acts are of the nature of “experiments” by the persons with autism. This presentation will examine ways of identifying persons with this condition. The vast majority of persons with autism are highly moral.

There is evidence for a new diagnostic category “criminal autistic psychopathy”.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Conduct Disorder (CD) are associated with Risk Behaviors (RB) such as substance-related problems, suicidal behaviors and sex risk behaviors. However, some issues remain controversials: is ADHD an independent risk factor for RB? Is CD a confounding factor of the relationship between ADHD and RB?

To assess the link between childhood hyperactivity-inattention symptoms and subsequent RB, controlling for other risk factors among which conduct disorder symptoms.

We have conducted multivariate analyses from a French community-based sample (N = 1107) belonging to the youth GAZEL cohort. The sample was first assessed at ages 4 to 18, and then assessed 8 years later. Child psychopathology and RB patterns were evaluated through parent and adolescent self-reports.

In males, results show an effect of hyperactivity-inattention symptoms on more severe RB such as regular cannabis use, illicit drug experimentation and suicidal behaviors (adjusted OR = 2 to 5, all Ps significants). In females, they show an effect of hyperactivity-inattention symptoms on regular tobacco use (adjusted OR = 2, P < .05). The risk of RB initiation was increased in youths with high levels of conduct disorder symptoms, particularly in combination with simultaneously high levels of hyperactivity-inattention symptoms (adjusted OR = 2, P < .05).

This work enhances the knowledge of a link between disruptive behaviors in childhood and subsequent risk behaviors. It underscores the importance of a better acknowledgement of these disorders, in order to better identify and treat them to prevent negative long-term outcomes.

16-year-old male, physical state inside normal parameters, diagnosed of high functioning autism. Normalized life up to 14 years.

At present not educated, he remains isolated in the familiar hearth fleeing of the situations and stimulus that seem aversive to him. He asks for help repeatedly to go out of his situation.

Symptomatology:

(A) If the exhibition to the situation, person or stimulus, has not exceeded his threshold of tolerance:

- Gradually he relaxes

- Gradually he recovers his basic situation

(B) If the exhibition to the situation, person or stimulus, has exceeded his threshold of tolerance:

- Increase of internal tension

- Increase of observable behavioural agitation

- Increase of request of help to unload the internal tension Effects:

(A) If there is tension discharge:

- Considerable increase of the availability and positive attitude

- Considerable increase of the state of mind

(B) If there is no tension discharge:

- Movement increase and he even escapes

- Aggressiveness against objects and people

- Conducts of high risk for his and others’ life

Detonators: Incapability for the confrontation to the stress, especially before:

- Environmental tension

- Different acoustic stimulus and every time more generalized in the everyday life: crying of babies and children, whistles, coffee pots, engines …

- Powerlessness before the impossibility of flight and/or avoidance of the aversive stimulus Its cognitive level allows him to realize and suffer the consistent emotional impact, as well as wishing to die.

He asks for help repeatedly to go out of his situation!

To examine the relationship between, smell of cigarette smoking and inhalation for children under one year and the probability of cigarette smoking in adulthood.

This is a case control study in which two groups of subjects (smokers as case group and nonsmokers as observed group) are considered.

Cigarette exposure experience under age of one has been questioned in both groups.

The results of the research show that 60.71% of smoker group had parents smoking in their infancy Period while this was 30.35% for nonsmokers, indicating a significant difference (P = 0.000,X2 = 63.91). Also, 58.82% of subjects in smoker group have smoking parents while 12% in nonsmoker group .19.64% have certain medical disease history compared with 5.35% in nonsmoker group which showed a significant difference.(P = 0.044,X2 = 4.00).

As the results show it is Probable that unexpected inhalation of cigarette smoke induce a conditional learning for children in their infancy Period and in family environment under the influence of simultaneous kindness of both parents while inhalation smoking reminds them their parent’s kindness and favor. There is a good feeling for these Persons while they smoke and this increases the chance for them to be smoker.

Although this study is limited, it may be can show the effect of parent’s smoking on the probability of smoking for children in their future life, to prevent which can decrease this probability.

Autistic communication profile in children who speak in sentences is characterized by significant deficits in social relationships and restricted interests coupled with low general communication ability.

The objective of this research is to determine autistic communication profile in children with sub average intellectual functioning.

The sample consisted of 128 participants with mild intellectual disability, of both sexes, aged from 6 to 16 (M = 12.53; SD = 2.81). Communication abilities were assessed using Children's Communication Checklist (CCC-2).

