Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T01:41:23.289Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

References

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2022

Andrea D. Sims
Affiliation:
Ohio State University
Adam Ussishkin
Affiliation:
University of Arizona
Jeff Parker
Affiliation:
Brigham Young University, Utah
Samantha Wray
Affiliation:
Dartmouth College, New Hampshire
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aalberse, Suzanne. 2009. Inflectional economy and politeness: Morphology-internal and morphology-external factors in the loss of second person marking in Dutch. Utrecht: LOT.Google Scholar
Abner, Natasha, Flaherty, Molly, Stangl, Katelyn, Coppola, Marie, and Brentari, Diane. 2019. The noun-verb distinction in established and emergent sign languages. Language 95(2): 230–267.Google Scholar
Ackerman, Farrell, Blevins, James P., and Malouf, Robert. 2009. Parts and wholes: Implicative patterns in inflectional paradigms. In Analogy in grammar: Form and acquisition, edited by Blevins, James P. and Blevins, Juliette, 54–81. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ackerman, Farrell and Malouf, Robert. 2013. Morphological organization: The low conditional entropy conjecture. Language 89: 429–464.Google Scholar
Ackerman, Farrell, Malouf, Robert, and Blevins, James P.. 2016. Patterns and discriminability in language analysis. Word Structure 9: 132–155.Google Scholar
Ackerman, Farrell and Nikolaeva, Irina. 2014. Descriptive typology and linguistic theory: A study in the morphosyntax of relative clauses. Stanford, CA: CSLI.Google Scholar
Adelman, James S., Brown, Gordon D.A., and Quesada, José F.. 2006. Contextual diversity, not word frequency, determines word-naming and lexical decision times. Psychological Science 17(9): 814–823.Google Scholar
Albright, Adam and Hayes, Bruce. 2002. Modeling English past tense intuitions with minimal generalization. In Proceedings of the Sixth Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics Special Interest Group in Computational Morphology and Phonology, edited by Maxwell, Michael, 58–69. Cambridge, MA: Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Albright, Adam and Hayes, Bruce. 2006. Modeling productivity with the gradual learning algorithm: The problem of accidentally exceptionless generalizations. In Gradience in grammar: Generative perspectives, edited by Fanselow, Gisbert, Féry, Caroline, Vogel, Ralf, and Schlesewsky, Matthias, 185–204. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Allopenna, Paul D., Magnuson, James S., and Tanenhaus, Michael K.. 1998. Tracking the time course of spoken word recognition using eye movements: Evidence for continuous mapping models. Journal of Memory and Language 38(4): 419–439.Google Scholar
Ambridge, Ben, Pine, Julian M., and Lieven, Elena. 2014. Child language acquisition: Why universal grammar doesn’t help. Language 90(3): e53–e90.Google Scholar
Amenta, Simona and Crepaldi, Davide. 2012. Morphological processing as we know it: An analytical review of morphological effects in visual word identification. Frontiers in Psychology 3(232): 1–12. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00232Google Scholar
Amenta, Simona, Crepaldi, Davide, and Marelli, Marco. 2020. Consistency measures individuate dissociating semantic modulations in priming paradigms: A new look on semantics in the processing of (complex) words. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 73(10): 1546–1563.Google Scholar
Amundson, Ron. 1996. Historical development of the concept of adaptation. In Adaptation, edited by Rose, Michael R. and Lauder, George V., 11–53. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Amundson, Ron. 2005. The changing role of the embryo in evolutionary thought: Roots of evo-devo. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Anderson, Stephen R. 1992. A-morphous morphology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andrews, Sally. 2013. Is morphological priming stronger for transparent than opaque words? It depends on individual differences in spelling and vocabulary. Journal of Memory and Language 68(3): 279–296.Google Scholar
Andrews, Sally and Davis, Colin. 1999. Interactive activation accounts of morphological decomposition: Finding the trap in mousetrap? Brain and Language 68(1): 355–361.Google Scholar
Anshen, Frank and Aronoff, Mark. 1981. Morphological productivity and phonological transparency. Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue Canadienne de Linguistique 26(1): 63–72.Google Scholar
Aquilina, Joseph. 1990. Maltese–English dictionary. Valletta, Malta: Midsea Books.Google Scholar
Arnold, Denis, Tomaschek, Fabian, Sering, Konstantin, Lopez, Florence, and Baayen, R. Harald. 2017. Words from spontaneous conversational speech can be recognized with human-like accuracy by an error-driven learning algorithm that discriminates between meanings straight from smart acoustic features, bypassing the phoneme as recognition unit. PloS ONE 12(4): Article e0174623.Google Scholar
Arnon, Inbal and Ramscar, Michael. 2012. Granularity and the acquisition of grammatical gender: How order-of-acquisition affects what gets learned. Cognition 122(3): 292–305.Google Scholar
Aronoff, Mark. 1976. Word formation in generative grammar. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Aronoff, Mark. 1994. Morphology by itself: Stems and inflectional classes. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Arppe, Antti, Hendrix, Peter, Milin, Petar, Baayen, R. Harald, Sering, Tino, and Shaoul, Cyrus. 2015. ndl: Naive discriminative learning. Available online: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ndlGoogle Scholar
Arthur, Wallace. 2004. Biased embryos and evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Aylett, Matthew and Turk, Alice. 2004. The smooth signal redundancy hypothesis: A functional explanation for relationships between redundancy, prosodic prominence, and duration in spontaneous speech. Language and Speech 47(1): 31–56.Google Scholar
Aylett, Matthew and Turk, Alice. 2006. Language redundancy predicts syllabic duration and the spectral characteristics of vocalic syllable nuclei. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 119(5): 3048–3058.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baayen, R. Harald. 1993. On frequency, transparency and productivity. In Yearbook of morphology 1992, edited by Booij, Geert and van Marle, Jaap, 181–208. Dordrecht: Springer.Google Scholar
Baayen, R. Harald. 2001. Word frequency distributions. Dordrecht: Kluwer.Google Scholar
Baayen, R. Harald. 2009. Corpus linguistics in morphology: Morphological productivity. In Corpus linguistics: An international handbook, vol. 2, edited by Lüdeling, Anke and Kytö, Merja, 899–919. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Baayen, R. Harald, Chuang, Yu-Ying, Shafaei-Bajestan, Elnaz, and Blevins, James P.. 2019. The discriminative lexicon: A unified computational model for the lexicon and lexical processing in comprehension and production grounded not in (de)composition but in linear discriminative learning. Complexity (2019): 1–39.Google Scholar
Baayen, R. Harald, Dijkstra, Ton, and Schreuder, Robert. 1997. Singulars and plurals in Dutch: Evidence for a parallel dual route model. Journal of Memory and Language 36: 94–117.Google Scholar
Baayen, R. Harald and Hendrix, Peter. 2016. Two-layer networks, non-linear separation, and human learning. In From semantics to dialectometry, edited by Wieling, Martijn, Bouma, Gosse, and van Noord, Gertjan, 1–11. Groningen: University of Groningen.Google Scholar
Baayen, R. Harald, Milin, Petar, Filipović Đurđević, Dušica, Hendrix, Peter, and Marelli, Marco. 2011. An amorphous model for morphological processing in visual comprehension based on naive discriminative learning. Psychological Review 118(3): 438–481.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baayen, R. Harald, Piepenbrock, Richard, and Gulikers, Leon. 1995. The CELEX Lexical Database (Release 2) [CD-ROM]. Philadelphia: Linguistic Data Consortium; distr., University of Pennsylvania.Google Scholar
Baayen, R. Harald and Ramscar, Michael. 2015. Abstraction, storage and naive discriminative learning. In Handbook of cognitive linguistics, edited by Dąbrowska, Ewa and Divjak, Dagmar, 100–119. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar
Baayen, R. Harald and Schreuder, Robert. 1999. War and peace: Morphemes and full forms in a noninteractive activation parallel dual-route model. Brain and Language 68(1–2): 27–32.Google Scholar
Baayen, R. Harald, Wurm, Lee H., and Aycock, Joanna. 2007. Lexical dynamics for low-frequency complex words: A regression study across tasks and modalities. The Mental Lexicon 2(3): 419–463.Google Scholar
Baerman, Matthew. 2016. Seri verb classes: Morphosyntactic motivation and morphological autonomy. Language 92(4): 792–823.Google Scholar
Baerman, Matthew, Brown, Dunstan, and Corbett, Greville G.. 2005. The syntax-morphology interface: A study of syncretism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Baerman, Matthew, Brown, Dunstan, and Corbett, Greville G.. 2017. Morphological complexity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bailey, Todd M. and Hahn, Ulrike. 2001. Determinants of wordlikeness: Phonotactics or lexical neighborhoods? Journal of Memory and Language 44(4): 568–591.Google Scholar
Baker, C.L. 1979. Syntactic theory and the projection problem. Linguistic Inquiry 10(4): 533–581.Google Scholar
Baker, Mark. 2001. Atoms of language: The mind’s hidden rules of grammar. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Baker, Mark. 2008. The macroparameter in a microparametric world. In The limits of syntactic variation, edited by Biberauer, Theresa, 351–373. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Baker, Mark and McCloskey, Jim. 2007. On the relationship of typology to theoretical syntax. Linguistic Typology 11(1): 285–296.Google Scholar
Balling, Laura Winther and Baayen, R. Harald. 2008. Morphological effects in auditory word recognition: Evidence from Danish. Language and Cognitive Processes 23(7–8): 1159–1190.Google Scholar
Balota, David A. and Chumbley, James I.. 1984. Are lexical decisions a good measure of lexical access? The role of word frequency in the neglected decision stage. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 10(3): 340–357.Google Scholar
Barr, Dale J., Levy, Roger, Scheepers, Christoph, and Tily, Harry J.. 2013. Random effects structure for confirmatory hypothesis testing: Keep it maximal. Journal of Memory and Language 68(3): 255–278.Google Scholar
Bat-El, Outi. 1994. Stem modification and cluster transfer in Modern Hebrew. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 12(4): 571–596.Google Scholar
Bat-El, Outi. 2003a. The fate of the consonantal root and the binyan Optimality Theory. Recherches linguistiques de Vincennes 32(1): 31–60.Google Scholar
Bat-El, Outi. 2003b. Semitic verb structure within a universal perspective. Language Acquisition and Language Disorders 28: 29–60.Google Scholar
Bates, Douglas, Mächler, Martin, Bolker, Benjamin M., and Walker, Steve C.. 2015. Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. Journal of Statistical Software 67(1): 1–48.Google Scholar
Bates, Elizabeth, Devescovi, Antonella, and Wulfeck, Beverly. 2001. Psycholinguistics: A cross-language perspective. Annual Review of Psychology 52: 369–396.Google Scholar
Bates, Elizabeth and MacWhinney, Brian. 1987. Competition, variation, and language learning. In Mechanisms of language acquisition, edited by MacWhinney, Brian, 157–194. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Bauer, Laurie. 1983. English word formation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bauer, Laurie. 1988. A descriptive gap in morphology. In Yearbook of morphology 1998, edited by Booij, Geert and van Marle, Jaap, 17–27. Dordrecht: Kluwer.Google Scholar
Bauer, Laurie. 2001. Morphological productivity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bauer, Laurie, Lieber, Rochelle, and Plag, Ingo. 2013. The Oxford reference guide to English morphology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Beckner, Clay and Bybee, Joan L.. 2009. A usage-based account of constituency and reanalysis. Language Learning 59(1): 27–46.Google Scholar
Beniamine, Sacha, Bonami, Olivier, and Sagot, Benoît. 2018. Inferring inflection classes with description length. Journal of Language Modelling 5(3): 465–525.Google Scholar
Bentz, Christian. 2018. Adaptive languages: An information-theoretic account of linguistic diversity. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar
Berent, Iris, Vaknin, Vered, and Marcus, Gary F.. 2007. Roots, stems, and the universality of lexical representations: Evidence from Hebrew. Cognition 104(2): 254–286.Google Scholar
Bergen, Benjamin K. 2004. The psychological reality of phonaesthemes. Language 80(2): 290–311.Google Scholar
Berrebi, Si. 2017. The roots of consonant bias: A psycholinguistic study of phonological facilitation in Hebrew. M.A. thesis, Tel-Aviv University.Google Scholar
Bertram, Raymond, Baayen, R. Harald, and Schreuder, Robert. 2000a. Effects of family size for complex words. Journal of Memory and Language 42(3): 390–405.Google Scholar
Bertram, Raymond, Hyönä, Jukka, and Laine, Matti. 2000b. The role of context in morphological processing: Evidence from Finnish. Language and Cognitive Processes 15(4–5): 367–388.Google Scholar
Bertram, Raymond, Laine, Matti, and Karvinen, Katja. 1999. The interplay of word formation type, affixal homonymy, and productivity in lexical processing: Evidence from a morphologically rich language. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 28(3): 213–226.Google Scholar
Bertram, Raymond, Pollatsek, Alexander, and Hyönä, Jukka. 2004. Morphological parsing and the use of segmentation cues in reading Finnish compounds. Journal of Memory and Language 51(3): 325–345.Google Scholar
Bertram, Raymond, Schreuder, Robert, and Baayen, R. Harald. 2000c. The balance of storage and computation in morphological processing: The role of word formation type, affixal homonymy and productivity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 26(2): 489–511.Google Scholar
Beyersmann, Elisabeth, Casalis, Séverine, Ziegler, Johannes C., and Grainger, Jonathan. 2015. Language proficiency and morpho-orthographic segmentation. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 22(4): 1054–1061.Google Scholar
Beyersmann, Elisabeth, Cavalli, Eddy, Casalis, Séverine, and Colé, Pascale. 2016. Embedded stem priming effects in prefixed and suffixed pseudowords. Scientific Studies of Reading 20(3): 220–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bick, Atira S., Goelman, Gadi, and Frost, Ram. 2011. Hebrew brain vs. English brain: Language modulates the way it is processed. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23(9): 2280–2290.Google Scholar
Bickel, Balthasar. 2007. Typology in the 21st century: Major current developments. Linguistic Typology 11(1): 239–251.Google Scholar
Bickel, Balthasar. 2015. Distributional typology: Statistical inquiries into the dynamics of linguistic diversity. In Oxford handbook of linguistic analysis, edited by Heine, Bernd and Narrog, Heiko, 901–924. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bickel, Balthasar and Nichols, Johanna. 2007. Inflectional morphology. In Language typology and syntactic description, 2nd ed., edited by Shopen, Timothy, 169–240. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bilgin, Orhan. 2016. Frequency effects in the processing of morphologically complex Turkish words. M.A. thesis, Boğaziçi University.Google Scholar
Bird, Steven, Klein, Ewan, and Loper, Edward. 2009. Natural language processing with Python. Beijing: O’Reilly Media Inc.Google Scholar
Blevins, James P. 2016. Word and paradigm morphology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Blevins, James P., Ackerman, Farrell, Malouf, Rob, and Ramscar, Michael. 2016. Morphology as an adaptive discriminative system. In Morphological metatheory, edited by Siddiqi, Daniel and Harley, Heidi, 271–302. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Blevins, Juliette. 2004. Evolutionary phonology: The emergence of sound patterns. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Blythe, Richard A. and Croft, William. 2012. S-curves and the mechanisms of propagation in language change. Language 88(2): 269–304.Google Scholar
Blythe, Richard A. and Croft, William. 2021. How individuals change language. PLoS ONE 16(6): Article e0252582. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252582Google Scholar
Bobaljik, Jonathan David. 2008. Missing persons: A case study in morphological universals. Linguistic Review 25(1–2): 203–230.Google Scholar
Bochner, Harry. 1992. Simplicity in generative morphology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Boersma, Paul and Weenink, David. 2017. Praat: Doing phonetics by computer [computer program]. Available online: http://www.praat.org/Google Scholar
