In the September (1893) number of the Canadian Entomologist, page 221, Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell described under the above name a Lecanium found at Ottawa upon an ornamental cedar on the Experimental Farm. Only a few specimens were found at that time upon three or four bushes of a shrub which we have tunder the name of Thuja Sibirica.

In describing the larval characters of this family (Proceedings of the Boston Society Natural History, 1894, p. 399),I followed the arrangement of generic terms in Smith's list; but I believe that it can be improved. So I would arrange the genera of this neat little family as follows (following Hampson):-

Fore wing with a tuft of scales at internal angle.

Perhaps the following short account of a few days' spring collecting here may be of interest to readers of the Canadian Entomologist.

The locality I have worked from during the two years that I have been in the country, is close to the mouth of Fish Creek, about twelve miles south of Calgary, and a mile from the right bank (south) of Bow River. I have a fellow worker about nine miles further west, near the head of Pine Creek, by name Mr. Arthur Hudson, a keen observer, and, I believe, the only entomologist besides myself who has ever collected here for a whole season, and between us we are at present almost daily increasing the list of macro-lepidoptera found around Calgary. We have already over fifty species of butterflies on the list, with three or four more doubtful species, and are confident that we shall be able to make several additions during the coming season. Of the moths, more particularly the Noctuidæ (and their name here is certainly Legion!), new comers never cease, as I think Prof. Smith can testify. When Mr. Elwes paid me a visit in July, 1893, he asked: “Treacle is not much used here, is it?” I replied that I had only been “at it” for a month, and was fairly well pleased with the result, though of course my take might have been exceptional. Were I asked the same question now, I should, without hesitation, reply: “Well, just isn't it, that's all, and from June to October, too!” During last July I not unfrequently counted from sixty to eighty moths on a treacle patch about eighteen inches long and three or four wide, comprising about fifteen or sixteen species. A sight such as that, however, certainly is exceptional. However, I have other modes of collecting to speak of now, as at this early date treacle is scarcely worth working.

In my check list, New york, May, 1882, I first proposed the collective term Cydosiœ, having for its sub-family type the wellknown Cydosia nobilitella. I associated with it penthetria, Hy. Ed., not from any study of this genus, unknown to me in nature, but merely on the strength of certain of Mr. Edwards's remarks. This latter genus, under the name Tantura, Kirby, is now referred to the Lithosiidœ by Neumoegen and Dyar, and probably correctly. I excluded the gents Oeta, previously referred here, as I believed it to belong to the Tineidœ, as indicated by Zeller. To this sub-family Cydosiinœ, Grote, the genus Cerathosia is also referred by Neumoegen and Dyar, following Smith's more recent opinion.

The genus Kermes of modern authors contains about a dozen subglobular forms, found on oaks, with one exception. These insects might be taken for species of Lecanium, but a microscopial examination of their characters, especially in the larva, shows that they are quite distinct from that genus.

I am scarcely warranted in attempting a detailed table of this genus, because a number of species are known to me only by a single sex; but in looking over the material, it can be readily perceived that there are two sections, the first represented by quercus, oregonensis and depressus, being characterized by great sexual differences in the mandibles, and the second, represented by all the other species, having the mandibles unmodified in the male. The second section may be divided into three groups: the first, represented by Agassii, pacificus and parvicollis, which, judging by analogy, have the hind tarsi long and slender in both sexes; the second, composed of californicus and thoracicus, having the hind tarsi short, at least in the female; and the third, with stout and triangular tibiæ, at present represented by Keeni alone.

(1) Lecanium caryœ, Fitch, var. canadense, v. nov.

♀ scale smooth, shiny, red-brown, convex, malleate, but not or hardly plicate. Length 4, breadth 3, height 2 mm., varying to length 5, breadth 4, height 3 mm. (Some Maine specimens 6 mm. long.) Removed from the twigs, the scales leave an oval white mark. (Nappan scales are paler and more yellowish, also somewhat smaller. Posterior incision perhaps a little longer; scales also rather more tending to be plicate.)

