Say stinkbug, Chlorochroa sayi Stal, is a comparatively new pest of wheat and other seed crops in Western Canada. In the past ten years it frequently has caused severe damage to wheat in many localized areas.

The new genera and species described below are based upon material collected largely in the western United States and Canada. The types represented by Canadian material, which was loaned for study through the courtesy of A. R. Brooks, are returned to the National Collection at Ottawa. Unless otherwise specified under the descriptions, the remainder of the type specimens are in my collection.

Atmospheric convection is a process which involves the more or less vertical motion of air currents. During the discussion of winds (Part II), the writer indicated that winged insects inactivated by low temperatures, or wingless insects within any temperature zone, required vertical currents for support, and for assistance in horizontal transport, rather than horizontal currents alone, regardless of the strength of the latter currents. In the following pages, the process known as thermal convection will be considered as a means for the vertical and horizontal distribution of insects.

For several years experiments on codling moth control have been carried on in a large old pear orchard near Beamsville in the Niagara Peninsula, Ontario. This orchard comprises about nine acres of several varieties but predominantly Bartlett, and has been established for about 80 years. It is more or less isolated from other large pear or apple orchards.

In 1866, Dr. J. L. LeConte described Podabrus fayi and Podabrus protensus. He compared P. fayi and Podabrus tomentosus (Say) noting the differences but failing to indicate any similarity to P. protensus. P. fayi was cited as having black elytra whereas P. protensus was described as having a long tapering neck and with the elytra blackish with the basal fifth and the outer margin as far as the middle reddish yellow, the two colors shading imperceptibly together.

During a recent visit to the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, Mass., undertaken primarily for the purpose of studying Chambers' Coleophorid types, I naturally took advantage of the opportunity to examine the numerous types of Geometridae incorporated from the Packard, Swett and Cassino collections. In consequence I was enabled to clear up a number of points which had been worrying me for some time and in the following notes I offer the main results of such studies.

In the course of investigating the distribution of plague in the western part of the United States, the field units of the U. S. Public Health Service have collected several species of the genera Dactylopsylla and Foxella. Among these collections there are three new species of Dactylopsylla and one new sub-species of Foxella whose characteristics are as follows:

Dactylopsylla neomexicana n. sp.

This species is close to Dactylopsylla bluei (C. Fox).

The following new species were bred in the course of Insect Faunal Survey work carried on in various parts of Ontario.

Coleophora salicivorella n. sp.

Palpi deep smoky, pale whitish inwardly and narrowly along ventral edge of secon joint: ventro-apical tuft on second joint well developed. Antennae with the basal joint deep smoky and slightly tufted, otherwise whitish, annulate with brown.

A large, finely punctate, vittate species having the facies of a giant form of D. griseostriatus (Degeer), and to a lesser degree resembling very large specimens of Hygrotus unguacularis (Crotch). Readily distinguished from the described Nearctic Deronectes by the narrowly separated and nearly parallel metacoxal lines.

It is often important to the successful conclusion of insect field-studies to know the air temperatures which govern insect activities, particularly the minimum temperature at which flight occurs. In the field, this is usually a matter of continued observations on the relative abundance of a species, correlated to some degree with observations on the air temperatures at the times of abundance or of flight.

It has always been presumed that the rabbit tick would not feed on man, and a careful search of the literature fails to show any record of it doing so. Therefore the following incident that occurred during February, 1945, is of interest.

Urbanus doryssus (Swains.)

A fresh specimen of this species was observed feeding on papaya blossoms, X-28-44, at Pharr, Texas, by the writer. Two ♂ ♂ were eventually collected near the same spot by the writer, one III-10-45 and the other III-II-45. These two specimens are the first and only ones collected in the United States.

A number of our species of North American Coleophoridae are characterized by their unicolorous dark gray-brown forewings and lack of a prominent basal tuft on the antennae, making an identification of the individual species a rather difficult matter unless recourse be had to genitalic characters which in both sexes offer excellent means of separation.

In 1885 von Ernst Girschner described a remarkable Carcelia-like fly from the Thuringian district of central Germany which was noteworthy in that it possessed a number of paired plumose hairs on the head. The facial hairs were the more noticeable as they originate not on the facialia or parafacialia as normal bristles, but apparently in the ptilinal groove between the two regions, two pairs being found here and three pairs on the anterior part of the front.

The species described below has been standing in the collection under the name Tabanus cinctus F. for a number of years, and only after the capture of a number of the true cinctus (Blanche, Que., July 18, 1941, and Marmora, Ont., 14. VII. 1942) was the error recognized.

The use of mechanical methods in control of the eastern tent caterpillar was emphasized in an earlier paper (Sweetman, 1940). That report which covered the five-year period 1936-1940 is now brought up through the season of 1945. The site has changed little since 1940 except for the annual increment of plant growth. The wild cherries are more numerous, and the older trees are much taller. The variation in abundance of tents each year follows that of the surrounding area showing that migration into the grounds occurs continually.

The economic entomologist is concerned with the eradication or control of insect infestations, or with the restriction of spread of pest-species. In the course of such work, he is often confronted with the appearance of new infestations in cleared or virgin areas. These infiltrations from other source regions originate, in part, from the gradual extensions of other foci by flights or migratory movements, and, also from the intervention of air currents.

The pale western cutworm, Agrotis orthogonia Morr, has been a serious pest in the semi-arid prairies of Western Canada since 1911. Only recently, however, has an effective control been developed which can be used in the spring of the year of outbreak. Seamans (1938), after many years of field observations, published a non-technical bulletin dealing with a method of control by starving the small cutworms early in the spring.