Bolozky, Shmuel. 1999. Measuring productivity in word formation: The case of Israeli Hebrew. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Bonami, Olivier and Beniamine, Sacha. 2016. Joint predictiveness in inflectional paradigms. Word Structure 9(2): 156–182.Google Scholar
Bonami, Olivier and Henri, Fabiola. 2010. Assessing empirically the inflectional complexity of Mauritian Creole. Paper presented at Formal Aspects of Creole Studies II, Berlin, November 9, 2010.Google Scholar
Bonami, Olivier, McDonough, Joyce, and Beniamine, Sacha. 2019. When segmentation helps: Implicative structure and morph boundaries in the Navajo verb. MS, Université de Paris and Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.Google Scholar
Bonami, Olivier and Strnadová, Jana. 2019. Paradigm structure and predictability in derivational morphology. Morphology 29: 167–197.Google Scholar
Booij, Geert. 2005. The grammar of words. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Booij, Geert. 2010. Construction morphology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Boudelaa, Sami and Marslen-Wilson, William D.. 2000. Non-concatenative morphemes in language processing: Evidence from Modern Standard Arabic. In Proceedings of the workshop on spoken word access processes, edited by Cutler, Anne, McQueen, James M., and Zondervan, Rian, 23–26. Nijmegen, The Netherlands: Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics.Google Scholar
Boudelaa, Sami and Marslen-Wilson, William D.. 2004. Allomorphic variation in Arabic: Implications for lexical processing and representation. Brain and Language 90(1): 106–116.Google Scholar
Boudelaa, Sami and Marslen-Wilson, William D.. 2005. Discontinuous morphology in time: Incremental masked priming in Arabic. Language and Cognitive Processes 20(1–2): 207–260.Google Scholar
Boudelaa, Sami and Marslen-Wilson, William D.. 2011. Productivity and priming: Morphemic decomposition in Arabic. Language and Cognitive Processes 26(4–6): 624–652.Google Scholar
Boudelaa, Sami and Marslen-Wilson, William D.. 2015. Structure, form, and meaning in the mental lexicon: Evidence from Arabic. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 30(8): 955–992.Google Scholar
Bouton, Mark E. 2007. Learning and behavior: A contemporary synthesis. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.Google Scholar
Bozic, Mirjana and Marslen-Wilson, William D.. 2010. Neurocognitive contexts for morphological complexity: Dissociating inflection and derivation. Language and Linguistics Compass 4(11): 1063–1073.Google Scholar
Bozic, Mirjana, Szlachta, Zanna, and Marslen-Wilson, William D.. 2013. Cross-linguistic parallels in processing derivational morphology: Evidence from Polish. Brain and Language 127(3): 533–538.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bradley, Dianne. 1980. Lexical representation of derivational relation. In Juncture: A collection of original papers, edited by Aronoff, Mark and Kean, Mary-Louise, 37–55. Saratoga, CA: Anma Libri.Google Scholar
Braine, Martin D.S. 1987. What is learned in acquiring word classes – a step toward an acquisition theory. In Mechanisms of language acquisition, edited by MacWhinney, Brian, 65–87. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Brincat, Joseph M. 1996. Maltese words. An etymological analysis of the Maltese lexicon. In Romania Arabica: Festschrift für Reinhold Kontzi zum 70. Geburtstag, edited by Lüdke, Jens, 111–116. Tübingen: Gunter Narr.Google Scholar
Brooks, Patricia J., Braine, Martin D.S., Catalano, Lisa, and Brody, Ruth E.. 1993. Acquisition of gender-like noun subclasses in an artificial language: The contribution of phonological markers to learning. Journal of Memory and Language 32: 76–95.Google Scholar
Brooks, Patricia J., Kwoka, Nicole, and Kempe, Vera. 2017. Distributional effects and individual differences in L2 morphology learning. Language Learning 67: 171–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, Dunstan and Hippisley, Andrew. 2012. Network morphology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Brown, Roger and Hanlon, Camille. 1970. Derivational complexity and order of acquisition in child speech. In Cognition and the development of language, edited by Hayes, John R., 11–53. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Burani, Cristina and Caramazza, Alfonso. 1987. Representation and processing of derived words. Language and Cognitive Processes 2(3–4): 217–227.Google Scholar
Burani, Cristina, Salmaso, Dario, and Caramazza, Alfonso. 1984. Morphological structure and lexical access. Visible Language 18(4): 342–352.Google Scholar
Burkett, David and Griffiths, Thomas L.. 2010. Iterated learning of multiple languages from multiple teachers. In The evolution of language: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference (EVOLANG8), Utrecht, Netherlands, 14–17 April 2010, edited by Smith, Andrew D.M., Schouwstra, Marieke, de Boer, Bart, and Smith, Kenny, 58–65. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan. 1985. Morphology: A study of the relation between meaning and form. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan. 1988a. Morphology as lexical organization. In Theoretical morphology: Approaches in modern linguistics, edited by Hammond, Michael and Noonan, Michael, 119–141. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan. 1988b. Semantic substance vs. contrast in the development of grammatical meaning. In Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, edited by Axmaker, Shelley, Jaisser, Annie, and Singmaster, Helen, 247–264. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Linguistics Society.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan. 1995a. Regular morphology and the lexicon. Language and Cognitive Processes 10(5): 425–455.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan. 1995b. Diachronic and typological properties of morphology and their implications for representation. In Morphological aspects of language processing, edited by Feldman, Laurie Beth, 225–246. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan. 2001. Phonology and language use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan. 2003. Cognitive processes in grammaticalization. In The new psychology of language, vol. 2, edited by Tomasello, Michael, 159–182. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan. 2006. From usage to grammar: The mind’s response to repetition. Language 82(4): 711–733.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan. 2008. Formal universals as emergent phenomena: The origins of structure preservation. In Linguistic universals and language change, edited by Good, Jeff, 108–121. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan and Hopper, Paul J., eds. 2001. Frequency and the emergence of linguistic structure. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan and Newman, Jean E.. 1995. Are stem changes as natural as affixes? Linguistics 33: 633–654.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan and Pagliuca, William. 1987. The evolution of future meaning. In Papers from the 7th International Conference on Historical Linguistics, edited by Giacalone Ramat, Anna, Carruba, Onofrio, and Bernini, Giuliano, 109–122. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan, Perkins, Revere, and Pagliuca, William. 1994. The evolution of grammar: Tense, aspect, and modality in the languages of the world. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan and Slobin, Dan I.. 1982. Rules and schemas in the development and use of the English past tense. Language 58(2): 265–289.Google Scholar
Caballero, Gabriela. 2008. Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara) phonology and morphology. Ph.D. thesis, University of California Berkeley.Google Scholar
Caballero, Gabriela. 2009. Choguita Rarámuri description and documentation. London: SOAS, Endangered Languages Archive. Available online: http://elar.soas.ac.uk/deposit/0056Google Scholar
Caballero, Gabriela. 2017. Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara) language description and documentation: A guide to the deposited collection and associated materials. Language Documentation and Conservation 11: 224–255.Google Scholar
Caballero, Gabriela and Inkelas, Sharon. 2013. Word construction: Tracing an optimal path through the lexicon. Morphology 23(2): 103–143.Google Scholar
Caballero, Gabriela and Kapatsinski, Vsevolod. 2015. Perceptual functionality of morphological redundancy in Choguita Rarámuri (Tarahumara). Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 30: 1134–1143.Google Scholar
Cantineau, Jean. 1950. La notion de “scheme” et son altération dans diverses langues sémitiques. Semitica 3: 73–83.Google Scholar
Caramazza, Alfonso, Laudanna, Alessandro, and Romani, Cristina. 1988. Lexical access and inflectional morphology. Cognition 28(3): 297–332.Google Scholar
Carstairs, Andrew. 1983. Paradigm economy. Journal of Linguistics 19: 115–125.Google Scholar
Casaus, Michael. 2008. Quantitative ethnobotany and acculturation among the Rarámuri of Choguita, Chihuahua, México. MS.Google Scholar
Chaparro Gardea, Rosa Isela, Holguín, Sebastián Fuentes, Loya, Bertha Fuentes, Moreno, Guillermina Fuentes, Palma, Giltro Fuentes, Ramírez, Luz Elena León, Caballero, Gabriela, and Carroll, Lucien. 2019. Materials of the Choguita Rarámuri Language Project, SCL 2019-01. In Survey of California and other Indian languages. Berkeley, CA: Department of Linguistics, University of California, Berkeley. Available online: http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.7297/X2HH6H70Google Scholar
Chialant, Doriana and Caramazza, Alfonso. 1995. Where is morphology and how is it processed? The case of written word recognition. In Morphological aspects of language processing, edited by Feldman, Laurie Beth, 55–76. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Chomsky, Noam. 1965. Aspects of the theory of syntax. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Chomsky, Noam. 1980. Rules and representations. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Chomsky, Noam. 1981. Lectures on government and binding. Dordrecht: Foris.Google Scholar
Chomsky, Noam. 1986. Knowledge of language: Its nature, origin, and use. New York: Praeger.Google Scholar
Chomsky, Noam. 2011. Language and other cognitive systems: What is special about language? Language Learning and Development 7(4): 263–278.Google Scholar
Chouinard, Michelle M. and Clark, Eve V.. 2003. Adult reformulations of child errors as negative evidence. Journal of Child Language 30(3): 637–669.Google Scholar
Cinque, Guglielmo. 2013. Cognition, universal grammar, and typological generalizations. Lingua 130: 50–65.Google Scholar
Clahsen, Harald. 1999. Lexical entries and rules of language: A multidisciplinary study of German inflection. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22(6): 991–1013.Google Scholar
Clahsen, Harald. 2006. Dual-mechanism morphology. In Encyclopedia of language and linguistics, 2nd ed., edited by Brown, Keith, 1–5. Oxford: Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/04252-8Google Scholar
Cohen, Jonathan D., MacWhinney, Brian, Flatt, Matthew, and Provost, Jefferson. 1993. PsyScope: A new graphic interactive environment for designing psychology experiments. Behavioral Research Methods, Instruments and Computers 25: 257–271.Google Scholar
Cohen, Marcel. 1951. Langues chamito-sémitiques et linguistique historique. Scientia 86: 304–310.Google Scholar
Cohen Priva, Uriel. 2015. Informativity affects consonant duration and deletion rates. Laboratory Phonology 6(2): 243–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen Priva, Uriel. 2017. Informativity and the actuation of lenition. Language 93(3): 569–597.Google Scholar
Colé, Pascale, Beauvillain, Cécile, and Seguí, Juan Pacheco. 1989. On the representation and processing of prefixed and suffixed derived words: A differential frequency effect. Journal of Memory and Language 28(1): 1–13.Google Scholar
Coleman, John and Pierrehumbert, Janet B.. 1997. Stochastic phonological grammars and acceptability. In Computational phonology: 3rd Meeting of the ACL Special Interest Group in Computational Phonology: Proceedings of a workshop sponsored by the Association for Computational Linguistics, edited by Coleman, John, 49–56. Somerset, NJ: Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Coltheart, Max, Davelaar, Eileen, Jonasson, Jon Torfi, and Besner, Derek. 1977. Access to the internal lexicon. In Attention and performance VI: Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Attention and Performance, Stockholm, Sweden, July 28–August 1, 1975, edited by Dornič, Stanislav, 535–555. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Conklin, Kathy and Schmitt, Norbert. 2012. The processing of formulaic language. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 32: 45–61.Google Scholar
Connine, Cynthia M., Blasko, Dawn G., and Titone, Debra. 1993. Do the beginnings of spoken words have a special status in auditory word recognition? Journal of Memory and Language 32(2): 193–210.Google Scholar
Connine, Cynthia M., Mullennix, John, Shernoff, Eve, and Yelen, Jennifer. 1990. Word familiarity and frequency in visual and auditory word recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 16(6): 1084–1096.Google Scholar
Corbett, Greville G. 1991. Gender. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Corbett, Greville G. 2000. Number. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Corbett, Greville G., Hippisley, Andrew, Brown, Dunstan, and Marriott, Paul. 2001. Frequency, regularity and the paradigm: A perspective from Russian on a complex relation. In Frequency and the emergence of linguistic structure, edited by Bybee, Joan and Hopper, Paul J., 201–226. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Corning, Peter. 2018. Synergistic selection: How cooperation has shaped evolution and the rise of humankind. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Cotterell, Ryan, Kirov, Christo, Hulden, Mans, and Eisner, Jason. 2018. On the diachronic stability of irregularity in inflectional morphology. MS, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich and Johns Hopkins University. Available online: https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.08262Google Scholar
Cover, Thomas M. and Thomas, Joy A.. 2006. Elements of information theory, 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Interscience.Google Scholar
Crepaldi, Davide, Rastle, Kathleen, Coltheart, Max, and Nickels, Lyndsey. 2010. ‘Fell’ primes ‘fall’, but does ‘bell’ prime ‘ball’? Masked priming with irregularly-inflected primes. Journal of Memory and Language 63(1): 83–99.Google Scholar
Croft, William. 2000. Explaining language change: An evolutionary approach. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Croft, William. 2002. Typology and universals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Culbertson, Jennifer. 2012. Typological universals as reflections of biased learning: Evidence from artificial language learning. Language and Linguistics Compass 6: 310–329.Google Scholar
Culbertson, Jennifer, Gagliardi, Annie, and Smith, Kenny. 2017. Competition between phonological and semantic cues in noun class learning. Journal of Memory and Language 92: 343–358.Google Scholar
Culbertson, Jennifer and Newport, Elissa L.. 2015. Harmonic biases in child learners: In support of language universals. Cognition 139: 71–82.Google Scholar
Culbertson, Jennifer, Smolensky, Paul, and Legendre, Géraldine. 2012. Learning biases predict a word order universal. Cognition 122: 306–329.Google Scholar
Cutler, Anne. 2009. Psycholinguistics in our time. In Inside psychology: A science over 50 years, edited by Rabbitt, Pat, 91–101. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Cutler, Anne, Mehler, Jacques, Norris, Dennis, and Segui, Juan. 1983. A language-specific comprehension strategy. Nature 304 (5922): 159–160.Google Scholar
Cysouw, Michael. 2011a. Quantitative explorations of the worldwide distribution of rare characteristics, or: the exceptionality of northwestern European languages. In Expecting the unexpected: Exceptions in grammar, edited by Simon, Horst J. and Wiese, Heike, 411–432. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Cysouw, Michael. 2011b. Some more details about the definition of rarity. In Expecting the unexpected: Exceptions in grammar, edited by Simon, Horst J. and Wiese, Heike, 437–442. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Cysouw, Michael and Wohlgemuth, Jan. 2010. The other end of universals: Theory and typology of rara. In Rethinking universals: How rarities affect linguistic theory, edited by Wohlgemuth, Jan and Cysouw, Michael, 1–10. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Dahl, Östen. 2011. Remarks on rarity. In Expecting the unexpected: Exceptions in grammar, edited by Simon, Horst J. and Wiese, Heike, 433–436. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Daland, Robert. 2015. Long words in maximum entropy phonotactic grammars. Phonology 32(3): 353–383.Google Scholar
