The research aimed to investigate role of personality traits and Emotional Intelligence in tendency to addiction.

In sampling process a total of 73 addicted people and 73 non-addicted people that were randomly selected and completed Schutte's Self- Report E / I Test (SSREIT) (33 items) and Mc Care and Costa's NEO PI-R Inventory. In order to analyzing the data independent T test was used to compare means of two groups.

Findings indicated significant differences between two groups in components of Emotional Intelligent. Addicted people had less scores in agreeableness, extroversion, conscientiousness, appraisal of emotion, utilization of emotion and general score of emotional intelligence, and more scores in neuroticism than and openness to experience than nonaddicted people.

Considering the current study are congruent with the other research in this field, it is recommended to apply the plans for EI education related to personality traits for enhancing emotional intelligent components in order to increasing abilities and competencies in confronting with crisis and bad events and reducing risk of abnormal behaviors, specially addiction.

To capture common variants of schizophrenia by using quantitative trait, DMS(delay matching to sample), as endophenotype of schizophrenia.

100 first-episode schizophrenia patients and 140 healthy controls were recruited for DMS test, linear regression model was built to associate interaction of genotyped markers and affect status with DMS test results.

two SNPs reache P value of association significance(5×10-6), rs17069969 located in MAML2 in chromosome 3 when associated with DMS_TC and rs555329 positioned in FHIT in chromosome 11 when associated with both DMS_PC_A and DMS_PEGC.

DMS was proved to be reasonable index as endophenotype to capture loci susceptible to schizophrenia. Pleiotropic effect of gene played an important role in genesis of schizophrenia.

Alcohol dependence is a complex psychiatric disorder and causes considerable costs throughout Europe. Lesch Alcoholism Typology (LAT) is regarded one of the most widely used clinical typologies of alcohol addiction and abuse. The aim of the study was to find out if the introduction of the LAT in general clinical practice leads to better clinical outcome and reduced costs.

This retrospective matched-pairs case-control study was conducted at the Regional Addiction Center of the University Clinic in Serbia. Patients were matched in couples according to sex, age and ICD-10 diagnosis. All patients fulfilled the diagnosis of alcohol dependence accrding to ICD-10 and DSm-IV-TR. The study involved 250 patients i.e. 125 pairs (non-LAT treated case joined to its LAT-treated counterpart), during the period of four years.

Mean number of hospital admission was 0.94±1.27/0.92±0.74(LAT/non-LAT). Mean total duration of hospital admissions was 12.49±14.77/10.80±11.52(LAT/non-LAT). Total direct medical costs of non-LAT addicts’ care were 4,835,084.23 RSD, while after initiation of LAT the same costs were significantly reduced - 3,425,016.93 RSD. Mean cost/patient was significantly lower after initiation of LAT based treatment (27,400.14±31,437.65(CI 95%- 21,888.98-32,911.30) vs. 38,680.67±40,582.80(CI 95%- 31,566.33-45,795.02) RSD)(p=0.007). Mean cost of single hospital admission among non-LAT treatment group was 285.45±311.82(CI 95% 232.79-342.11) € and among LAT 165.77±135.01(CI 95% 142.10-189.43) € (p=0.008). LAT software induced net savings amounted to € 112.8 per patient.

The implementation of the LAT software, due to more precise diagnostic assessment and sub-type specific pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, lead to a total € 112.8 net savings on general medical care costs.

Neuronal plasticity is a characteristic feature of the human central nervous system. Impaired cortical plasticity has been reported to be associated with a val/met gene-polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene. Based on former studies, impaired cortical plasticity has been described as a common, yet not fully understood phenomenon in patients with schizophrenia.

The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of the val/met-BDNF gene-polymorphism on cortical plasticity in patients with schizophrenia.