The fauna of Puget Sound [as shown by a collection of fifty species of Hymenoptera from Seattle, Washington, kindly sent me by Prof. O. B. Johnson, of the University of Washington] is most like that of Canada, no genera differing.

Sphex Lucæ, Sauss, and Astata montana, Cress., are interesting exceptions.

Elachistus ohioensis (MS.)Ashmead.—Reared from pupæ, in which stage it probably passes the winter; found November 7th, within the shells of beech-nuts, the kernels of which had been attacked and eaten by some kind of larva which had burrowed out these kernels, leaving only a mass of excrement. A hole in the shells indicated an attack similiar to that of some species of Balaninus, though, as I found no larvæ of them, it was impossible to learn their exact nature. Locality, Wooster, Ohio.

Cirrospilus flavicinctus, Riley.—This was described in Lintner's First Report as being reared from Bucculatrix pomifoliella, Clemens, in Missouri, and also New York. My rearings were from Aspidisca splendoriferella, Clem., the cocoons of which were collected near Cleveland, Ohio.

On July 9, 1892, I found in the Grand Canon, Arizona on the Hance trail, near the Colorado River, numbers of the green galls of this species on the narrow-leafed Salix sp. (probably S. longifolia.) Three that were picked on this date measure 19 to 20 mm. in length, and 11 mm. in width on widest portion near base. They preserve their light green colour, except for their whitish, thick pubescence. Some last year's galls were also found in the canon on the willows near the stone cabin. They measure 16 to 17 mm. in length, and 10 to 11 mm. in width. They are more spread out apically; therefore not conical in outline, and are reddish-brown in colour, probably from being weathered.

The Abbe Provancher described two species of Synairema from North America, one from the Atlantic region and one from the pacific region; a second species, from the Pacific region, isdescribed below. The genus Synairema is considered as a synonym of perineura, by Kirby.

A. Abdominal segments each with three dorsal rows of bristles; whole insect very heavily spined and bristles; antennal groove in middle of head; bristles on joint 2 of antennæ longer than joint 3; maxillary palpi in female with joint 2 four-fifths of 4, and 3 two-thirds of 4; labial palpi reaching to one-third of anterior femora; pronotal comb of 20 spines; in anterior tarsi joint 3 two-thirds of 2 and shorter than 1,5 twice 4 and less than 1 and 2 together.

In August last, when visiting Mr. E. Firmstone Heath, of The Hermitage, near Cartwright, Man., I had an opportunity of examining his fine local collection of Lepidoptera, which consists of twelve cases of well-set and preserved butterflies and moths. Among the butterflies were some species, the occurrence of which in Southern Manitoba surprised me very much.

Mr. Heath's residence is situated in a beautiful wooded valley, and on the bank of a small winding river, the Indian name of which means the “Long River which runs crookedly.” The trees on the banks of the valley, which is about a mile wide at The Hermitage, are chiefly scrub oaks (Quercus macrocarpa), ash-leaved maples, aspen and balsam poplar (white and black poplar of the settlers), Saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia), white thorn (Cratœgus coccinea), wild plum, a few American elms, choke-cherry, and various willows. The locality is undoubtedly a rich one, presenting a great variety of natural habitat for insects. The general character of the country surrounding the valley is a rolling grassy prairie, here and there broken by farms, and bluffs of white poplar.

Length, 13. mm.; ceph., 4.2 mm long, 3 mm. wide. Cephalothorax very dark brown, covered with blackhairs, clypeus with white hairs and some white scales on the lower sides; a bunch of stiff hairs behind the eyes of second row; mandibles red-brown, iridescent greenish near tip; sternum brown with black hairs. Abdomen black, a narrorw basal line of white, and broad side stripes of white which do not quite reach to the tip; just beyond the middle the side stripes indent the central black area; sides black and venter blackish; legs black, bases of metatarsi reddish. The cephalothorax is moderately high, narrower than in the allied species, the quadrangle wider behind, the anterior row much curved, the S. E. small and well separated from the M.E., the eyes of second row almost twice as near to the lateral as to the dorsal. The posterior metatarsi are more slender than usual, and spined only at tip.