Daland, Robert, Sims, Andrea D., and Pierrehumbert, Janet B.. 2007. Much ado about nothing: A social network model of Russian paradigmatic gaps. In Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics in Prague, Czech Republic, June 24th–29th, 2007, edited by Zaenen, Annie and van den Bosch, Antal, 936–943. Prague: Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Dale, Rick and Lupyan, Gary. 2011. Understanding the origins of morphological diversity: The Linguistic Niche Hypothesis. Advances in Complex Systems 15(3–4): Article 1150017. doi: 10.1142/S0219525911500172Google Scholar
Dangerfield, Karl. 2011. Iterated learning of language distributions. M.A. thesis, The University of Edinburgh.Google Scholar
Danks, David. 2003. Equilibria of the Rescorla-Wagner model. Journal of Mathematical Psychology 47(2): 109–121.Google Scholar
Darcy, Isabelle, Peperkamp, Sharon, and Dupoux, Emmanuel. 2007. Bilinguals play by the rules: Perceptual compensation for assimilation in late L2-learners. Laboratory Phonology 9: 411–442.Google Scholar
Davies, Mark. 2008. The corpus of contemporary American English (COCA): 600 million words, 1990-present. Available online: http://corpus.byu.edu/coca/Google Scholar
Davis, Matthew H. and Rastle, Kathleen. 2010. Form and meaning in early morphological processing: Comment on Feldman, O’Connor and Moscoso del Prado Martín. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 17: 749–755.Google Scholar
Davis, Stuart and Zawaydeh, Bushra Adnan. 2001. Arabic hypocoristics and the status of the consonantal root. Linguistic Inquiry 32(3): 512–520.Google Scholar
Dawson, Michael R.W. 2008. Connectionism and classical conditioning. Comparative Cognition & Behavior Reviews 3: 1–115.Google Scholar
De Jong, Nivja H., Schreuder, Robert, and Baayen, R. Harald. 2000. The morphological family size effect and morphology. Language and Cognitive Processes 15(4–5): 329–365.Google Scholar
de Smet, Hendrik. 2016. The root of ruthless: Individual variation as a window on mental representation. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 21(2): 250–271.Google Scholar
Demetras, M.J., Post, Kathryn Nolan, and Snow, Catherine E.. 1986. Feedback to first language learners: The role of repetitions and clarification questions. Journal of Child Language 13(2): 275–292.Google Scholar
Deutsch, Avital, Frost, Ram, and Forster, Kenneth. 1998. Verbs and nouns are organized and accessed differently in the mental lexicon: Evidence from Hebrew. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition 24(5): 1238–1255.Google Scholar
Deutsch, Avital, Frost, Ram, Pelleg, Sharon, Pollatsek, Alexander, and Rayner, Keith. 2003. Early morphological effects in reading: Evidence from parafoveal preview benefit in Hebrew. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 10: 415–422.Google Scholar
Deutsch, Avital, Frost, Ram, Pollatsek, Alexander, and Rayner, Keith. 2005. Morphological parafoveal preview benefit effects in reading: Evidence from Hebrew. Language and Cognitive Processes 20(1): 341–371.Google Scholar
Deutsch, Avital and Kuperman, Victor. 2019. Formal and semantic effects of morphological families on word recognition in Hebrew. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 34(1): 87–100.Google Scholar
Deutsch, Avital, Velan, Hadas, Merzbach, Yiska, and Michaly, Tamar. 2021. The dependence of root extraction in a non-concatenated morphology on the word-specific orthographic context. Journal of Memory and Language 116: Article 104182. doi: 10.1016/j.jml.2020.104182Google Scholar
Dixon, R.M.W. 2014. Making new words: Morphological derivation in English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Dominguez, Alberto, Segui, Juan, and Cuetos, Fernando. 2002. The time-course of inflexional morphological priming. Linguistics 40(2): 235–259.Google Scholar
Dowman, Mike, Kirby, Simon, and Griffiths, Thomas L.. 2006. Innateness and culture in the evolution of language. In The evolution of language: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on the Evolution of Language, edited by Cangelosi, Angelo, Smith, Andrew D.M., and Smith, Kenny, 230–238. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Drake, Shiloh. 2018. The form and productivity of the Maltese morphological diminutive. Morphology 28: 297–323.Google Scholar
Driem, George van. 1987. A grammar of Limbu. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Dryer, Matthew S. 1998. Why statistical universals are better than absolute universals. In Proceedings of the Chicago Linguistic Society 33: The panels, edited by Singer, Kora, Eggert, Randall, and Anderson, Gregory D.S., 123–145. Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.Google Scholar
Dryer, Matthew S. and Haspelmath, Martin. 2013. The world atlas of language structures online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Available online: https://wals.info/Google Scholar
Durrant, Philip. 2013. Formulaicity in an agglutinating language: The case of Turkish. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 9(1): 1–38.Google Scholar
Duval, Sue. 2005. The trim and fill method. In Publication bias in meta-analysis: Prevention, assessment, and adjustments, edited by Rothstein, Hannah R., Sutton, Alexander J., and Borenstein, Michael, 127–144. Chichester: Wiley.Google Scholar
Duval, Sue and Tweedie, Richard. 2000a. Trim and fill: A simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Biometrics 56(2): 455–463.Google Scholar
Duval, Sue and Tweedie, Richard. 2000b. A nonparametric “trim and fill” method of accounting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Journal of the American Statistical Association 95: 89–98.Google Scholar
Dye, Melody, Milin, Petar, Futrell, Richard, and Ramscar, Michael. 2017. A functional theory of gender paradigms. In Perspectives on morphological organization: Data and analyses, edited by Kiefer, Ferenc, Blevins, James P., and Bartos, Huba, 212–239. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Edwards, Jan, Beckman, Mary E., and Munson, Benjamin. 2004. The interaction between vocabulary size and phonotactic probability effects on children’s production accuracy and fluency in nonword repetition. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 47(2): 421–436.Google Scholar
Ehala, Martin. 1996. Self-organisation and language change. Diachronica 13(1): 1–28.Google Scholar
Ellis, Nick C. 1996. Working memory in the acquisition of vocabulary and syntax: Putting language in good order. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 49(1): 234–250.Google Scholar
Ellis, Nick C. and Sagarra, Nuria. 2010. Learned attention effects in L2 temporal reference: The first hour and the next eight semesters. Language Learning 60: 85–108.Google Scholar
Elman, Jeffrey L., Bates, Elizabeth A., Johnson, Mark, Karmiloff-Smith, Annette, Parisi, Domenico, and Plunkett, Kim. 1996. Rethinking innateness: A connectionist perspective on development. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Elsner, Micha, Sims, Andrea D., Erdmann, Alex, Hernandez, Antonio, Jaffe, Evan, Jin, Lifeng, Johnson, Martha Booker, Karim, Shuan, King, David, Lamberti Nunes, Luana, Oh, Byung-Doh, Rasmussen, Nathan, Shain, Cory, Antetomaso, Stephanie, Dickinson, Kendra, Diewald, Noah, McKenzie, Michelle, and Stevens-Guille, Symon. 2019. Modeling morphological learning, typology, and change: What can the neural sequence-to-sequence framework contribute? Journal of Language Modelling 7(1): 125–170.Google Scholar
Embick, David. 2015. The morpheme: A theoretical introduction. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar
Emmorey, Karen D. 1989. Auditory morphological priming in the lexicon. Language and Cognitive Processes 4(2): 73–92.Google Scholar
Esper, Erwin A. 1925. A technique for the experimental investigation of associative interference in artificial linguistic material. Philadelphia: Linguistic Society of America.Google Scholar
Esper, Erwin A. 1966. Social transmission of an artificial language. Language 42: 575–580.Google Scholar
Evans, Nicholas and Levinson, Stephen C.. 2009a. The myth of language universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 32(5): 429–448.Google Scholar
Evans, Nicholas and Levinson, Stephen C.. 2009b. With diversity in mind: Freeing the language sciences from Universal Grammar. Behavior and Brain Sciences 32(5): 472–484.Google Scholar
Ez-Zizi, Adnane, Divjak, Dagmar, and Milin, Petar. 2021. Error-correction mechanisms in language learning: Tracking individual differences. Paper presented at the 1st International Conference on Error-Driven Learning in Language, Tübingen, Germany.Google Scholar
Fabb, Nigel. 1988. English suffixation is constrained only by selectional restrictions. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 6(4): 527–539.Google Scholar
Fabri, Ray. 2009. Stem allomorphy in the Maltese verb. Ilsienna-Our Language 1(2009): 1–20.Google Scholar
Farhy, Yael and Veríssimo, João. 2019. Semantic effects in morphological priming: The case of Hebrew stems. Language and Speech 62: 737–750.Google Scholar
Farhy, Yael, Veríssimo, João, and Clahsen, Harald. 2018. Universal and particular in morphological processing: Evidence from Hebrew. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71(5): 1125–1133.Google Scholar
Faruqui, Manaal, Tsvetkov, Yulia, Neubig, Graham, and Dyer, Chris. 2016. Morphological inflection generation using character sequence to sequence learning. In Proceedings of the 2016 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (NAACL HLT 2016), edited by Knight, Kevin, 634–643. Cambridge, MA: Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Fedzechkina, Maryia, Jaeger, T. Florian, and Newport, Elissa L.. 2012. Language learners restructure their input to facilitate efficient communication. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109(44): 17897–17902.Google Scholar
Fedzechkina, Maryia, Newport, Elissa L., and Jaeger, T. Florian. 2016. The miniature artificial language learning paradigm as a complement to typological data. In The usage-based study of language learning and multilingualism, edited by Ortega, Lourdes, Tyler, Andrea, Park, Hae In, and Uno, Marika, 211–232. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.Google Scholar
Fedzechkina, Maryia, Newport, Elissa L., and Jaeger, T. Florian. 2017. Balancing effort and information transmission during language acquisition: Evidence from word order and case marking. Cognitive Science 41(2): 416–446.Google Scholar
Feldman, Laurie Beth. 2000. Are morphological effects distinguishable from the effects of shared meaning and shared form? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 26: 1431–1444.Google Scholar
Feldman, Laurie Beth, Barac-Cikoja, Dragana, and Kostić, Aleksandar. 2002. Semantic aspects of morphological processing: Transparency effects in Serbian. Memory and Cognition 30(4): 629–636.Google Scholar
Feldman, Laurie Beth, Kostić, Aleksandar, Gvozdenović, Vasilije, O’Connor, Patrick A., and Moscoso del Prado Martín, Fermín. 2010. Semantic similarity influences early morphological priming in Serbian: A challenge to form-then-meaning accounts of word recognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 19: 668–676.Google Scholar
Feldman, Laurie Beth and Larabee, Jeannine. 2001. Morphological facilitation following prefixed but not suffixed primes: Lexical architecture or modality-specific processes? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 27: 680–691.Google Scholar
Feldman, Laurie Beth, Milin, Petar, Cho, Kit W., Moscoso del Prado Martín, Fermín, and O’Connor, Patrick A.. 2015. Must analysis of meaning follow analysis of form? A time course analysis. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9: Article 111. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00111Google Scholar
Feldman, Laurie Beth, O’Connor, Patrick A., and Moscoso del Prado Martín, Fermín. 2009. Early morphological processing is morpho-semantic and not simply morpho-orthographic: A violation of form-then-meaning accounts of word recognition. Psychological Bulletin and Review 16: 684–691.Google Scholar
Feldman, Laurie Beth and Pastizzo, Matthew J.. 2003. Morphological facilitation: The role of semantic transparency and family size. In Morphological structure in language processing, edited by Baayen, R. Harald and Schreuder, Robert, 233–258. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Feldman, Laurie Beth and Raveh, Michal. 2003. When degree of semantic similarity influences morphological processing. In Language processing and acquisition in languages of Semitic, root-based, morphology, edited by Shimron, Joseph, 187–200. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Feldman, Laurie Beth and Soltano, Emily G.. 1999. Morphological priming: The role of prime duration, semantic transparency and affix position. Brain and Language 68: 33–39.Google Scholar
Feldman, Laurie Beth, Soltano, Emily G., Pastizzo, Matthew J., and Francis, Sarah E.. 2004. What do graded effects of semantic transparency reveal about morphological processing? Brain and Language 90(1–3): 17–30.Google Scholar
Feller, William. 1950. An introduction to probability theory and its applications, vol. 2. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Ferrer i Cancho, Ramon and Solé, Ricard V.. 2003. Least effort and the origins of scaling in human language. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100(3): 788–791.Google Scholar
Filipović Đurđević, Dušica, and Milin, Petar. 2019. Information and learning in processing adjective inflection. Cortex 116: 209–227.Google Scholar
FindingFive Team. 2019. FindingFive: A web platform for creating, running, and managing your studies in one place. FindingFive Corporation. Available online: www.findingfive.comGoogle Scholar
Finley, Sara. 2013. The effect of non-linguistic patterns on linguistic biases. In Cooperative minds: Social interaction and group dynamics: Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, edited by Knauff, Markus, Pauen, Michael, Sebanz, Natalie, and Wachsmuth, Ipke, 2291–2296. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Google Scholar
Finley, Sara. 2015. Learning nonadjacent dependencies in phonology: Transparent vowels in vowel harmony. Language 91: 48–72.Google Scholar
Finley, Sara and Badecker, William. 2007. Towards a substantively biased theory of learning. In Proceedings of the Thirty-third Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session, edited by Crane, Thera, David, Oana, Fenton, Donna, Haynie, Hannah J., Katseff, Shira, Lee-Goldman, Russell, Fouvier, Ruth, and Yu, Dominic, 142–154. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Linguistics Society.Google Scholar
Finley, Sara and Badecker, William. 2009. Artificial language learning and feature-based generalization. Journal of Memory and Language 61: 423–437.Google Scholar
Finley, Sara and Christiansen, Morten H.. 2011. Multimodal transfer of repetition patterns in artificial grammar learning. In Expanding the space of cognitive science: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, edited by Carlson, Laura, Hoelscher, Christoph, and Shipley, Thomas F., 330–335. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Google Scholar
Finley, Sara and Wiemers, Elizabeth. 2013. Rapid learning of morphological paradigms. In Cooperative minds: Social interaction and group dynamics: Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, edited by Knauff, Markus, Pauen, Michael, Sebanz, Natalie, and Wachsmuth, Ipke, 442–447. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Google Scholar
Finley, Sara and Wiemers, Elizabeth. 2015. Phonological and semantic consistency as cues for learning morphological systems. In Proceedings of the 32nd West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics, edited by Steindl, Ulrike, 11–20. Sommerville, MA: Cascadilla.Google Scholar
Fitch, W. Tecumseh, Hauser, Marc D., and Chomsky, Noam. 2005. The evolution of the language faculty: Clarifications and implications. Cognition 97(2): 179–210.Google Scholar
Fodor, Janet D. and Crowther, Carrie. 2002. Understanding stimulus poverty arguments. The Linguistic Review 19(1–2): 105–145.Google Scholar
Folia, Vasiliki, Uddén, Julia, De Vries, Meinou, Forkstam, Christian, and Petersson, Karl Magnus. 2010. Artificial language learning in adults and children. Language Learning 60(2): 188–220.Google Scholar
Ford, M.A., Davis, M.H., and Marslen-Wilson, W.D.. 2010. Derivational morphology and base morpheme frequency. Journal of Memory and Language 63(1): 117–130.Google Scholar
Forster, Kenneth I. 1976. Accessing the mental lexicon. In New approaches to language mechanisms, edited by Wales, R.J. and Walker, Edward, 257–287. Amsterdam: North-Holland.Google Scholar
