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The spatio-temporal distribution of juvenile hake (Merluccius gayi gayi) off central southern Chile (1997–2006)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2011

Marcelo A. San Martín ,
Luis A. Cubillos  and
Juan Carlos Saavedra
Marcelo A. San Martín
Affiliation:
Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, Blanco 839, Valparaíso, Chile
Luis A. Cubillos*
Affiliation:
EPOMAR, Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
Juan Carlos Saavedra
Affiliation:
Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, Blanco 839, Valparaíso, Chile
*
a Corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

The Chilean hake (Merluccius gayi gayi) is the predominant groundfish species inhabiting the southern Humboldt, mainly from Coquimbo (29° S) to Puerto Montt (42° S). At present there is only limited knowledge on the spatial distribution of juveniles of this species, particularly concerning its dependence on key physical characteristics. On the basis of annual surveys carried out during austral winters from 1997 to 2006, changes in the presence of juveniles were studied using Generalized Additive Model techniques. Temporal factors and spatial effects were more important than single physical variables in explaining the presence of juvenile hake (<34 cm total length). Juvenile hake had a preference for shallower waters. Although salinity and oxygen were significant, their contribution was marginal. Juvenile hake seem to prefer shallow oxygenated waters, but the nonlinear relationships and partial secondary peaks detected in salinity and oxygen probably only reflected the influence of three water masses found in the winter habitat. Endogenous factors could be more important in determining temporal and spatial changes in the proportion of juvenile hake. An important change in the presence of juveniles has occurred since 2004, coinciding with a significant decline in biomass of adult hake. It is postulated that cannibalism pressure from adults has probably declined and that spatial and temporal changes in the presence of juvenile hake seem to be more associated with fishery-induced demographic effects.

Keywords

Acoustic surveyFish distributionMidwater trawlPresence-absenceHakeGAM
Type
Research Article
Information
Aquatic Living Resources , Volume 24 , Issue 2 , April 2011 , pp. 161 - 168
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, IFREMER, IRD 2011

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