The advent of another collecting season finds me with a very large proportion of my last year's captures still undetermined, and in many instances even unexamined. A few remarks, however, in regard to my success with the Hymenoptera may induce some of our younger members to pay more attention to this order. Probably 500 species were collected, a large proportion of which were of the smaller forms, and it seemed, indeed, that many of the larger species were much less numerous than in some seasons. Special attention was given to the collection of the microhymenoptera, for these are so poorly represented in canadian collections. In making a rough summary of the species, I find about 125 species belonging to the Aculeata, and 100 to the Phytophaga the remainder being distributed among the different families of parasitic forms. There are many interesting additions to my collection, and many gaps have been filled in. Mr. Ashmead's monograph of the Proctotrypids has made it abundantly evident that the knowledge of the Canadian species was very limited, and I made a special effort to obtain as many examples as possible. I took altogether about 350 specimens, and now find that over 50 species are represented. This will give any collector an idea of what he may expect to secure if he have the necessary patience to preserve and mount so much small and inconspicuous material.

Within a short time two very interesting species (4-notatus, Ash., and taurulus, Ckll.) have been added to this genus. I have lately received another new species from Mr. Chas. Palm, of New York City, collected in S. W. Utah, which is even more interesting than the two above mentioned. I describe it herewith:

Aphilanthops utahensis, n. sp.—Male: Length, 7.5 mm. Rufous; region of ocelli, mesonotum, metapleura, and fifth and sixth abdominal segments above, blackish. Markings pale lemon-yellow. Head evenly, somewhat sparsely punctate, covered with silvery pubescence, which is very dense on the face, extending over the bases of the mandibles in two pointed tufts. Clypeus with a yellow spot on either side, the median lobe strongly tridentate, the teeth short and blunt. Antennæ with scape yellow; flagellum slightly darker above.

There seems to be some misapprehension in regard to the validity of our species of Pamphila, and inasmuch as I have been studying our Hesperidæ for some years past, I thought some remarks on the subject would not be inappropriate. We now have in this genus ninety-six species as they would apper in a list according to the generally accepted specific values. With the exception of about two groups, I consider the species remarkably well defined and constant, and if you one become thoroughly familiar with them, there is not the slighest difficulty in separating any of them at sight.

Aegiale Streckeri, n. sp., ♂.—Expands from2¼ inches to 3 inches. Upper side.—Superiors rich brown, but not as bright, nor has the brown as much red in it, as in yuccœ. There are three sub-apical costal white spots; a lemon-yellow spot at end of cell; there is a row of five yellow spots running across the wing, parallel with the exterior margin; the upper two are small and square in shape; the lowe three are small and triangular, and there is one in each of the three median interspaces. The inferiors have a yellow marginal border about 1/8 inch in width, the wing being otherwise immaculate, and is clothed with long, silky brown hair. Under side.—Superiors have the spots repeated. Inferiors are gray with a varying number of small white spots—one specimen having two and the other five. The female is larger and has the same number of spots as the male; the three sub-apical spots are white and the remainder yellow; in the female the five spots on the wing are in two series, the two upper being nearer the exterior margin, and the three lower are nearer the base; in the other words, they do not form a continuous line as in the male. This species has been confounded, in collections, with cofaqui, Strecker, which was described froma female. The male of cofaqui, is marked practically like the female, but the male has the long hair on the inferiors as in the new species.

In 1869 Signoret described a species from Switzerland as Chionaspisalni It was found on the bark of the alder (Alnus communis). This species has never been seen in America, but in 1883 Comstock announced a form from alder and Viburnum as Chionaspis Lintneri. Since the latter date our knowledge of the matter seems to have remained without additions. Mr. James Fletcher has just sent me a Chionaspis plentifully infesting the bark of Betula papyrifera from Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, about 46° N. lat. I examined this with interest, owing to the locality and the host plant, and on comparing it with Comstock's account of C. Lintneri, I have no doubt that it is the same.