It was found that 7 (5.47%) students achieved scores below the 6th percentile of normative population on scales Social Relationship and Interests, coupled with General Communication Composite score below the 10th percentile. Four of them (3.13% of the sample) also obtained Social Interaction Deviance composite score less than zero. This communication profile is frequently seen in children with autism spectrum disorders.

It could be concluded that more than 3% of the children with mild intellectual disability may merit further assessment for an autistic spectrum disorder.

Social impairments form one of the major deficits of Autism Spectrum Disorders and are frequently associated with anxiety in school-going children. Social skills programs have been most well-validated to address the issue but components of the programs require further examination.

The study aims to develop and evaluate a group-based Social Recreational program that encourages interaction and behaviour regulation among children with High-Functioning Autism through their participation in activities that address meaningful and functional skills in a naturalistic social setting. The components of the program are described.

30 children were enrolled in the 16-sessions weekly program. Attending psychiatrists rated the children on the Clinical Global Impression - Severity scale (CGI-S) at pre-, post-, 3-month, 6-month and one-year follow-up. Anxiety levels of the children were measured by self-reports on the Spence Child Anxiety Scale - Child (SCAS-C) and parent-reports on the Spence Child Anxiety Scale - Parent (SCAS-P).

Clinician ratings on the CGI-S showed significant improvements in the children upon completion of the program (Friedman, X2 = 22.69, p = .000) and the gains were maintained at follow-ups. Repeated measures ANOVA with a Greenhouse-Geisser correction showed lower self-reported anxiety in children after the program, F (2.89, 72.26) = 4.07, p = .004. Post-hoc pair-wise comparisons suggested that the children were significantly less anxious at the 6-month follow-up.

The program suggests promising benefits although there are no active anxiety remediation components. Its value lies in its applicability in wider community settings. Implications of its effectiveness are discussed.

Pervasive Refusal Syndrome (PRS) is a relatively new diagnostic concept, that describes a rare and potentially life threatening condition, in which children refuse to walk.

talk, eat, drink, engage in self care, and take part in day to day activities (Lask et al, 1991).

PRS is not included in any of the psychiatric classification systems (ICD 10, DSM IV), although consensus exists within the literature as to its existence. Lask comments in his paper on Pervasive Refusal Syndrome that he has consulted on only 50 cases worldwide (Lask, 2004).

The authors will share their clinical experience of treating seven new cases of PRS in a Regional CAMHS inpatient hospital. Patients with PRS often require hospital admission for assessment and exclusion of other medical, neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, because of the rarity many medical and psychiatric professionals have little experience of the treatment and rehabilitation required.

The specific MDT management approach necessary to meet the complex needs of patients with PRS will be discussed, as treatment is often counterintuitive, and some approaches can result in deterioration rather than improvement.

In terms of improvement and recovery from the disorder, less is known about long term follow-up, as only a few studies have reported on immediate outcome. The authors have undertaken a long term follow-up (in press) and will discuss issues relating to prognosis.

A specific MDT treatment approach for PRS will be discussed, alongside the clinical decisions and dilemmas involved in following this approach.

Arachnoid cysts are rare, benign space-occupying lesions formed by an arachnoid membrane containing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). They are often discovered as incidental findings found on imaging. Occasionally they may produce symptoms because of expansion or bleeding.

The coexistence of arachnoid cysts with psychiatric disturbances in adolescents had not been closely covered in the literature. Recent descriptions of aphasia and attention-deficit disorders associated with these cysts indicate that we do not fully understand this entity. There is also no acceptable explanation for the male preponderance and increased incidence on the left side.

The appearance of some references that focus on a possible link between arachnoid cysts and psychotic symptoms in adolescents has increased the interest in this subject.

This case report describes the treatment of a 17-year old male adolescent, characterized by “negative” psychotic symptoms, reduced affect, unfunctioning behavior, headaches and vision problems. An arachnoid cyst was found on the temporobasilaris left brain side on magnetic resonance image. His psychotic symptoms were suspected to be induced by the arachnoid cyst. The patient was treated with an outpatient antipsychotic therapy (olanzapin) during one year and shown improvement, but without a complete remission of the psychotic symptoms.

It is difficult to discus whether the lesion had influence on the patient’s psychiatric symptoms or not, but clinical features and treatment modalities points this possibility. However, the co morbidity of neurological and psychiatric symptoms in adolescence raises problems when it comes to choosing the therapeutic guidelines.