Forster, Kenneth I. and Forster, Jonathan C.. 2003. DMDX: A Windows display program with millisecond accuracy. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 35(1): 116–124.Google Scholar
Forster, Kenneth I., Mohan, Kathleen, and Hector, Jo. 2003. The mechanics of masked priming. In Masked priming: The state of the art, edited by Kinoshita, Sachiko and Lupker, Stephen J., 3–37. New York: Psychology Press.Google Scholar
Forster, Kenneth I. and Taft, Marcus. 1994. Bodies, antibodies, and neighborhood-density effects in masked form priming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 20(4): 844–863.Google Scholar
Francom, Jerid, Woudstra, Dainon, and Ussishkin, Adam. 2009. Creating a web-based lexical corpus and information-extraction tools for the Semitic language Maltese. In Proceedings of the SEPLN-SALTMIL 2009 Workshop: Information Retrieval and Information Extraction for Less Resourced Languages, 9–16. Bilbao: University of the Basque Country.Google Scholar
Frauenfelder, Ulrich Hans and Schreuder, Robert. 1992. Constraining psycholinguistic models of morphological processing and representation: The role of productivity. In Yearbook of morphology 1991, edited by Booij, Geert and van Marle, Jaap, 165–183. Dordrecht: Springer.Google Scholar
Frigo, Lenore and McDonald, Janet L.. 1998. Properties of phonological markers that affect the acquisition of gender-like subclasss. Journal of Memory and Language 39: 218–245.Google Scholar
Frisch, Stefan A. and Brea-Spahn, Maria R.. 2010. Metalinguistic judgments of phonotactics by monolinguals and bilinguals. Laboratory Phonology 1(2): 345–360.Google Scholar
Frisch, Stefan A., Large, Nathan R., and Pisoni, David B.. 2000. Perception of wordlikeness: Effects of segment probability and length on the processing of nonwords. Journal of Memory and Language 42(4): 481–496.Google Scholar
Frisch, Stefan A., Large, Nathan R., Zawaydeh, Bushra, and Pisoni, David B.. 2001. Emergent phonotactic generalizations in English and Arabic. Typological Studies in Language 45: 159–180.Google Scholar
Frisch, Stefan A., Pierrehumbert, Janet B., and Broe, Michael B.. 2004. Similarity avoidance and the OCP. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 22(1): 179–228.Google Scholar
Frost, Ram, Deutsch, Avital, Gilboa, Orna, Tannenbaum, Michal, and Marslen-Wilson, William. 2000. Morphological priming: Dissociation of phonological, semantic, and morphological factors. Memory and Cognition 28(8): 1277–1288.Google Scholar
Frost, Ram, Forster, Kenneth I., and Deutsch, Avital. 1997. What can we learn from the morphology of Hebrew? A masked priming investigation of morphological representation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 23(4): 829–856.Google Scholar
Frost, Ram and Grainger, Jonathan. 2000. Cross-linguistic perspectives on morphological processing: An introduction. Language and Cognitive Processes 15(4–5): 321–328.Google Scholar
Frost, Ram, Kugler, Tamar, Deutsch, Avital, and Forster, Kenneth I.. 2005. Orthographic structure versus morphological structure: Principles of lexical organization in a given language. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 31(6): 1293–1326.Google Scholar
Futrell, Richard, Mahowald, Kyle, and Gibson, Edward. 2015. Large-scale evidence of dependency length minimization in 37 languages. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112(33): 10336–10341.Google Scholar
Gahl, Susanne. 2008. Time and thyme are not homophones: The effect of lemma frequency on word durations in spontaneous speech. Language 84(3): 474–496.Google Scholar
Gaskell, M. Gareth and Marslen-Wilson, William D.. 1996. Phonological variation and inference in lexical access. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 22(1): 144–158.Google Scholar
Gaskell, M. Gareth and Marslen-Wilson, William D.. 1997. Integrating form and meaning: A distributed model of speech perception. Language and Cognitive Processes 12(5–6): 613–656.Google Scholar
Geary, Jonathan and Ussishkin, Adam. 2018. Root-letter priming in Maltese visual word recognition. The Mental Lexicon 13: 1–25.Google Scholar
Geary, Jonathan and Ussishkin, Adam. 2019. Morphological priming without semantic relationship in Hebrew spoken word recognition. Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 4(1): 1–10.Google Scholar
Genzel, Dmitriy and Charniak, Eugene. 2002. Entropy rate constancy in text. In Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Philadelphia, July 2002, edited by Isabelle, Pierre, Charniak, Eugene, and Lin, Dekang, 199–206. Philadelphia: Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Giraudo, Hélène and Dal Maso, Serena. 2016. The salience of complex words and their parts: Which comes first? Frontiers in Psychology 7: Article 1778. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01778Google Scholar
Gobet, Fernand, Lane, Peter C.R., Croker, Steve, Cheng, Peter C.-H., Jones, Gary, Oliver, Iain, and Pine, Julian M.. 2001. Chunking mechanisms in human learning. Trends in Cognitive Science 5(6): 236–243.Google Scholar
Goh, Winston D., Suárez, Lidia, Yap, Melvin J., and Hui Tan, Seok. 2009. Distributional analyses in auditory lexical decision: Neighborhood density and word-frequency effects. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 16(5): 882–887.Google Scholar
Goldwater, Sharon, Griffiths, Thomas L., and Johnson, Mark. 2011. Producing power-law distributions and damping word frequencies with two-stage language models. Journal of Machine Learning Research 12: 2335–2382.Google Scholar
Gonnerman, Laura M. and Andersen, Elaine S.. 2002. Graded semantic and phonological similarity effects in morphologically complex words. In Morphology 2000: Selected Papers from the 9th Morphology Meeting, Vienna, 24–28 February 2000, edited by Bendjaballah, Sabrina, Dressler, Wolfgang U., Pfeiffer, Oskar E., and Voeikova, Maria D., 137–148. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Gonnerman, Laura M., Seidenberg, Mark S., and Andersen, Elaine S.. 2007. Graded semantic and phonological similarity effects in priming: Evidence for a distributed connectionist approach to morphology. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 136(2): 323–345.Google Scholar
Gosling, Samuel D., Sandy, Carson J., John, Oliver P., and Potter, Jeff. 2010. Wired but not weird: The promise of the Internet in reaching more diverse samples. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33(2–3): 94–95.Google Scholar
Gould, Stephen Jay and Lewontin, Richard R.C.. 1979. The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: A critique of the adaptationist program. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 205(1161): 581–598.Google Scholar
Grainger, Jonathan. 1990. Word frequency and neighborhood frequency effects in lexical decision and naming. Journal of Memory and Language 29(2): 228–244.Google Scholar
Grainger, Jonathan and Beyersmann, Elisabeth. 2017. Edge-aligned embedded word activation initiates morpho-orthographic segmentation. Psychology of Learning and Motivation 67: 285–317.Google Scholar
Greenberg, Joseph H. 1963. Some universals of grammar with particular reference to the order of meaningful elements. In Universals of language, edited by Greenberg, Joseph H., 73–113. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Greenberg, Joseph H. 1966. Language universals. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Greenberg, Joseph H. 1978. Diachrony, synchrony, and language universals. In Universals of human language: Methods and theory, vol. 1, edited by Greenberg, Joseph H., Ferguson, Charles A., and Moravcsik, Edith, 61–91. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Griffiths, Thomas L. and Kalish, Michael L.. 2007. Language evolution by iterated learning with Bayesian agents. Cognitive Science 31(3): 441–480.Google Scholar
Grosjean, François. 1996. Gating. Language and Cognitive Processes 11(6): 597–604.Google Scholar
Günther, Fritz, Smolka, Eva, and Marelli, Marco. 2019. “Understanding” differs between English and German: Capturing systematic language differences of complex words. Cortex 116: 168–175.Google Scholar
Gwilliams, Laura and Marantz, Alec. 2015. Non-linear processing of a linear speech stream: The influence of morphological structure on the recognition of spoken Arabic words. Brain and Language 147: 1–13.Google Scholar
Hahn, Stefan, Vozila, Paul, and Bisani, Maximilian. 2012. Comparison of grapheme-to-phoneme methods on large pronunciation dictionaries and LVCSR tasks. In Thirteenth Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association (INTERSPEECH 2012), Portland, Oregon, USA, 9–13 September 2012, 2537–2540. Portland, OR: International Speech Communication Association.Google Scholar
Hahn, Ulrike and Bailey, Todd M.. 2005. What makes words sound similar? Cognition 97(3): 227–267.Google Scholar
Hale, John. 2003. The information conveyed by words in sentences. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 32(2): 101–123.Google Scholar
Hale, John. 2006. Uncertainty about the rest of the sentence. Cognitive Science 30(4): 643–672.Google Scholar
Hall, Kathleen Currie, Allen, Blake, Fry, Michael, Mackie, Scott, and McAuliffe, Michael. 2016a. Phonological CorpusTools, version 1.2. Available online: https://github.com/PhonologicalCorpusTools/CorpusTools/releasesGoogle Scholar
Hall, Kathleen Currie, Hume, Elizabeth, Jaeger, T. Florian, and Wedel, Andrew. 2016b. The message shapes phonology. MS, University of British Columbia, University of Canterbury, University of Rochester, and University of Arizona.Google Scholar
Halle, Morris and Marantz, Alec. 1993. Distributed morphology and the pieces of inflection. In The view from Building 20, edited by Hale, Kenneth and Keyser, Steven H., 111–176. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Halle, Morris and Marantz, Alec. 1994. Some key features of Distributed Morphology. In MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 21: Papers on phonology and morphology, edited by Carnie, Andrew and Harley, Heidi, 275–288. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Hare, Mary and Elman, Jeffrey L.. 1995. Learning and morphological change. Cognition 56(1): 61–98.Google Scholar
Harmon, Zara and Kapatsinski, Vsevolod. 2017. Putting old tools to novel uses: The role of form accessibility in semantic extension. Cognitive Psychology 98: 22–44.Google Scholar
Harris, Alice C. 2008. On the explanation of typologically unusual structures. In Linguistic universals and language change, edited by Good, Jeff, 54–76. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Harris, Alice C. 2017. Multiple exponence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Harris, Zellig S. 1970. Papers in structural and transformational linguistics. Dordrecht: Springer.Google Scholar
Hartl, Daniel L. and Clark, Andrew G.. 1997. Principles of population genetics, 3rd ed. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.Google Scholar
Hasenäcker, Jana, Beyersmann, Elisabeth, and Schroeder, Sascha. 2016. Masked morphological priming in German-speaking adults and children: Evidence from response time distributions. Frontiers in Psychology 7: Article 929.Google Scholar
Haspelmath, Martin. 1995. The growth of affixes in morphological reanalysis. In Yearbook of morphology 1994, edited by Booij, Geert and van Marle, Jaap, 1–29. Dordrecht: Kluwer.Google Scholar
Haspelmath, Martin. 2006. Against markedness (and what to replace it with). Journal of Linguistics 42: 25–70.Google Scholar
Haspelmath, Martin. 2008. Parametric versus functional explanations of syntactic universals. In The limits of syntactic variation, edited by Biberauer, Theresa, 75–108. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Haspelmath, Martin and Sims, Andrea D.. 2010. Understanding morphology, 2nd ed. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hauser, Marc D., Chomsky, Noam, and Fitch, W. Tecumseh. 2002. The faculty of language: What is it, who has it, and how did it evolve? Science 298(5598): 1569–1579.Google Scholar
Havas, Viktória, Waris, Otto, Vaquero, Lucía, Rodríguez-Fornells, Antoni, and Laine, Matti. 2015. Morphological learning in a novel language: A cross-language comparison. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 68(7): 1426–1441.Google Scholar
Hawkins, John A. 2004. Efficiency and complexity in grammars. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hay, Jennifer. 2002. From speech perception to morphology: Affix ordering revisited. Language 78(3): 527–555.Google Scholar
Hay, Jennifer. 2003. Causes and consequences of word structure. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hay, Jennifer and Baayen, R. Harald. 2005. Shifting paradigms: Gradient structure in morphology. Trends in Cognitive Science 9: 342–348.Google Scholar
Hay, Jennifer, Pierrehumbert, Janet B., and Beckman, Mary. 2003. Speech perception, well-formedness, and the statistics of the lexicon. In Phonetic interpretation: Papers in laboratory phonology VI, edited by Local, John, Ogden, Richard, and Temple, Rosalind, 58–74. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hay, Jennifer and Plag, Ingo. 2004. What constrains possible suffix combinations? On the interaction of grammatical and processing restrictions in derivational morphology. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 22(3): 565–596.Google Scholar
Heitmeier, Maria, Chuang, Yu-Ying, and Baayen, R. Harald. 2021. Modeling morphology with Linear Discriminative Learning: Considerations and design choices. MS, Eberhard-Karls Universität Tübingen. Available online: https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.07936Google Scholar
Heller, Jordana. 2014. Contextual constraints on phonological activation during sentence production. Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern University.Google Scholar
Henrich, Joseph, Heine, Steven J., and Norenzayan, Ara. 2010. The weirdest people in the world? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33: 61–83.Google Scholar
Hilaal, Y. 1990. Deriving from roots and word patterns. Linguistica Communicatio 1: 77–80.Google Scholar
Hirsh-Pasek, Kathy, Treiman, Rebecca, and Schneiderman, Maita. 1984. Brown & Hanlon revisited: Mother’s sensitivity to ungrammatical forms. Journal of Child Language 11: 81–88.Google Scholar
Hoffman, Paul and Woollams, Anna M.. 2015. Opposing effects of semantic diversity in lexical and semantic relatedness decisions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 41(2): 385–402.Google Scholar
Hood, Kathryn E., Halpern, Carolyn Tucker, Greenberg, Gary, and Lerner, Richard M., eds. 2010. Handbook of developmental science, behavior, and genetics. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Hooper, Joan. 1976. Word frequency in lexical diffusion and the source of morphophonological change. In Current progress in historical linguistics: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Historical Linguistics, edited by Christie Jr., William M., 96–105. New York: North-Holland.Google Scholar
Hull, David L. and Michael, Ruse, eds. 2008. The Cambridge companion to the philosophy of biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hupp, Julie M., Sloutsky, Vladimir M., and Culicover, Peter W.. 2009. Evidence for a domain-general mechanism underlying the suffixation preference in language. Language and Cognitive Processes 24: 876–909.Google Scholar
Iggesen, Oliver A. 2013. Number of cases. In The world atlas of language structures online, edited by Dryer, Matthew S. and Haspelmath, Martin. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Available online: http://wals.info/chapter/49Google Scholar
Inkelas, Sharon and Orgun, Cemil Orhan. 2003. Turkish stress: A review. Phonology 20(1): 139–161.Google Scholar
Irvine, Liz, Roberts, Séan G., and Kirby, Simon. 2013. A robustness approach to theory building: A case study of language evolution. In Proceedings of the 31st Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci 2009), edited by Taatgen, Niels and van Rijn, Hedderik, 2614–2619. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Google Scholar
Isbilen, Erin S., McCauley, Stewart M., Kidd, Evan, and Christiansen, Morten. 2017. Testing statistical learning implicitly: A novel chunk-based measure of statistical learning. In Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, edited by Gunzelmann, Glenn, Howes, Andrew, Tenbrink, Thora, and Davelaar, Eddy, 564–569. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Google Scholar
Jablonka, Eva and Lamb, Marion J.. 2014. Evolution in four dimensions: Genetic, epigenetic, behavioral, and symbolic variation in the history of life, Rev. ed. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Jackendoff, Ray and Audring, Jenny. 2020. The texture of the lexicon. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Jaeger, T. Florian. 2010. Redundancy and reduction: Speakers manage syntactic information density. Cognitive Psychology 61(1): 23–62.Google Scholar