Cortical plasticity was investigated in a cross-sectional sample of schizophrenia patients (SZ) and healthy controls (HC) using anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the primary motor cortex inducing long-term potentiation (LTP) and depression (LTD). The after-effect of the applied tDCS was then probed by TMS before and after tDCS stimulation. TMS in all participants was conducted using a standard 70 mm-TMS figure-of-eight magnetic coil connected to a MagPro X 100 magnetic stimulator. Analyses were focused on resting-motor threshold (RMT), 1mV motor-evoked potential (MEP), short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI at 3 ms), intracortical facilitation (ICF at 12 ms) and cortical silent period (CSP at 120% RMT).

The statistical analyses included n=43 SZ and n=44 HC participants (all numbers presented under reserve of further examination) thus resulting in the largest available sample to probe cortical plasticity parameters in BDNF-genotyped schizophrenia patients. Further results will be presented at the conference.

The findings will give new insights into the influence of plasticity-associated gene polymorphisms and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been established as a method to probe inhibitory and facilitatory networks in the motor cortex. Reduced motor-cortical inhibition is a common, finding in patients with schizophrenia. Based on neuropathological findings, the reduced cortical inhibition in schizophrenia has been linked to alterations in GABAergic networks.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of disease state and antipsychotic medications on cortical inhibition.

Cortical inhibition was investigated in a pooled cross-sectional sample of first-episode (FE-SZ) and chronically ill (CH-SZ) schizophrenia patients and healthy controls (HC) using TMS to the left primary motor cortex. Analyses were focused on resting-motor threshold (RMT), short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI at 3 ms), intracortical facilitation (ICF at 12 and 15 ms) and cortical silent period (CSP at 120% RMT).

There was a significant difference concerning the mean CSP durations between HC and FE-SZ (MW-U: p=0.001). An overall comparison between HC and all patients further showed significant differences in SICI, presenting in a shorter mean SICI of HC than of SZ patients (MW-U: p=0.031).

This is the largest homogenous sample presenting various parameters of cortical excitability in schizophrenia patients. Thus, the findings allow to reduce the variance of different smaller samples and confirm the complex pattern of impaired cortical inhibition and excitability in patients with schizophrenia. The findings further indicate an impact of an early disease state on GABAB network performance.

Agitation is a common problem in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, often requiring drug therapy in an acute care setting. Experts in behavioral emergencies consider speed of onset as an important factor in choosing a treatment. One Phase 2 and two Phase 3 clinical trials were conducted to assess the efficacy of treating agitation with inhaled loxapine.

To determine if baseline severity of agitation influenced patient outcome.

All trials were multi-center, randomized, double blind, parallel group, placebo controlled. Two doses of inhaled loxapine, 10 mg and 5 mg, were tested. Study subjects were agitated patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder who provided informed consent. At baseline, subjects were required to have a minimum total score of 14 for the five items of the PANSS Excited Component (PEC). The primary endpoint was the change in the PEC total score at 2 hrs. This meta analysis compared the efficacy of inhaled loxapine across the 3 studies in subjects with PEC ≥ 20 (88 patients, more severely agitated; MSA) to those with PEC ≤15 (90 patients, less severely agitated; LSA).

In the 10 mg dose group, the mean PEC change from baseline for the MSA group was 10.5 while for the LSA subjects was 6.6. This represents a 50% change from baseline for the MSA subjects and a 45% change for the LSA subjects.

Inhaled loxapine has as good as or better effects in reducing agitation in more agitated patients as it does in less agitated patients.

In the recent years the phenomenon of early alcohol initiation is observed. This problem is often underestimated, in spite of its numerous negative consequences.

and Aims of this study is to determine the effect of early drinking onset on subsequent alcohol dependence.

The research study was based on authors’ anonymous questionnaire including questions reffering to: age of alcohol initiation, age of the first blackout after drinking alcohol and the reason of drinking alcohol for the first time. In the study group there were 125 people, members o Alcoholics Anonymous, mean age 43, 83 men and 42 women. In the control group there were 231 people, mean age 25, 136 men and 95 women.