After the Wenchuan earthquake in China, 2008, more and more attentions are payed on truamatic disorders among children and adolescents in China.

To make a clear view of the Acute Stress Disorder(ASD) symptoms, other behavior problems and mood disorders caused by surgery among children and aldolescents.

130 children/Adolescents between the age of 8∼15 hospitalized in Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China hospital, Sichuan University were interviewed and assessed for possible traumatic symptoms, behavior problems and mood disorders. The Acute Stress Disorder Scale(ASDS), the Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS) and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were used in this research and several correlated factors and possible predictors were analyzed.

2 patients’ ASDS score were above the critical value of the scale, yet they did not meet the diagnostic criteria of ASD; 2 patients’ were found “depressed” “Bad communication” problems respectively compared to the CBCL norms in China.

1. Some ASD symptoms can be observed from children/adolescents hospitalized in Department of Pediatric Surgery. Children/adolescents with an experience of the traumatic events before sent to hospital may have more significant ASD symptoms.

2. Some behavior problems and mood disorders can be observed from children/adolescents hospitalized in Department of Pediatric Surgery.

Today anger and its manifestation has become a great health problem among adolescents.

The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of teaching anger management on adjustment and self-efficacy of adolescents.

This is an experimental study which was conducted on 50 students that were chosen through random sampling method. Data were collected through adjustment and self-efficacy questionnaire. Content validity and Test-retest methods were used for validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Initially, the two adjustments and self-efficacy questionnaires were given to the students, then, anger management was taught in for 8 sessions each lasting 1.5 hours. Two weeks after the last session of teaching, the two questionnaires were filled again and the results were compared. Data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistics.

The analysis of data with Wilkinson's test revealed that teaching anger management has been effective on adjustment with p < 0/001 and on self-efficacy of adolescent also with p < 0/001.

Adolescents’ anger is a major concern for the society. With regard to the conclusions drawn in this study and the effects that appropriate control of anger has on adolescents’ adjustment and self-efficacy, it is advisable that educational programs for suitable control of feelings including anger be given top priority in the state educational system.

Anxiety disorders are prevalent in childhood and can cause significant impairment in adulthood. Although cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) show evidence of response in children with anxiety disorders, some questions remain open.

To evaluate the response of an adapted protocol of group CBT for anxiety disorders in childhood.

This is a non-controlled clinical trial of 14 sessions of 90 minutes for children 10 to 13 years. Patients were selected from public schools diagnosed with Anxiety Disorder in Childhood, according to KDSADS. The protocol used was based on manual Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anxious Children: Therapist Manual for Group Treatment of Flannery-Schroeder and Kendall (2006), the Coping Cat Workbook and on clinical experience of therapists. Improvement was evaluated by Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI).

To date 20 patients completed the 14 sessions of group CBT. There was a predominance of females (n = 15; 75%), mean age 11.6 ± 0.68 years. The most frequent diagnosis was Generalized Anxiety Disorder (n = 14; 70%) and 14 patients had at least one anxiety disorder and comorbidity (70%). Regarding the response to therapy, there was a significant decrease in symptoms (p < 0.001) assessed by the CGI (mean and standard deviation) before (4.15 ± 0.93) and after (2.95 ± 1.05) in the CBT group. Higher CGI at baseline was a predictor of poor response (4.67 ± 0.65 vs. 0.74 ± 3:38; p = 0.001).

Partial results of this study show that the protocol used for group CBT is effective in improving clinical patients with anxiety disorders in childhood.

Communication disorders are often described in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD), but language related problems are neither among the cardinal features nor required to fulfil diagnostic criteria of AD/HD.

To investigate communication impairments in a group of children with AD/HD compared to a group of Typically Developing (TD) children.

Fifty-six Norwegian children aged 6–15 years participated. The AD/HD group consisted of 28 children and was matched on age and gender with a TD group. The parents completed a Norwegian translation of the Children's Communication Checklist Second Edition (CCC-2).

In the AD/HD group communication impairment was identified in 23 out of 28 children (82.1%) compared to only one child in the TD group (3.6%). The two groups differed significantly on 9 out of 10 subscales of the CCC-2, as well as on the GCC (MANOVA, p ≤ .001).

Children with AD/HD are likely to exhibit communication problems relative to typically developing children. The two groups differed on 9 out of 10 subscales on the CCC-2. These results add to the growing body of research showing that communication disorders are frequent among children with AD/HD. They underline the importance of routine screening of communication to be performed as part of the assessment procedure in children with AD/HD.