Janack, Tracy, Pastizzo, Matthew J., and Feldman, Laurie Beth. 2004. When orthographic neighbors fail to facilitate. Brain and Language 90(1–3): 441–452.Google Scholar
Janda, Laura. 2007. Aspectual clusters of Russian verbs. Studies in Language 31(3): 607–648.Google Scholar
Janda, Laura and Tyers, M. Francis. 2021. Less is more: Why all paradigms are defective, and why that is a good thing. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 17(1): 109–141. doi: 10.1515/cllt-2018-0031Google Scholar
Janda, Richard D. 1984. Why morphological metathesis rules are rare: On the possibility of historical explanation in linguistics. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 10: 87–103.Google Scholar
Jared, Debra, Jouravlev, Olessia, and Joanisse, Marc F.. 2017. The effect of semantic transparency on the processing of morphologically derived words: Evidence from decision latencies and event-related potentials. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 43: 422–450.Google Scholar
Joanisse, Marc F. and Seidenberg, Mark S.. 1999. Impairments in verb morphology after brain injury: A connectionist model. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 96(13): 7592–7597.Google Scholar
Johnson, Keith. 1997. Speech perception without speaker normalization: An exemplar model. In Talker variability in speech processing, edited by Johnson, Keith and Mullenix, John W., 145–165. San Diego, CA: Morgan Kauffman.Google Scholar
Joseph, Brian D. 1997. How general are our generalizations? What speakers actually know and what they actually do. In ESCOL ’96: Proceedings of the 13th Eastern States Conference on Linguistics, edited by Green, Anthony D. and Motopanyane, Virginia, 148–160. Ithaca, NY: Cascadilla.Google Scholar
Joseph, Brian D. 2011. A localistic approach to universals and variation. In Linguistic universals and language variation, edited by Siemund, Peter, 394–414. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Jurafsky, Daniel and Martin, James H.. 2000. Speech and language processing: An introduction to natural language processing, computational linguistics, and speech recognition. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Kager, René and Pater, Joe. 2012. Phonotactics as phonology: Knowledge of a complex restriction in Dutch. Phonology 29(1): 81–111.Google Scholar
Kamin, Lawrence J. 1969. Predictability, surprise, attention, and conditioning. In Punishment and aversive behavior, edited by Campbell, Byron A. and Church, Russell M., 279–296. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.Google Scholar
Kann, Katharina, Cotterell, Ryan, and Schütze, Hinrich. 2017. Neural multi-source morphological reinflection. In Proceedings of the 15th European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL) 2017, vol. 1: Long papers, edited by Lapata, Mirella, 514–524. Stroudsburg, PA: Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Kann, Katharina and Schütze, Hinrich. 2016. MED: The LMU system for the SIGMORPHON 2016 shared task on morphological reinflection. In Proceedings of the 14th SIGMORPHON Workshop on Computational Research in Phonetics, Phonology, and Morphology, edited by Elsner, Micha and Kübler, Sandra, 62–70. Stroudsburg, PA: Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Kapatsinski, Vsevolod. 2006. Sound similarity relations in the mental lexicon: Modeling the lexicon as a complex network. Speech Research Lab Progress Report 27: 133–152.Google Scholar
Kapatsinski, Vsevolod. 2013. Conspiring to mean: Experimental and computational evidence for a usage-based harmonic approach to morphophonology. Language 89: 110–148.Google Scholar
Kapatsinski, Vsevolod. 2017. Learning a subtractive morphological system: Statistics and representations. In Proceedings of the 41st Annual Boston University Conference on Language Development, vol. 1, edited by LaMendola, Maria and Scoot, Jennifer, 357–372. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla.Google Scholar
Kapatsinski, Vsevolod. 2018a. Words versus rules (storage versus on-line production/processing) in morphology. In Oxford research encyclopedia of linguistics, edited by Aronoff, Mark. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.598Google Scholar
Kapatsinski, Vsevolod. 2018b. Changing minds changing tools: From learning theory to language acquisition to language change. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Kapatsinski, Vsevolod. 2018c. Learning morphological constructions. The construction of words: Advances in construction morphology, edited by Booij, Geert, 547–581. Cham: Springer.Google Scholar
Kapatsinski, Vsevolod. 2021a. Learning fast while avoiding spurious excitement and overcoming cue competition requires setting unachievable goals: Reasons for using the logistic activation function in learning to predict categorical outcomes. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience. Available online ahead of print: https://doi.org/10.1080/23273798.2021.1927120Google Scholar
Kapatsinski, Vsevolod. 2021b. What are constructions, and what else is out there? An associationist perspective. Frontiers in Communication 5: Article 575242.Google Scholar
Kapatsinski, Vsevolod and Harmon, Zara. 2017. A Hebbian account of entrenchment and (over)-extension in language learning. In CogSci 2017: Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, edited by Gunzelmann, Glenn, Howes, Andrew, Tenbrink, Thora, and Davelaar, Eddy, 2366–2371. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Google Scholar
Kapatsinski, Vsevolod and Johnston, Lamia. 2010. Investigating phonotactics using xenolinguistics: A novel word-picture matching paradigm. In Cognition in flux: Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, edited by Ohlsson, Stellan and Catrambone, Richard, 2010–2015. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Google Scholar
Kauhanen, Henri. 2017. Neutral change. Journal of Linguistics 53(2): 327–358.Google Scholar
Kayne, Richard. 1996. Microparametric syntax: Some introductory remarks. In Microparametric syntax and dialect variation, edited by Black, James R. and Montapanyane, Virginia, ix–xvii. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Kempley, S.T. and Morton, John. 1982. The effects of priming with regularly and irregularly related words in auditory word recognition. British Journal of Psychology 73(4): 441–454.Google Scholar
Kimura, Motoo. 1983. The neutral theory of molecular evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kiparsky, Paul. 1982. Lexical morphology and phonology. In Linguistics in the morning calm: Selected papers from SICOL-1981, edited by Linguistic Society of Korea, 3–91. Seoul: Hanshin.Google Scholar
Kiparsky, Paul. 2018. Affix bundling and introfixation. Paper presented at the 18th International Morphology Meeting, Budapest, May 13, 2018.Google Scholar
Kirby, Simon. 2001. Spontaneous evolution of linguistic structure – An iterated learning model of the emergence of regularity and irregularity. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 5(2): 102–110.Google Scholar
Kirby, Simon, Griffiths, Thomas L., and Smith, Kenny. 2014. Iterated learning and the evolution of language. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 28: 108–114.Google Scholar
Kirby, Simon and Hurford, James R.. 2002. The emergence of linguistic structure: An overview of the iterated learning model. In Simulating the evolution of language, edited by Cangelosi, Angelo and Parisi, Domenico, 121–147. London: Springer.Google Scholar
Kloehn, Nick. 2018. Towards a unified theory of morphological productivity in the Bantu languages: A corpus analysis of nominalization patterns in Swahili. In African linguistics on the prairie: Selected papers from the 45th Annual Conference on African Linguistics, edited by Kandybowicz, Jason, Major, Travis, Torrence, Harold, and Duncan, Philip T., 175–190. Berlin: Language Science Press.Google Scholar
Kocab, Annemarie, Ziegler, Jayden, and Snedeker, Jesse. 2019. It takes a village: The role of community size in linguistic regularization. Cognitive Psychology 114: Article 101227.Google Scholar
Korpus Malti 3.0 – Maltese Language Resource Server. 2016. Available online: http://mlrs.research.um.edu.mtGoogle Scholar
Kouider, Sid and Dupoux, Emmanuel. 2005. Subliminal speech priming. Psychological Science 16(8): 617–625.Google Scholar
Kruschke, John K. 1992. ALCOVE: An exemplar-based connectionist model of category learning. Psychological Review 99(1): 22–44.Google Scholar
Kruszewski, Mikołaj. 1995. Outline of linguistic science. In Writings in general linguistics: On sound alternation (1881) and Outline of linguistic science (1883), edited by Koerner, E.F. Konrad, 37–178. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. [translated by Gregory M. Eramian]Google Scholar
Kuperman, Victor, Bertram, Raymond, and Baayen, R. Harald. 2008. Morphological dynamics in compound processing. Language and Cognitive Processes 23(7–8): 1089–1132.Google Scholar
Kuperman, Victor, Bertram, Raymond, and Baayen, R. Harald. 2010. Processing trade-offs in the reading of Dutch derived words. Journal of Memory and Language 62(2): 83–97.Google Scholar
Kusters, Christiaan Wouter. 2003. Linguistic complexity: The influence of social change on verbal inflection. Utrecht: LOT.Google Scholar
Ladefoged, Peter, Chochran, Anne, and Disner, Sandra. 1977. Laterals and trills. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 7(2): 46–54.Google Scholar
Lai, Regine. 2015. Learnable vs unlearnable vowel harmony patterns. Linguistic Inquiry 46: 425–451.Google Scholar
Laland, Kevin N. 2018. Darwin’s unfinished symphony: How culture made the human mind. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Landauer, Thomas K. and Dumais, Susan T.. 1997. A solution to Plato’s problem: The latent semantic analysis theory of acquisition, induction, and representation of knowledge. Psychological Review 104: 211–240.Google Scholar
Landauer, Thomas K., Foltz, Peter W., and Laham, Darrell. 1998. An introduction to latent semantic analysis. Discourse Processes 25: 259–284.Google Scholar
Langacker, Ronald W. 1977. Studies in Uto-Aztecan grammar, vol. 1: An overview of Uto-Aztecan grammar. Dallas: The Summer Institute of Linguistics and The University of Texas at Arlington.Google Scholar
Langacker, Ronald W. 2003. Explanation in cognitive linguistics and cognitive grammar. In The nature of explanation in linguistic theory, edited by Moore, John and Polinsky, Maria, 239–261. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Lass, Roger. 1997. Historical linguistics and language change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Laufer, Batia and Eliasson, Stig. 1993. What causes avoidance in L2 learning. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 15: 35–48.Google Scholar
Lázaro, Miguel López-Villaseñor. 2012. The effects of base frequency and affix productivity in Spanish. The Spanish Journal of Psychology 15(2): 505–512.Google Scholar
LeFevre, Grace, Elsner, Micha, and Sims, Andrea D.. 2021. Formalizing inflectional paradigm shape with information theory. Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics 4: Article 11, 102–115. doi: 10.7275/jz7z-j842Google Scholar
Legate, Julie Anne and Yang, Charles D.. 2002. Empirical re-assessment of stimulus poverty arguments. The Linguistic Review 19(1–2): 151–162.Google Scholar
Lepic, Ryan. 2019. A usage-based alternative to ‘lexicalization’ in sign language linguistics. Glossa 4(1): 1–30.Google Scholar
Levy, Roger. 2005. Probabilistic models of word order and syntactic discontinuity. Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University.Google Scholar
Levy, Roger. 2008. Expectation-based syntactic comprehension. Cognition 106(3): 1126–1177.Google Scholar
Levy, Roger and Jaeger, T. Florian. 2007. Speakers optimize information density through syntactic reduction. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 19 (NIPS 2006), edited by Schölkopf, Bernard, Platt, John C., and Hoffman, T., 849–856. San Diego, CA: Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation.Google Scholar
Lewis, Geoffrey. L. 1967. Turkish grammar. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Lewontin, Richard C. 1970. The units of selection. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 1: 1–18.Google Scholar
Lewontin, Richard C. 1978. Adaptation. Scientific American 239(3): 212–230.Google Scholar
Libben, Gary, Derwing, Bruce L., and De Almeida, Roberto G.. 1999. Ambiguous novel compounds and models of morphological parsing. Brain and Language 68: 378–386.Google Scholar
Libben, Gary, Gibson, Martha, Yoon, Yeo Bom, and Sandra, Dominiek. 2003. Compound fracture: The role of semantic transparency and morphological headedness. Brain and Language 84: 50–64.Google Scholar
Liberman, Mark. 2003. Egg corns: Folk etymology, malapropism, mondegreen. Language Log. Available online: http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/000018.htmlGoogle Scholar
Lieven, Elena and Behrens, Heike. 2012. Dense sampling. In Research methods in child language: A practical guide, edited by Hoff, Erika, 226–239. Malden, MA: Wiley.Google Scholar
Lignos, Constantine and Yang, Charles. 2016. Morphology and language acquisition. In The Cambridge handbook of morphology, edited by Hippisley, Andrew and Stump, Gregory, 765–791. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Limpert, Eckhard, Stahel, Werner A., and Abbt, Markus. 2001. Log-normal distributions across the sciences: Keys and clues. Bioscience 51: 341–352.Google Scholar
Lin, Candise Y., Wang, Min, and Ko, In Yeong. 2018. The time course of activation of semantic and orthographic information in morphological decomposition by Korean adults and developing readers. Frontiers in Communication 3: Article 51. doi: 10.3389/fcomm.2018.00051Google Scholar
Lin, Francis Y. 2017. A refutation of universal grammar. Lingua 193: 1–22.Google Scholar
Lindblom, B. 1990. Explaining phonetic variation: A sketch of the H&H theory. In Speech production and speech modelling, edited by Hardcastle, William J. and Marchal, Alain, 403–439. Dordrecht: Kluwer.Google Scholar
Lindsay, Mark and Aronoff, Mark. 2013. Natural selection in self-organizing morphological systems. In Morphology in Toulouse: Selected proceedings of Décembrettes 7, edited by Montermini, Fabio, Boyé, Gilles, and Tseng, Jesse, 133–153. Munich: LINCOM Europa.Google Scholar
Longtin, Catherine-Marie, Segui, Juan, and Hallé, Pierre A.. 2003. Morphological priming without morphological relationship. Language and Cognitive Processes 18(3): 313–334.Google Scholar
Loper, Edward and Bird, Steven. 2002. NLTK: The natural language toolkit. In ETMTNLP ’02: Proceedings of the ACL-02 Workshop on Effective Tools and Methodologies for Teaching Natural Language Processing and Computational Linguistics, vol. 1, edited by Brew, Chris and Rosner, Michael, 63–70, Stroudsburg, PA: Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Lovibond, Peter F., Been, Sara-Lee, Mitchell, Chris J., Bouton, Mark E., and Frohardt, Russell. 2003. Forward and backward blocking of causal judgment is enhanced by additivity of effect magnitude. Memory & Cognition 31(1): 133–142.Google Scholar
Luce, Paul. 1986. A computational analysis of uniqueness points in auditory word processing. Perception and Psychophysics 39(3): 155–158.Google Scholar
Luce, Paul A. and Pisoni, David B.. 1998. Recognizing spoken words: The neighborhood activation model. Ear and Hearing 19(1): 1–36.Google Scholar
Luce, Paul A., Pisoni, David B., and Goldinger, Steven D.. 1990. Similarity neighborhoods of spoken words. In Cognitive models of speech processing: Psycholinguistic and computational perspectives, edited by Altmann, Gerry T.M., 105–121. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Luce, R. Duncan. 1986. Response times: Their role in inferring elementary mental organization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Luís, Ana and Spencer, Andrew. 2005. A paradigm function account of ‘mesoclisis’ in European Portuguese. In Yearbook of morphology 2004, edited by Booij, Geert and van Marle, Jaap, 177–228. Dordrecht: Springer.Google Scholar
Lupyan, Gary and Dale, Rick. 2010. Language structure is partly determined by social structure. PLoS ONE 5(1): Article e8559. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008559Google Scholar
Lupyan, Gary and Dale, Rick. 2015. The role of adaptation in understanding linguistic diversity. In Language structure and environment: Social, cultural, and natural factors, edited by De Busser, Rick and LaPolla, Randy J., 289–316. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Lupyan, Gary and Rick, Dale. 2016. Why are there different languages? The role of adaptation in linguistic diversity. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 20(9): 649–660.Google Scholar
