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Investigation of endophenotype potential of decreased fractional anisotropy in pediatric bipolar disorder patients and unrelated offspring of bipolar disorder patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 May 2021

Mehmet A. Camkurt Open the ORCID record for Mehmet A. Camkurt [Opens in a new window] ,
Tomas Melicher ,
Benson Mwangi ,
Mon-Ju Wu ,
Bo Cao ,
Cristian P. Zeni ,
Jonika Tannous ,
Giovana Zunta-Soares ,
Khader Hasan  and
Marsal Sanches Open the ORCID record for Marsal Sanches [Opens in a new window]
...Show all authors
Mehmet A. Camkurt*
Affiliation:
Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
Tomas Melicher
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, UNI Downtown Clinic, University of Utah Medical School, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
Benson Mwangi
Affiliation:
Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
Mon-Ju Wu
Affiliation:
Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
Bo Cao
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Cristian P. Zeni
Affiliation:
Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
Jonika Tannous
Affiliation:
Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
Giovana Zunta-Soares
Affiliation:
Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
Khader Hasan
Affiliation:
Department of Radiology, John P. and Katherine G. McGovern Medical School at UT Health, Houston, Texas, USA
Marsal Sanches
Affiliation:
Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
Jair C. Soares
Affiliation:
Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
*
*Author for correspondence: Mehmet Akif Camkurt, MD Email: [email protected], [email protected]
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Abstract

Background

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe psychiatric disorder associated with structural and functional brain abnormalities, some of which have been found in unaffected relatives as well. In this study, we examined the potential role of decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) as a BD endophenotype, in adolescents at high risk for BD.

Methods

We included 15 offspring of patients with BD, 16 pediatric BD patients, and 16 matched controls. Diffusion weighted scans were obtained on a 3T scanner using an echo-planar sequence. Scans were segmented using FreeSurfer.

Results

Our results showed significantly decreased FA in six brain areas of offspring group; left superior temporal gyrus (LSTG; P < .0001), left transverse temporal gyrus (LTTG; P = .002), left banks of the superior temporal sulcus (LBSTS; P = .002), left anterior cingulum (LAC; P = .003), right temporal pole (RTP; P = .004) and left frontal pole (LFP; P = .017). On analysis, LSTG, LAC, and RTP demonstrated a potential to be an endophenotype when comparing all three groups. FA values in three regions, LBSTS, LTTG, and LFP were increased only in controls.

Conclusion

Our findings point at decreased FA as a possible endophenotype for BD, as they were found in children of patients with BD. Most of these areas were previously found to have morphological and functional changes in adult and pediatric BD, and are thought to play important roles in affected domains of functioning. Prospective follow up studies should be performed to detect reliability of decreased FA as an endophenotype and effects of treatment on FA.

Keywords

Diffusion tensor imagingfractional anisotropybipolar disorderendophenotypebiomarker
Type
Original Research
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 27 , Issue 6 , December 2022 , pp. 709 - 715
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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