Around 65% of children with ADHD continue to be impaired by symptoms in adulthood. Nevertheless, ADHD in adults is often poorly understood and misdiagnosed globally, notably in Europe. Furthermore, few data are available comparing the experiences of adult patients with ADHD from different geographical regions.

To examine the symptoms and impairments associated with ADHD in adults from the patient's perspective and to better understand how culture, country of residence and different ADHD management approaches can impact on the experiences of adults with the condition.

Data were obtained from focus groups in the USA, Canada, UK, The Netherlands, Italy, France and Germany. Patients participated in semi-structured interviews using a series of open-ended questions relating to medical history, life experience, daily impacts of ADHD and psychological and social issues. Transcripts of the interviews were analysed based on grounded theory qualitative data analysis methodology.

Data from 14 focus groups representing 103 adults with ADHD (mean age 36, 47% female) were analysed. Reported impacts were consistent across focus groups with respect to the participants’ history of diagnosis, symptoms, medication use, childhood experiences, and psychological and social issues as adults, regardless of country of residence, culture, treatment patterns or health care systems. Minimal differences were reported with respect to the perception of ADHD, treatment options and costs of care. This poster will focus on European results.

The burden of illness and impacts of ADHD in adults are largely independent of culture or country of residence.

Supported by Shire Development, Inc.

To explore the clinical characteristics, assessment, biological and psychosocial correlates, and treatment of pediatric bipolar disorder (BD) in China.

All the studies published during the past 20 years on pediatric bipolar disorder in China were reviewed.

There is a lack of a unified diagnosis system in China. A serial of genetic researches showed the family aggregation and genetic predisposition of BD. There are consistent findings on the core symptoms of the disorder. BD has the characteristic of comorbidity with other disorders such as ADHD and OCD. Mood stabilizers and combined use of antipsychotics and TCA are still the main choice of psychiatrists to treat the pediatric patients with BD. The effectiveness of specific psychotherapy does need further studies.

A unified diagnosis system and criteria of BD for different age groups is crucial for further work. Combination of various treatments, such as mood stabilizers, AC, TCA and traditional Chinese medicine is effective for these patients. More studies, especially randomized controlled trials should be conducted to explore the etiology, pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy of this disease.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) determines to a large extent the lifestyle of the person and his environment; there are many problems for most of the family members. We developed the Psychiatric Family treatment for Autism (PFA) from practice evidence to evidence based practice.

The PFA is a competence directed home-treatment for families with one or more persons with ASD. The focus is on the whole family and every family member. A family trainer works weekly at home at targets the family made.

To involve every family member to improve the individual and family problems.

Parent's practises, parent's personal well-being and their experiences of all their children's were measured before and after the PFA treatment. Also each child of the family about his competences. The instruments (VGFO, SCL-90, SDQ and CBS-A/K) are standardized and validated questionnaires. We measured the treatment integrity of the PFA by questionnaires and home observations.

Also in our families with ASD there are a complexity of problems. The research shows is an overall improvement of the parental functioning and the parent's perception of their children's problems and the self esteem of the children. The mothers reported a progress in personal well-being The trainers have a high treatment integrity

Our concept that an integrated family treatment (PFA) has a spin-ff for the wellbeing of all the family members has been proved. We can discuss if PFA can be a prevention treatment for ASD family problems in the future.

Anxiety and depression are psychological disorders, which are according to the World Health Organization in terms of disease on top of other diseases in recent decades. Parents have children with chronic disease, which are faced with psychological pressure. In these Conditions, they are susceptible to Anxiety and depression. Anxiety and depression of Parental is associated with decreased sense of responsibility toward care, education and nutrition for their children. Children of depressed parents than healthy parents have more hospitalization time and higher mortality. addition, parents are considered as the most important people in the support system of sick children and their mental disorder affect on their children's mental and emotional health. Therefore assessment of parents’ the two disorders are essential.

The purpose of this study was to determine of parent's anxiety and depression of children with chronic disease in Tehran Mofid pediatric hospital in 1389.

This is cross-sectional descriptive study. 440 parents of hospitalized children with chronic diseases were selected with random sampling. Study's tool was anxiety and depression hospital scale. Tools validated with content and convergent validity method and test-retest method was used to its reliability.

Assessment of anxiety level showed 49/1% of samples were moderate to severe and 24/5% with mild anxiety. Level analyses of depression showed that 31/8% of samples were with moderate to severe depression and 27/3 with mild depression.

Overall result showed that more than half of parents of children with chronic diseases suffer from moderate to severe anxiety and depression.