MacWhinney, Brian. 1987. The competition model. In Mechanisms of language acquisition, edited by MacWhinney, Brian, 249–307. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Mahowald, Kyle, Fedorenko, Evelina, Piantadosi, Steven T., and Gibson, Edward. 2013. Info/information theory: Speakers choose shorter words in predictive contexts. Cognition 126(2): 313–318.Google Scholar
Maiden, Martin. 2018. The Romance verb: Morphomic structure and diachrony. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Malchukov, Andrej. 2010. ‘Quirky’ case: Rare phenomena in case marking and their implications for a theory of typological distributions. In Rethinking universals: How rarities affect linguistic theory, edited by Wohlgemuth, Jan and Cysouw, Michael, 139–168. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Manning, Christopher D. and Schütze, Hinrich. 1999. Foundations of statistical natural language processing. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Manova, Stela and Aronoff, Mark. 2010. Modeling affix order. Morphology 20(1): 109–131.Google Scholar
Marchand, Hans. 1960. Categories and types of present-day English word-formation. Germany: Otto Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Marcus, Gary F. 2003. The algebraic mind: Integrating connectionism and cognitive science. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Marelli, Marco and Amenta, Simona. 2018. A database of orthography-semantics consistency (OSC) estimates for 15,017 English words. Behavior Research Methods 50(4): 1482–1495.Google Scholar
Marelli, Marco, Amenta, Simona, and Crepaldi, Davide. 2015. Semantic transparency in free stems: The effect of orthography-semantics consistency on word recognition. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 68(8): 1571–1583.Google Scholar
Marelli, Marco and Baroni, Marco. 2015. Affixation in semantic space: Modeling morpheme meanings with compositional distributional semantics. Psychological Review 122(3): 485.Google Scholar
Marian, Viorica, Bartolotti, James, Chabal, Sarah, and Shook, Anthony. 2012. CLEARPOND: Cross-linguistic easy-access resource for phonological and orthographic neighborhood densities. PloS ONE 7(8): Article e43230.Google Scholar
Marle, Jaap van. 1990. Rule-creating creativity: Analogy as a synchronic morphological process. In Contemporary morphology, edited by Dressler, Wolfgang U., Luschützky, Hans C., Pfeiffer, Oskar E., and Rennison, John R., 267–273. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Marslen-Wilson, William D. 1987. Functional parallelism in spoken word-recognition. Cognition 25(1–2): 71–102.Google Scholar
Marslen-Wilson, William D. 1990. Activation, competition, and frequency in lexical access. In Cognitive models of speech processing: Psycholinguistic and computational perspectives, edited by Altmann, Gerry T.M., 148–172. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Marslen-Wilson, William D. 2001. Access to lexical representations: Cross-linguistic issues. Language and Cognitive Processes 16(5–6): 699–708.Google Scholar
Marslen-Wilson, William D. and Tyler, Lorraine Komisarjevsky. 1997. Dissociating types of mental computation. Nature 387(6633): 592–593.Google Scholar
Marslen-Wilson, William D. and Tyler, Lorraine Komisarjevsky. 1998. Rules, representations, and the English past tense. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2(11): 428–435.Google Scholar
Marslen-Wilson, William D., Tyler, Lorraine Komisarjevsky, Waksler, Rachelle, and Older, Lianne. 1994. Morphology and meaning in the English mental lexicon. Psychological Review 101(1): 3–33.Google Scholar
Marslen-Wilson, William D. and Zwitserlood, Pienie. 1989. Accessing spoken words: The importance of word onsets. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 15(3): 576–585.Google Scholar
Masini, Francesca and Iacobini, Claudio. 2018. Schemas and discontinuity in Italian: The view from Construction Morphology. In The construction of words: Advances in Construction Morphology, edited by Booij, Geert, 81–109. Cham: Springer.Google Scholar
Matthews, Peter. 1972. Inflectional morphology: A theoretical study based on aspects of Latin verb conjugation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
McCarthy, John J. 1979. Formal problems in Semitic phonology and morphology. Ph.D. thesis, MIT.Google Scholar
McCarthy, John J. 1981. A prosodic theory of nonconcatenative morphology. Linguistic Inquiry 12(3): 373–418.Google Scholar
McCarthy, John J. 1986. OCP effects: Gemination and antigemination. Linguistic Inquiry 17(2): 207–263.Google Scholar
McCauley, Stewart M., Isbilen, Erin S., and Christiansen, Morten. 2017. Chunking ability shapes sentence processing at multiple levels of abstraction. In CogSci 2017: Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, edited by Gunzelmann, Glenn, Howes, Andrew, Tenbrink, Thora, and Davelaar, Eddy, 2681–2686. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Google Scholar
McClelland, James L. and Elman, Jeffrey L.. 1986. The TRACE model of speech perception. Cognitive Psychology 18(1): 1–86.Google Scholar
McCormick, Samantha F., Rastle, Kathleen, and Davis, Matthew H.. 2008. Is there a ‘fete’ in ‘fetish’? Effects of orthographic opacity on morpho-orthographic segmentation in visual word recognition. Journal of Memory and Language 58(2): 307–326.Google Scholar
McMurray, Bob, Horst, Jessica S., and Samuelson, Larissa K.. 2012. Word learning emerges from the interaction of online referent selection and slow associative learning. Psychological Review 119(4): 831–877.Google Scholar
McMurray, Bob, Zhao, Libo, Kucker, Sarah, and Samuelson, Larissa K.. 2013. Probing the limits of associative learning: Generalization and the statistics of words and referents. In Theoretical and computational models of word learning: Trends in psychology and artificial intelligence, edited by Gogate, Lakshmi and Hollich, George, 49–80. Hershey, PA: IGI Global.Google Scholar
McShea, Daniel W. and Brandon, Robert N.. 2010. Biology’s first law: The tendency for diversity and complexity to increase in evolutionary systems. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Meakins, Felicity, Hua, Xia, Algy, Cassandra, and Bromham, Lindell. 2019. Birth of a contact language did not favor simplification. Language 95(2): 294–332.Google Scholar
Meir, Irit, Aronoff, Mark, Börstell, Carl, Hwang, So-One, Ilkbasaran, Deniz, Kastner, Itamar, Lepic, Ryan, Ben-Basat, Adi Lifshitz, Padden, Carol A., and Sandler, Wendy. 2017. The effect of being human and the basis of grammatical word order: Insights from novel communication systems and young sign languages. Cognition 158: 189–207.Google Scholar
Meir, Irit, Sandler, Wendy, Padden, Carol A., and Aronoff, Mark. 2010. Emerging sign languages. In Oxford handbook of deaf studies, language and education, vol. 2, edited by Marschark, Marc and Spencer, Patricia Elizabeth, 267–280. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mendívil-Giró, José-Luis. 2018. Is Universal Grammar ready for retirement? A short review of a longstanding misinterpretation. Journal of Linguistics 54: 859–888.Google Scholar
Mesoudi, Alex and Whiten, Andrew. 2008. The multiple roles of cultural transmission experiments in understanding human cultural evolution. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 363: 3489–3501.Google Scholar
Meunier, Fanny and Longtin, Catherine-Marie. 2007. Morphological decomposition and semantic integration in word processing. Journal of Memory and Language 56(4): 457–471.Google Scholar
Meunier, Fanny and Segui, Juan. 1999a. Frequency effects in auditory word recognition: The case of suffixed words. Journal of Memory and Language 41(3): 327–344.Google Scholar
Meunier, Fanny and Segui, Juan. 1999b. Morphological priming effect: The role of surface frequency. Brain and Language 68(1): 54–60.Google Scholar
Milin, Petar, Feldman, Laurie Beth, Ramscar, Michael, Hendrick, Roberta A., and Baayen, R. Harald. 2017. Discrimination in lexical decision. PLoS ONE 12(2): Article e0171935.Google Scholar
Miller, George A. 1956. The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review 63: 81–97.Google Scholar
Mirman, Daniel and Magnuson, James S.. 2008. Attractor dynamics and semantic neighborhood density: Processing is slowed by near neighbors and speeded by distant neighbors. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 34: 65–79.Google Scholar
Mithun, Marianne. 2016. Affix ordering: Motivation and interpretation. In The Cambridge handbook of morphology, edited by Stump, Gregory and Hippisley, Andrew, 149–185. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Moore, David S. 2006. The developmental systems approach and the analysis of behavior. The Behavior Analyst 39(2): 243–258.Google Scholar
Moreton, Elliott. 2008. Analytic bias and phonological typology. Phonology 25: 83–127.Google Scholar
Morgan, James L. and Travis, Lisa L.. 1989. Limits on negative information in language input. Journal of Child Language 16(3): 531–552.Google Scholar
Morley, Rebecca L. 2015. Can phonological universals be emergent? Modeling the space of sound change, lexical distribution, and hypothesis selection. Language 91(2): e40–e70.Google Scholar
Morris, Joanna, Porter, James H., Grainger, Jonathan, and Holcomb, Phillip J.. 2011. Effects of lexical status and morphological complexity in masked priming: An ERP study. Language and Cognitive Processes 26(4–6): 558–599.Google Scholar
Moscoso del Prado Martín, Fermín, Bertram, Raymond, Häikiö, Tuomo, Schreuder, Robert, and Baayen, R. Harald. 2004. Morphological family size in a morphologically rich language: The case of Finnish compared with Dutch and Hebrew. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 30(6): 1271–1278. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.30.6.1271Google Scholar
Moscoso del Prado Martín, Fermín, Deutsch, Avital, Frost, Ram, Schreuder, Robert, De Jong, Nivja H., and Baayen, R. Harald. 2005. Changing places: A cross-language perspective on frequency and family size in Dutch and Hebrew. Journal of Memory and Language 53(4): 496–512.Google Scholar
Müller, Gereon. 2007. Notes on paradigm economy. Morphology 17: 1–38.Google Scholar
Needle, Jeremy M. 2018. Gradient typicality and indexical associations in morphology. Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern University.Google Scholar
Needle, Jeremy M. and Pierrehumbert, Janet B.. 2018. Gendered associations of English morphology. Laboratory Phonology 9(1): Article 14, 1–23.Google Scholar
Nevins, Andrew. 2006. Dual is still more marked than plural. MS, Harvard University. Available online: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.596.7533&rep=rep1&type=pdfGoogle Scholar
Nevins, Andrew I. 2011. Marked targets versus marked triggers and impoverishment of the dual. Linguistic Inquiry 42: 413–444.Google Scholar
Newman, Aaron J., Ullman, Michael T., Pancheva, Roumyana, Waligura, Diane L., and Neville, Helen J.. 2007. An ERP study of regular and irregular English past tense inflection. NeuroImage 34(1): 435–445.Google Scholar
Newmeyer, Frederick J. 2003. Grammar is grammar and usage is usage. Language 79(4): 682–707.Google Scholar
Newmeyer, Frederick J. 2004. Typological evidence and Universal Grammar. Studies in Language 28(3): 527–548.Google Scholar
Newmeyer, Frederick J. 2005. Possible and probable languages: A generative perspective on linguistic typology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Newport, Elissa L. and Aslin, Richard N.. 2004. Learning at a distance I. Statistical learning of non-adjacent dependencies. Cognitive Psychology 48: 127–162.Google Scholar
Niswander, Elizabeth, Pollatsek, Alexander, and Rayner, Keith. 2000. The processing of derived and inflected suffixed words during reading. Language and Cognitive Processes 15(4–5): 389–420.Google Scholar
Nixon, Jessie S. 2020. Of mice and men: Speech sound acquisition as discriminative learning from prediction error, not just statistical tracking. Cognition 197: 104081.Google Scholar
Norcliffe, Elisabeth, Harris, Alice C., and Jaeger, T. Florian. 2015. Cross-linguistic psycholinguistics and its critical role in theory development: Early beginnings and recent advances. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 30(9): 1009–1032.Google Scholar
Norde, Muriel and Van de Velde, Freek, eds. 2016. Exaptation and language change. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Norris, Dennis and McQueen, James M.. 2008. Shortlist B: A Bayesian model of continuous speech recognition. Psychological Review 115(2): 357–395.Google Scholar
Novak, Josef R., Minematsu, Nobuaki, and Hirose, Keikichi. 2012. WFST-based grapheme-to-phoneme conversion: Open source tools for alignment, model-building and decoding. In Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Finite State Methods and Natural Language Processing, July 23–25, 2012, University of the Basque Country, Donostia-San Sebastián, edited by Alegria, Iñaki and Hulden, Mans, 45–49. Stroudsburg, PA: The Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Novak, Josef, Yang, Dong, Minematsu, Nobuaki, and Hirose, Keikichi. 2011. Initial and evaluations of an open source WFST-based phoneticizer. Tokyo: The University of Tokyo, Tokyo Institute of Technology.Google Scholar
Nusbaum, Howard C., Pisoni, David B., and Davis, Christopher K.. 1984. Sizing up the Hoosier Mental Lexicon. In Research on spoken language processing, progress report no. 10, 357–376. Bloomington: Department of Psychology, Indiana University.Google Scholar
O’Donnell, Timothy J. 2015. Productivity and reuse in language. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Oganyan, Marina, Wright, Richard, and Herschensohn, Julia. 2019. The role of the root in auditory word recognition of Hebrew. Cortex 116: 286–293.Google Scholar
Ohala, John J. 1993. The phonetics of sound change. In Historical linguistics: Problems and perspectives, edited by Jones, Charles, 237–378. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Orfanidou, Eleni, Davis, Matthew H., and Marslen-Wilson, William D.. 2011. Orthographic and semantic opacity in masked and delayed priming: Evidence from Greek. Language and Cognitive Processes 26(4–6): 530–557.Google Scholar
Oyama, Susan, Griffiths, Paul E., and Gray, Russell D., eds. 2001. Cycles of contingency: Developmental systems and evolution. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Packheiser, Julian, Pusch, Ronald, Stein, Clara C., Güntürkün, Onur, Lachnit, Harald, and Uengoer, Metin. 2020. How competitive is cue competition? The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 73: 104–114.Google Scholar
Paice, Chris D. 1990. Another stemmer. ACM SIGIR Forum 24(3): 56–61.Google Scholar
Parker, Jeff. 2016. Inflectional complexity and cognitive processing: An experimental and corpus-based investigation of Russian nouns. Ph.D. thesis, The Ohio State University.Google Scholar
Parker, Jeff and Sims, Andrea D.. 2020. Irregularity, paradigmatic layers, and the complexity of inflection class systems: A study of Russian nouns. In The complexities of morphology, edited by Arkadiev, Peter and Gardani, Francesco, 1–51. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pastizzo, Matthew J. and Feldman, Laurie Beth. 2009. Multiple dimensions of relatedness among words: Conjoint effects of form and meaning in word recognition. The Mental Lexicon 4(1): 1–25. doi: 10.1075/ml.4.1.01pasGoogle Scholar
Pearl, Lisa and Goldwater, Sharon. 2016. Statistical learning, inductive bias, and Bayesian inference in language acquisition. In The Oxford handbook of developmental linguistics, edited by Lidz, Jeffrey, Snyder, William, and Pater, Joe, 664–695. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Perfors, Amy, Ransom, Keith, and Navarro, Daniel J.. 2014. People ignore token frequency when deciding how widely to generalize. In Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci 2014), edited by Bello, Paul, Guarini, Marcello, McShane, Marjorie, and Scassellati, Brian, 2759–2764. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Google Scholar
Perfors, Amy, Tenenbaum, Joshua B., and Regier, Terry. 2011. The learnability of abstract syntactic principles. Cognition 118: 306–338.Google Scholar
Perkins, Revere D. 1992. Deixis, grammar, and culture. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Pham, Hien and Baayen, R. Harald. 2015. Vietnamese compounds show an anti-frequency effect in visual lexical decision. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 30(9): 1077–1095.Google Scholar
Piantadosi, Steven T., Tily, Harry J., and Gibson, Edward. 2009. The communicative lexicon hypothesis. In Proceedings of the 31st Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci 2009), edited by Taatgen, Niels and van Rijn, Hedderik, 2582–2587. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Google Scholar
Piantadosi, Steven T., Tily, Harry J., and Gibson, Edward. 2011. Word lengths are optimized for efficient communication. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108(9): 3526–3529.Google Scholar
