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Structuralisme et empirisme: l'approche ensembliste des théories physiques

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 April 2010

Jean Leroux
Affiliation:
Université d'Ottawa

Extract

La parution de la monographic de Sneed, The Logical Structure of Mathematical Physics (1971) a suscité un renouveau d'intérêt en philosophie contemporaine des sciences. Cet ouvrage arrivait à un moment où l'épistémologie des sciences, telle que développée dans les milieux germaniques et anglo-saxons, accusait de graves insuffisances dans la reconstruction rationnelle du développement historique des théories physiques. Mis sur la défensive par les thèses et arguments historiques de Kuhn et de Feyerabend, ces milieux « orthodoxes » devaient reconnaitre l'état embryonnaire de ce qui devait être une épistémologie diachronique des sciences, une épistémologie du changement scientifique où les méthodes d'analyse formelle puissent être aussi mises á contribution. A cela s'ajoutait un certain malaise, une certaine stagnation de la problématique, plus synchronique, de l'approche traditionnelle issue du mouvement empiriste logique. Le probleme de la dichotomie langage théorique—langage observationnel, ainsi que son fidèle compagnon, le problème des termes théoriques, le statut épistémologique des règies de correspondance, la dèfinition du concept d'analyticité en science, autant de questions qui avaient été discutées et critiquées, à maintes reprises, pour aboutir à des résultats peu concluants aux yeux des philosophes, comme à ceux des physiciens préoccupés des fondements de leur discipline et à qui la teneur de cette discussion semblait souvent étrangère à la pratique scientifique.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Philosophical Association 1986

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References

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