In the study group alcohol initiation occurred before the age of 15 more often than in the control group (49% vs. 42%). The same correlation exists for the alcohol initiation before 12 years of age (13% vs. 8%) and is statistically significant (p<0.05). Drinking alcohol for the first time took place for some of the respondents before the age of 10 and significantly more often in the study group (6% vs. 2%, p<0.05).

The obtained results allow to conclude that in patients addicted to alcohol the initiation took place earlier that in the study group (age 13-15vs.16-18). Also, very early alcohol initiation (<12 years) occurred more frequently in the study group (12.8% vs. 8.2%). Based on our research, we confirmed that early drinking onset is associated with subsequent alcohol dependence.

Depression is highly prevalent and disabling mental disorder, less than one third of all cases receive any treatment, suggesting a remarkable level on unmet needs.

The aim of the study was to assess differences in health care utilization among people with depression and those with no symptoms in representative sample of the general Latvian population.

The study was a part of the FINBALT health monitoring survey in 2012, a collaborative project between Baltic States and Finland, which monitors health related behaviours; the questionnaire included depression module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). A total of 3003 15-64 years old persons were interviewed by using face-to-face computerized data collection tool.

The 12-month prevalence of depression in the general population of Latvia was 7.3% (95% CI 6.4–8.3). Use of any health care service over last 12 months was higher among those with depression compared with those without symptoms (84.8% and 73.1%); these differences remained significant after adjusting for age and gender (OR=2.0; 95% CI 1.4–3.0; p<0.001). Primary care services were used 4.3 times (SD 3.0) during the last 12 months among those with depression as compared with 3.2 (SD 3.9) times among those with no depression (t=4.50; p<0.001); while specialist services were used 3.1 times (SD 2.5) and 2.4 times (SD 1.8)(t=-3.973, p<0.001), respectively.

Health care services are more frequently sought-after by people with depression, and taking into account underdiagnosis of depression in Latvia, more efficient screening and management tools are needed.

The purpose of this study was to assess to effects of the playing light music & story telling (with Radio) Regulations of sleep disorders on University girl's Dormitory.

This was a quasi-experimental study which covered 60 boys with acute sleep disorders in Shiraz University. The samples have been selected through purposive sampling and then Random assignment into intervention (30 Samples) and control group (30 Samples). Intervention was lasted 10 weeks.

The results suggested that playing light music & story telling (with Radio) could be an alternative treatment intervention to Regulations in girls with sleep disorder. Data analysis between the mean scores of playing light music & story telling (with Radio) an alternative treatment and sleep disorder samples before and after the intervention group showed significant difference (p<0/001).

According to the results of this research, development use of Radio in dormitory of our university.

Around 800,000 to a million people die by suicide every year, making it the 10th leading cause of death worldwide.

The aim of this study was to survey contact to Mobile by psychiatrist physicians with nursing before suicide attempt in suicide attempters with anxiety & depression in outpatient hospital in Tehran.

This research is interventional. In this study one questionnaire was distributed to nursing staff working in prevention suicide Unit. The questionnaire was to assess the knowledge of the nurses with regards to essential information required for; nursing care for patients with anxiety & depression disorders. Their knowledge was then re-assessed following forward of 22 Newsletter via SMS mobile phone to the same nursing staff during a one month. The two results, before and after sending the information, was compared.

The findings of this study showed there was significant improvement in awareness and knowledge of the nurse in the bipolar disorders ward of Tehran Psychiatry Hospital before and after sending E-newsletter containing the required information, via SMS. (p<.0/05).

Knowledge about behavioral patterns of suicidal persons before suicide attempt is needed for suicide prevention programs. Many studies have shown that suicide attempters had contacts with physicians before suicide attempt. Thus it is suggested that nurses and other medical group-s uses a Distance learning by mobile in suicide programs

The aim of the study was to examine the association between specific physical diseases and suicide in older adults as well as to assess whether depression or perceived burdensomeness might be causal mechanisms.