Pierrehumbert, Janet B. 1999. Formalizing functionalism. In Functionalism and formalism in linguistics, vol. 1: General papers, edited by Darnell, Michael, Moravscik, Edith, Newmeyer, Frederick J., Noonan, Michael, and Wheatley, Kathleen, 287–304. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Pierrehumbert, Janet B. 2001. Exemplar dynamics: Word frequency, lenition, and contrast. In Frequency and the emergence of linguistic structure, edited by Bybee, Joan L. and Hopper, Paul J., 137–157. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Pierrehumbert, Janet B. 2003. Probabilistic phonology: Discrimination and robustness. In Probabilistic linguistics, edited by Bod, Rens, Hay, Jennifer, and Jannedy, Stefanie, 177–228. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Pierrehumbert, Janet. 2012. The dynamic lexicon. In The Oxford handbook of laboratory phonology, edited by Cohn, Abigail C., Fougeron, Cécile, and Huffman, Marie K., 173–183. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Pigliucci, Massimo and Kaplan, Jonathan. 2000. The fall and rise of Dr Pangloss: Adaptationism and the Spandrels paper 20 years later. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 15(2): 66–70.Google Scholar
Pinker, Steven. 1982. A theory of the acquisition of lexical-interpretive grammars. In The mental representation of grammatical relations, edited by Bresnan, Joan, 655–726. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Pinker, Steven. 1989. Learnability and cognition: The acquisition of argument structure. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Pinker, Steven. 2015. Words and rules: The ingredients of language. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Pinker, Steven and Ullman, Michael T.. 2002. The past and future of the past tense. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 6(11): 456–463.Google Scholar
Plag, Ingo. 1999. Morphological productivity: Structural constraints in English derivation. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Plag, Ingo. 2002. The role of selectional restrictions, phonotactics and parsing in constraining suffix ordering in English. In Yearbook of morphology 2001, edited by Booij, Geert and van Marle, Jaap, 285–314. Dordrecht: Springer.Google Scholar
Plag, Ingo. 2003. Word-formation in English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Plag, Ingo. 2005. Productivity. In Encyclopedia of language and linguistics, vol. 10, 2nd ed., edited by Brown, Keith, 121–128. New York: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Plag, Ingo and Baayen, R. Harald. 2009. Suffix ordering and morphological processing. Language 85(1): 109–152.Google Scholar
Plank, Frans. 1998. The co-variation of phonology with morphology and syntax: A hopeful history. Linguistic Typology 2: 195–230.Google Scholar
Plank, Frans. 1999. Split morphology: How agglutination and flexion mix. Linguistic Typology 3: 279–340.Google Scholar
Plank, Frans and Filiminova, Elena. 2000. The Universals Archive: A brief introduction for prospective users. Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung 53(1): 109–123.Google Scholar
Plaut, David C. and Gonnerman, Laura M.. 2000. Are non-semantic morphological effects incompatible with a distributed connectionist approach to lexical processing? Language and Cognitive Processes 15(4–5): 445–485.Google Scholar
Plunkett, Kim and Marchman, Virginia. 1991. U-shaped learning and frequency effects in a multi-layered perception: Implications for child language acquisition. Cognition 38(1): 43–102.Google Scholar
Prunet, Jean-François, Béland, Renée, and Idrissi, Ali. 2000. The mental representation of Semitic words. Linguistic Inquiry 31(4): 609–648.Google Scholar
Pullum, Geoffrey K. and Scholz, Barbara C.. 2002. Empirical assessment of stimulus poverty arguments. The Linguistic Review 19(1–2): 9–50.Google Scholar
Pycha, Anne, Nowak, Pawel, Shin, Eurie, and Shosted, Ryan. 2003. Phonological rule-learning and its implications for a theory of vowel harmony. In WCCFL 22: Proceedings of the 22nd West Coast Conference of Formal Linguistics, edited by Garding, Gina and Tsujimura, Mimu, 101–113. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla.Google Scholar
R Development Core Team. 2018. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available online: http://www.R-project.org/Google Scholar
Rácz, Péter, Pierrehumbert, Janet B., Hay, Jennifer, and Papp, Viktória. 2015. Morphological emergence. In The handbook of language emergence, edited by MacWhinney, Brian and O'Grady, William, 123–146. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Raffelsiefen, Renate. 1992. A nonconfigurational approach to morphology. In Morphology now, edited by Aronoff, Mark, 133–162. Albany: SUNY Press.Google Scholar
Raffelsiefen, Renate. 1999. Phonological constraints on English word formation. In Yearbook of morphology 1998, edited by Booij, Geert and van Marle, Jaap, 225–288. Dordrecht: Foris.Google Scholar
Ramscar, Michael, Dye, Melody, Blevins, James P., and Baayen, R. Harald. 2018. Morphological development. In Handbook of communication disorders: Theoretical, empirical, and applied linguistic perspectives, edited by Bar-On, Amalia and Ravid, Dorit, 181–202. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.Google Scholar
Ramscar, Michael, Dye, Melody, and McCauley, Stewart M.. 2013. Expectation and error distribution in language learning: The curious absence of ‘mouses’ in adult speech. Language 89(4): 760–793.Google Scholar
Ramscar, Michael, Yarlett, Daniel, Dye, Melody, Denny, Katie, and Thorpe, Kirsten. 2010. The effects of feature-label-order and their implications for symbolic learning. Cognitive Science 34: 909–957.Google Scholar
Rastle, Kathleen and Davis, Matthew H.. 2008. Morphological decomposition is based on the analysis of orthography. Language and Cognitive Processes 23: 942–971.Google Scholar
Rastle, Kathleen, Davis, Matthew H., Marslen-Wilson, William D., and Tyler, Lorraine Komisarjevsky. 2000. Morphological and semantic effects in visual word recognition: A time-course study. Language and Cognitive Processes 15: 507–537.Google Scholar
Rastle, Kathleen, Davis, Matthew H., and New, Boris. 2004. The broth in my brother’s brothel: Morpho-orthographic segmentation in visual word recognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 11(6): 1090–1098.Google Scholar
Raviv, Limor, Mejer, Antje, and Lev-Ari, Shiri. 2019. Larger communities create more systematic languages. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286: Article 20191262. doi: 0.1098/rspb.2019.1262Google Scholar
Reali, Florencia, Chater, Nick, and Christiansen, Morten H.. 2014. The paradox of linguistic complexity and community size. In The evolution of language: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference (EVOLANG10), edited by Cartmill, Erica A., Roberts, Seán, Lyn, Heidi, and Cornish, Hannah, 270–277. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific.Google Scholar
Reali, Florencia and Christiansen, Morten H.. 2005. Uncovering the richness of the stimulus: Structure dependence and indirect statistical evidence. Cognitive Science 29(6): 1007–1028.Google Scholar
Reali, Florencia and Griffiths, Thomas L.. 2010. Words as alleles: Connecting language evolution with Bayesian learners to models of genetic drift. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277: 429–436.Google Scholar
Regier, Terry and Gahl, Susanne. 2004. Learning the unlearnable: The role of missing evidence. Cognition 93: 147–155.Google Scholar
Rescorla, Robert A. and Wagner, Arthur R.. 1972. A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: Variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement. In Classical conditioning II: Current research and theory, edited by Black, Abraham H. and Prokasy, William F., 64–99. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.Google Scholar
Reynolds, Robert. 2013. Out of order?: Russian prefixes, complexity-based ordering and acyclicity. University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics 19: 159–168.Google Scholar
Rice, Keren. 2011. Principles of affix ordering: An overview. Word Structure 4(2): 169–200.Google Scholar
Rice, Sean H. 2004. Evolutionary theory: Mathematical and conceptual foundations. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Richtsmeier, Peter T. 2011. Word-types, not word-tokens, facilitate extraction of phonotactic sequences by adults. Laboratory Phonology 2: 157–183.Google Scholar
Riedl, Rupert. 1977. A systems-analytical approach to macro-evolutionary phenomena. The Quarterly Review of Biology 52(4): 351–370.Google Scholar
Roberts, Gareth and Sneller, Betsy. 2020. Empirical foundations for an integrated study of language evolution. Language Dynamics and Change 10: 188–229.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, Alex and McShea, Daniel W.. 2008. Philosophy of biology: A contemporary introduction. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Rubino, Carl. 2013. Reduplication. In The world atlas of language structures online, edited by Dryer, Matthew S. and Haspelmath, Martin. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Available online: http://wals.info/chapter/27Google Scholar
Rueckl, Jay G. and Aicher, Karen A.. 2008. Are CORNER and BROTHER morphologically complex? Not in the long term. Language and Cognitive Processes 23(7–8): 972–1001.Google Scholar
Rueckl, Jay G., Mikolinski, Michelle, Raveh, Michal, Miner, Caroline S., and Mars, Frank. 1997. Morphological priming, fragment completion, and connectionist networks. Journal of Memory and Language 36(3): 382–405.Google Scholar
Rueckl, Jay G. and Raveh, Michal. 1999. The influence of morphological regularities on the dynamics of a connectionist network. Brain and Language 68(1–2): 110–117.Google Scholar
Rumelhart, David E., Hinton, Geoffrey E., and Williams, Ronald J.. 1986. Learning representations by back-propagating errors. Nature 323(6088): 533–536.Google Scholar
Ryan, Kevin M. 2010. Variable affix order: Grammar and learning. Language 86(4): 758–791.Google Scholar
Sampson, Geoffrey. 2002. Exploring the richness of the stimulus. The Linguistic Review 19(1–2): 73–104.Google Scholar
Sandler, Wendy, Meir, Irit, Padden, Carol A., and Aronoff, Mark. 2005. The emergence of grammar: Systematic structure in a new language. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102(7): 2661–2665.Google Scholar
Sandra, Dominiek. 1990. On the representation and processing of compound words: Automatic access to constituent morphemes does not occur. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 42(3): 529–567.Google Scholar
Sanford, Anthony J. and Graesser, Arthur C.. 2006. Shallow processing and underspecification. Discourse Processes 42(2): 99–108.Google Scholar
Sarkar, Sahotra and Plutynski, Anya, eds. 2008. A companion to the philosophy of biology. Malden, MA: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Schane, Sanford, Tranel, Bernard, and Lane, Harlan. 1974. On the psychological reality of a natural rule of syllable structure. Cognition 3: 351–358.Google Scholar
Schirmeier, Matthias K., Derwing, Bruce L., and Libben, Gary. 2004. Lexicality, morphological structure, and semantic transparency in the processing of German ver-verbs: The complementarity of on-line and off-line evidence. Brain and Language 90(1–3): 74–87.Google Scholar
Schmidtke, Daniel, Matsuki, Kazunaga, and Kuperman, Victor. 2016. Surviving blind decomposition: A distributional analysis of the time-course of complex word recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 43(11): 1793–1820.Google Scholar
Schreuder, Robert and Baayen, R. Harald. 1997. How complex simplex words can be. Journal of Memory and Language 37(1): 118–139.Google Scholar
Schreuder, Robert, Burani, Cristina, and Baayen, R. Harald. 2003. Parsing and semantic opacity. In Reading complex words: Cross-language studies, edited by Assink, Egbert M.H. and Sandra, Dominiek, 159–189. Boston: Springer.Google Scholar
Seidenberg, Mark S. and Gonnerman, Laura M.. 2000. Explaining derivational morphology as the convergence of codes. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4(9): 353–361.Google Scholar
Ševa, Nada, Kempe, Vera, Brooks, Patricia J., Mironova, Natalija, Pershukova, Angelina, and Fedorova, Olga. 2007. Crosslinguistic evidence for the diminutive advantage: Gender agreement in Russian and Serbian children. Journal of Child Language 34: 111–131.Google Scholar
Seyfarth, Scott. 2014. Word informativity influences acoustic duration: Effects of contextual predictability on lexical representation. Cognition 133(1): 140–155.Google Scholar
Shannon, C.E. 1948. A mathematical theory of communication. The Bell System Technical Journal 27(3): 379–423.Google Scholar
Shannon, C.E. 1951. Prediction and entropy of printed English. Bell Labs Technical Journal 30(1): 50–64.Google Scholar
Shaoul, Cyrus and Westbury, Chris. 2010. Exploring lexical co-occurrence space using HiDEx. Behavior Research Methods 42(2): 393–413.Google Scholar
Silveri, Maria C., Traficante, Daniela, Lo Monaco, Maria R., Iori, Laura, Sarchioni, Federica, and Burani, Cristina. 2018. Word selection processing in Parkinson’s disease: When nouns are more difficult than verbs. Cortex 100: 8–20.Google Scholar
Simon, Herbert A. 1974. How big is a chunk? Science 183(4124): 482–488.Google Scholar
Sims, Andrea D. 2015. Inflectional defectiveness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sims, Andrea D. 2019. Inflectional networks: Resources for graph-theoretic analysis of linguistic morphology, v. 1.0.1. [With contribution by Jeff Parker]. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.3594436. Available online: https://github.com/sims120/inflectional-networksGoogle Scholar
Sims, Andrea D. 2020. Inflectional networks: Graph-theoretic tools for inflectional typology. Proceedings of the Society for Computation in Linguistics 3: Article 10, 88–98.Google Scholar
Sims, Andrea D. and Parker, Jeff. 2015. Lexical processing and affix ordering: Cross-linguistic predictions. Morphology 25(1): 143–182.Google Scholar
Sims, Andrea D. and Parker, Jeff. 2016. How inflection class systems work: On the informativity of implicative structure. Word Structure 9: 215–239.Google Scholar
Sinclair, John. 1991. Corpus, concordance, collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Skoruppa, Katrin, Lambrechts, Anna, and Peperkamp, Sharon. 2011. The role of phonetic distance in the acquisition of phonological alternations. In NELS 39: Proceedings of the Thirty-ninth Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistics Society, vol. 2, edited by Lima, Suzi, Mullin, Kevin, and Smith, Brian, 717–730. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla.Google Scholar
Skousen, Royal. 1989. Analogical modeling of language. Dordrecht: Kluwer.Google Scholar
Slobin, Dan I. 1973. Cognitive prerequisites from the development of grammar. In Studies of child language development, edited by Ferguson, Charles A. and Slobin, Dan I., 175–208. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.Google Scholar
Slobin, Dan I. 1982. Universal and particular in the acquisition of language. In Language acquisition: The state of the art, edited by Wanner, Eric and Gleitman, Lila R., 128–170. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Slobin, Dan I. 1985. Crosslinguistic evidence for the language-making capacity. In The crosslinguistic study of language acquisition, edited by Slobin, Dan I., 1157–1256. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Slobin, Dan I. and Bever, Thomas G.. 1982. Children use canonical sentence schemas: A crosslinguistic study of word order and inflections. Cognition 58: 265–289.Google Scholar
Slowiaczek, Louisa M. and Pisoni, David B.. 1986. Effects of phonological similarity on priming in auditory lexical decision. Memory & Cognition 14(3): 230–237.Google Scholar
Smith, Kenny. 2009. Iterated learning in populations of Bayesian agents. In Proceedings of the Thirty-first Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, edited by Taatgen, Niels and van Rijn, Hedderik, 697–702. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.Google Scholar
Smith, Richard J. 2016. Explanations for adaptations, just-so stories, and limitations on evidence in evolutionary biology. Evolutionary Anthropology 25: 276–287.Google Scholar
Smolka, Eva, Gondan, Matthias, and Rösler, Frank. 2015. Take a stand on understanding: Electrophysiological evidence for stem access in German complex verbs. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 9: Article 62. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00062Google Scholar
Smolka, Eva, Komlósi, Sarolta, and Rösler, Frank. 2009. When semantics means less than morphology: Processing German prefixed verbs. Language and Cognitive Processes 24(3): 337–375.Google Scholar
Smolka, Eva, Libben, Gary, and Dressler, Wolfgang U.. 2018. When morphological structure overrides meaning: Evidence from German prefix and particle verbs. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 34(5): 599–614. doi: 10.1080/23273798.2018.1552006Google Scholar
