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Chapter 19 - Neonatal Thrombosis

from Section VI - Hemostatic Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 January 2021

By
Gary Woods  and
Matthew A. Saxonhouse
Edited by
Pedro A. de Alarcón ,
Eric J. Werner ,
Robert D. Christensen  and
Martha C. Sola-Visner
Pedro A. de Alarcón
Affiliation:
University of Illinois College of Medicine
Eric J. Werner
Affiliation:
Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters
Robert D. Christensen
Affiliation:
University of Utah
Martha C. Sola-Visner
Affiliation:
Harvard University, Massachusetts
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Summary

Thromboembolism (TE) in pediatrics is relatively rare compared with adults, with an estimated venous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence of 0.07–0.14/10,000 children [1, 2]. A bimodal age distribution has been well demonstrated in the pediatric VTE population and children less than 1 year of age, especially those less than 1 month of age, are most commonly affected [1, 2]. The incidence of VTE in this very young population, particularly when hospitalized, is increasing [3–6]. Between 1997 and 2018, up to a 13-fold increase in neonatal TE incidence has been described in all live births and a greater than six-fold increase in neonatal TE incidence has been described for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions [4–7]. This increase has been attributed to improving survival rates in critically ill and/or premature neonates, the increased utilization of central venous catheters (CVC), and a much greater awareness of VTE and the associated risk factors in this population [3, 6, 8, 9]. The aim of this chapter is to review the congenital and acquired risk factors associated with neonatal TE and to discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of this rare complication that has been shown to significantly impact the morbidity and mortality rates of those afflicted [1–3, 8].

Type
Chapter
Information
Neonatal Hematology
Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Hematologic Problems
 , pp. 312 - 328
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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