In 1793, Condorcet drafted a brief history of The Progress of the Human Mind. He traced its development over ten stages from tribal societies up through the Enlightenment. The tenth stage was a prognosis for the future. It was most optimistic. Scientific progress would continue to bring rising living standards and life expectancies; as a result, states would introduce retirement insurance; income equality would increase both across and within countries; universal education would be introduced; free trade, democracy, and human rights would all triumph. Condorcet went so far as to advocate the development of a universal language to facilitate communication across the globe and, of course, to speed up the advance of science.