Individual-level register data on all older adults aged 60 years and over living in Denmark during 1990-2009 (N=2,301,709) was assessed using survival analysis. Relative risks of suicide were assessed for a total of 38 physical disorders while adjusting for age, period, conjugal status, income, physical comorbidity, and psychiatric disorders among others depression. Impact was examined within short and long term after diagnose.

In all, 6,012 deaths due to suicide were observed during more than 22 mill. person-years. Presence of a physical disorders resulted in a 51% and 39% higher suicide rates for older adult men and women, respectively. Men with no physical disorders had a suicide rate of 33.0 [CI- 95%: 31.6-34.4] vs. 49.7 [47.3-52.1] among those with 1-3 physical disorders. For older adult women the corresponding figures were 14.1 [13.1- 15.2] and 19.6 [18.5-20.6], respectively.

Significantly higher rate ratios of suicide were identified for lung cancer, intestinal cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders (COPD), liver disease, and male genital disorders when compared to persons with no diagnose. Men and women diagnosed with COPD experienced a 1.8 [CI- 95%: 1.6-2.1] and 1.8 [CI-95%: 1.5-2.2] fold higher risk of suicide during first three years, respectively.

Elevated risks of suicide were identified in numerous physical disorders, also when adjusting for psychiatric comorbidity.

Ayu rveda medicine is a system of traditional medicine native to the Indian medicine and a form of alternative medicine.

The purpose of this study was to assess to the effects of Ayurveda Reduce in Women's with dysmenorrhea in Shiraz Society in 2013.

This was a quasi-experimental study which covered 40 girls with acute stress reaction in Tehran stress Society. The samples have been selected through purposive sampling and then Random assignment into intervention (20 Samples) and control group (20 Samples). Intervention was meditation classes for 6 months (24 weeks).

The results suggested that Ayurveda exercise could be an alternative exercise intervention to Reduce in women with dysmenorrhea. Data analysis between the mean scores of meditation an alternative exercise and acute stress reaction samples before and after the intervention group showed significant difference (p<0/001).

According to the results of this research, Use of complementary medicine like this Ayurveda medicine is effective in treating dysmenorrhea.

A patient page is a document describing a disease in easy-to-understand, layperson's terms. It is considered important in motivating patients and their relatives to engage in treatment. Patient pages are distributed widely in many areas of health care and typically present general information about a disease and its treatment.

We believe that the value of a patient page would be improved, if the information was placed in the context of the patient's personal clinical data. We call this a personalized patient page.

The idea of a personalized patient page is fairly new, and until now it has not been applied to the treatment of persons with mental illness. With this in mind, we developed an example of a personalized patient page for a fictional patient with depression (see sample page). When the page is implemented in the clinic, we envisage that it would be generated automatically when results from an examination are recorded in the patient's file. Furthermore, the page could be delivered to the patient's e-mail inbox or smartphone application, and the page could have an interactive design. For example, if the patient wishes to clarify or know more about ‘minor depression,’ he or she would click on that term and the relevant information would be displayed.

We predict that implementing a personalized patient page in the treatment of persons with mental illness will promote patient engagement in treatment, motivate patients to take responsibility, and lead to greater satisfaction with patient-doctor communication.

(Published in Psychiatric Services, October 2013. Figure 10.1176/appi.ps.018120130)

The aim of this study was the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and quality of life patients with lumbar and cervical disc herniation.

One hundred twenty five patient with lumbar or cervical disc herniation and fourty healthy subject were included into the study. The axis I psychiatric disorders were diagnosed with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). Depression and anxiety disorders severity and quality of life (QoL) were assessed Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment—Brief (WHOQOL-BREF), respectively. The severity of pain was assessed with Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients group were higher than control group. The QoL of patients with LDH or CDH was significantly lower in domains of physical health and social relationship. There was no statistically significant difference between the localization of disc pathology and psychiatric disorders

In conclusion, results of the present study suggest that mood and anxiety disorders were more frequently observed among patient with disc herniation. Assessment of psychiatric disorders could not only be helpful in improving QoL but may also be used to relieve pain.