Smolka, Eva, Preller, Katrin H., and Eulitz, Carsten. 2014. ‘Verstehen’ (‘understand’) primes ‘stehen’ (‘stand’): Morphological structure overrides semantic compositionality in the lexical representation of German complex verbs. Journal of Memory and Language 72: 16–36.Google Scholar
Snow, Rion, O'Connor, Brendan, Jurafsky, Daniel, and Ng, Andrew Y.. 2008. Cheap and fast–but is it good?: Evaluating non-expert annotations for natural language tasks. In EMNLP ’08: Proceedings of the conference on empirical methods in natural language processing, edited by Lapata, Mirella and Tou Ng, Hwee, 254–263. Stroudsburg, PA: Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Soukka, Maria. 2000. A descriptive grammar of Noon: A Cangin language of Senegal. Munich: LINCOM Europa.Google Scholar
Spagnol, Michael. 2011. A tale of two morphologies: Verb structure and argument alternations in Maltese. Ph.D. thesis, University of Konstanz.Google Scholar
Stanners, Robert F., Neiser, James J., Hernon, William P., and Hall, Roger. 1979. Memory representation for morphologically related words. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 18(4): 399–412.Google Scholar
Stefanowitsch, Anatol. 2008. Negative entrenchment: A usage-based approach to negative evidence. Cognitive Linguistics 19(3): 513–531.Google Scholar
Stephens, Christopher. 2008. Population genetics. In A companion to the philosophy of biology, edited by Sarkar, Sahotra and Plutynski, Anya, 119–137. Malden, MA: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Sterne, Jonathan A.C. and Harbord, Roger M.. 2004. Funnel plots in meta-analysis. The Stata Journal 4(2): 127–141.Google Scholar
Storkel, Holly L. 2004. Do children acquire dense neighborhoods? An investigation of similarity neighborhoods in lexical acquisition. Applied Psycholinguistics 25(2): 201–221.Google Scholar
Storkel, Holly L., Armbrüster, Jonna, and Hogan, Tiffany P.. 2006. Differentiating phonotactic probability and neighborhood density in adult word learning. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 49(6): 1175–1192.Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory. 2016. Inflectional paradigms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory. 2017a. Polyfunctionality and the variety of inflectional exponence relations. In Perspectives on morphological organization: Data and analyses, edited by Kiefer, Ferenc, Blevins, James P., and Bartos, Huba, 11–30. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory. 2017b. Rule conflation in an inferential-realizational theory of morphotactics. Acta Linguistica Academica 64(1): 79–124. Available online: http://akademiai.com/loi/2062Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory. 2017c. Rules and blocks. In On looking into words (and beyond), edited by Bowern, Claire, Horn, Laurence, and Zanuttini, Raffaella, 421–440. Berlin: Language Science Press.Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory. 2019a. An apparently noncanonical pattern of morphotactic competition. In Competition in inflection and word-formation, edited by Rainer, Franz, Gardani, Francesco, Dressler, Wolfgang, and Luschützky, Hans Christian, 259–278. Berlin: Springer.Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory. 2019b. Paradigm Function Morphology: Assumptions and innovations. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics, edited by Aronoff, Mark. Available online: https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.578Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory. 2019c. Some sources of apparent gaps in derivational paradigms. Morphology 29: 271–292.Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory. 2020. Complex exponents. In Complex words: Advances in morphology, edited by Körtvélyessy, Lívia and Štekauer, Pavol, 159–174. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory. 2021. Conditional exponence. In All things morphology: Its independence and interfaces, edited by Moradi, Sedigheh, Haag, Marcia, Rees-Miller, Janie, and Petrovic, Andrija, 255–278. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Stump, Gregory and Finkel, Raphael A.. 2013. Morphological typology: From word to paradigm. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sweetser, Eve E. 1988. Grammaticalization and semantic bleaching. In Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, edited by Axmaker, Shelley, Jaisser, Annie, and Singmaster, Helen, 389–405. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Linguistics Society.Google Scholar
Taft, Marcus. 1979. Recognition of affixed words and the word frequency effect. Memory & Cognition 7(4): 263–272.Google Scholar
Taft, Marcus. 2004. Morphological decomposition and the reverse base frequency effect. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 57(4): 745–765.Google Scholar
Taft, Marcus and Forster, Kenneth I.. 1975. Lexical storage and retrieval of prefixed words. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 14(6): 638–647.Google Scholar
Taft, Marcus, Hambly, Gail, and Kinoshita, Sachiko. 1986. Visual and auditory recognition of prefixed words. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 38(3): 351–365.Google Scholar
Taft, Marcus and Nguyen-Hoan, Minh. 2010. A sticky stick? The locus of morphological representation in the lexicon. Language and Cognitive Processes 25(2): 277–296.Google Scholar
Tesar, Bruce and Smolensky, Paul. 1998. Learnability in Optimality Theory. Linguistic Inquiry 29: 229–268.Google Scholar
Thornton, Anna M. 2011. Overabundance (multiple forms realizing the same cell): A non-canonical phenomenon in Italian verb morphology. In Morphological autonomy: Perspectives from Romance inflectional morphology, edited by Maiden, Martin, Smith, John Charles, Goldbach, Maria, and Marc-Olivier, Hinzelin, 358–381. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Thurston, William R. 1987. Processes of change in the languages of north-western New Britain. Canberra: Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University.Google Scholar
Thurston, William R. 1992. Sociolinguistic typology and other factors effecting change in north-western New Britain, Papua New Guinea. In Culture change, language change: Case studies from Melanesia, edited by Dutton, Tom, 123–139. Canberra: Department of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University.Google Scholar
Tiersma, Peter Meijes. 1982. Local and general markedness. Language 58: 832–849.Google Scholar
Tily, Harry and Jaeger, T. Florian. 2011. Complementing quantitative typology with behavioral approaches: Evidence for typological universals. Linguistic Typology 15: 497–508.Google Scholar
Tkachman, Oksana and Meir, Irit. 2018. Novel compounding and the emergence of structure in two young sign languages. Glossa 3(1): 1–40.Google Scholar
Tomasello, Michael. 1995. Language is not an instinct. Cognitive Development 10: 131–156.Google Scholar
Tomasello, Michael and Stahl, Daniel. 2004. Sampling children’s spontaneous speech: How much is enough? Journal of Child Language 31(1): 101–121.Google Scholar
Toscano, Joseph C. and McMurray, Bob. 2015. The time-course of speaking rate compensation: Effects of sentential rate and vowel length on voicing judgments. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 30(5): 529–543.Google Scholar
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs. 1988. Pragmatic strengthening and grammaticalization. Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, edited by Axmaker, Shelley, Jaisser, Annie, and Singmaster, Helen, 406–416. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Linguistics Society.Google Scholar
Traugott, Elizabeth Closs and Koenig, Ekkehard. 1991. The semantics-pragmatics of grammaticization revisited. In Approaches to grammaticalization, vol. 1, edited by Traugott, Elizabeth Closs and Heine, Bernard, 189–238. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Trudgill, Peter. 2009. Sociolinguistic typology and complexification. In Language complexity as an evolving variable, edited by Sampson, Geoffrey, Gil, David, and Trudgill, Peter, 98–109. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Trudgill, Peter. 2011. Sociolinguistic typology: Social determinants of linguistic complexity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Trudgill, Peter. 2016. The sociolinguistics of non-equicomplexity. In Complexity, isolation, and variation, edited by Baechler, Raffaela and Seiler, Guido, 159–170. Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar
Twist, Alina E. 2006. A psycholinguistic investigation of the verbal morphology of Maltese. Ph.D. thesis, University of Arizona.Google Scholar
Tyler, Lorraine Komisarjevsky and Cobb, Howard. 1987. Processing bound grammatical morphemes in context: The case of an aphasic patient. Language and Cognitive Processes 2(3–4): 245–262.Google Scholar
Tyler, Lorraine Komisarjevsky, Marslen-Wilson, William D., Rentoul, James, and Hanney, Peter. 1988. Continuous and discontinuous access in spoken word-recognition: The role of derivational prefixes. Journal of Memory and Language 27(4): 368–381.Google Scholar
Uddén, Julia and Männel, Claudia. 2018. Artificial grammar learning and its neurobiology in relation to language processing and development. In The Oxford handbook of psycholinguistics, 2nd ed., edited by Reuschemeyer, Shirley-Ann and Gareth Gaskell, M., 755–783. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Underwood, Geoffrey, Schmitt, Norbert, and Galpin, Adam. 2004. The eyes have it: An eye-movement study into the processing of formulaic sequences. In Formulaic sequences: Acquisition, processing, and use, edited by Schmitt, Norbert, 153–172. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Ussishkin, Adam. 1999. The inadequacy of the consonantal root: Modern Hebrew denominal verbs and output-output correspondence. Phonology 16(3): 401–442.Google Scholar
Ussishkin, Adam. 2000. The emergence of fixed prosody. Ph.D. thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz.Google Scholar
Ussishkin, Adam. 2017. The Semitic firewall: Maltese roots and lexical access. Invited keynote talk, Roots V Workshop, Department of Linguistics of Queen Mary, University of London and the Department of Linguistics of University College London, June 17, 2017.Google Scholar
Ussishkin, Adam, Dawson, Colin, Wedel, Andrew, and Schluter, Kevin. 2015. Auditory masked priming in Maltese spoken word recognition. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 30(9): 1096–1115.Google Scholar
Van Berkum, Jos J.A., Brown, Colin M., Zwitserlood, Pienie, Kooijman, Valesca, and Hagoort, Peter. 2005. Anticipating upcoming words in discourse: Evidence from ERPs and reading times. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 31(3): 443–467.Google Scholar
Van Berkum, Jos J.A., Hagoort, Peter, and Brown, Colin M.. 1999. Semantic integration in sentences and discourse: Evidence from the N400. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 11(6): 657–671.Google Scholar
van Son, R.J.J.H. and Pols, Louis C.W.. 2003. How efficient is speech? Institute of Phonetic Sciences (IFA) Proceedings 25: 171–184.Google Scholar
Vannest, Jennifer, Newport, Elissa L., Newman, Aaron J., and Bavelier, Daphne. 2011. Interplay between morphology and frequency in lexical access: The case of the base frequency effect. Brain Research 1373: 144–159.Google Scholar
Velan, Hadas, Frost, Ram, Deutsch, Avital, and Plaut, David C.. 2005. The processing of root morphemes in Hebrew: Contrasting localist and distributed accounts. Language and Cognitive Processes 20(1–2): 169–206.Google Scholar
Veríssimo, João. 2018. Semantic effects in morphological priming: The case of Hebrew stems. Language and Speech 62(4): 737–750.Google Scholar
Veríssimo, João and Clahsen, Harald. 2009. Morphological priming by itself: A study of Portuguese conjugations. Cognition 112(1): 187–194.Google Scholar
Veríssimo, João and Clahsen, Harald. 2014. Variables and similarity in linguistic generalization: Evidence from inflectional classes in Portuguese. Journal of Memory and Language 76: 61–79.Google Scholar
Versteegh, Kees. 1997. Landmarks in linguistic thought III: The Arabic linguistic tradition. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Vitevitch, Michael S. and Luce, Paul A.. 1999. Probabilistic phonotactics and neighborhood activation in spoken word recognition. Journal of Memory and Language 40(3): 374–408.Google Scholar
Vitevitch, Michael S. and Luce, Paul A.. 2004. A web-based interface to calculate phonotactic probability for words and nonwords in English. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 36(3): 481–487.Google Scholar
Vitevitch, Michael S. and Luce, Paul A.. 2016. Phonological neighborhood effects in spoken word perception and production. Annual Review of Linguistics 2: 75–94.Google Scholar
Vitevitch, Michael S., Luce, Paul A., Pisoni, David B., and Auer, Edward T.. 1999. Phonotactics, neighborhood activation, and lexical access for spoken words. Brain and Language 68(1–2): 306–311.Google Scholar
Vitevitch, Michael S. and Eva, Rodríguez. 2005. Neighborhood density effects in spoken word recognition in Spanish. Journal of Multilingual Communication Disorders 3(1): 64–73.Google Scholar
Vitevitch, Michael S., Stamer, Melissa K., and Sereno, Joan A.. 2008. Word length and lexical competition: Longer is the same as shorter. Language and Speech 51(4): 361–383.Google Scholar
Warriner, Amy Beth, Kuperman, Victor, and Brysbaert, Marc. 2013. Norms of valence, arousal, and dominance for 13,915 English lemmas. Behavior Research Methods 45(4): 1191–1207.Google Scholar
Weber, Andrea and Scharenborg, Odette. 2012. Models of spoken-word recognition. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science 3(3): 387–401.Google Scholar
Wedel, Andrew and Fatkullin, Ibrahim. 2017. Category competition as a driver of category contrast. Journal of Language Evolution 2(1): 77–93.Google Scholar
Wedel, Andrew, Kaplan, Abby, and Jackson, Scott. 2013. High functional load inhibits phonological contrast loss: A corpus study. Cognition 128(2): 179–186.Google Scholar
Weide, R. 1996. Carnegie Mellon University pronouncing dictionary. Available online: http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/cgi-bin/cmudictGoogle Scholar
White, James Clifford. 2013. Bias in phonological learning: Evidence from saltation. Ph.D. thesis, University of California Los Angeles.Google Scholar
White, James Clifford. 2014. Evidence for a learning bias against saltatory phonological alternations. Cognition 130: 96–115.Google Scholar
Whyte, Lancelot L. 1965. Internal factors of evolution. New York: G. Braziller.Google Scholar
Wickham, Hadley. 2009. ggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis. New York: Springer-Verlag. Available online: https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/Google Scholar
Williams, Edwin. 1981. On the notions ‘lexically related’ and ‘head of a word.’ Linguistic Inquiry 12: 245–274.Google Scholar
Wilmoth, Sasha and Mansfield, John. 2021. Inflectional predictability and prosodic morphology in Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara. Morphology 31: 355–381.Google Scholar
Wilson, Colin. 2006. Learning phonology with substantive bias: An experimental and computational study of velar palatalization. Cognitive Science 30: 945–982.Google Scholar
Wilson, Colin and Gallagher, Gillian. 2018. Accidental gaps and surface-based phonotactic learning: A case study of South Bolivian Quechua. Linguistic Inquiry 49(3): 610–623.Google Scholar
Winter, Bodo and Wedel, Andrew. 2016. The coevolution of speech and the lexicon: The interaction of functional pressures, redundancy, and category variation. Topics in Cognitive Science 8(2): 503–513.Google Scholar
Witzel, Jeffrey, Cornelius, Samantha, Witzel, Naoko, Forster, Kenneth I., and Forster, Jonathan C.. 2013. Testing the viability of webDMDX for masked priming experiments. The Mental Lexicon 8(3): 421–449.Google Scholar
Wray, Alison. 2002. Formulaic language and the lexicon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wray, Alison and Grace, George W.. 2007. The consequences of talking to strangers: Evolutionary corollaries of socio-cultural influences on linguistic form. Lingua 117: 543–578.Google Scholar
Wray, Samantha. 2016. Decomposability and the effects of morpheme frequency in lexical access. Ph.D. thesis, University of Arizona.Google Scholar
Wright, Joseph. 1907. Historical German grammar: Phonology, word-formation, and accidence, vol. 1. London: Oxford University, Geoffrey Cumberlege.Google Scholar
Wurm, Lee H. 2000. Auditory processing of polymorphemic pseudowords. Journal of Memory and Language 42(2): 255–271.Google Scholar
Wurm, Lee H., Cano, Annmarie, and Barenboym, Diana A.. 2011. Ratings gathered on-line versus in person. The Mental Lexicon 6(2): 325–350.Google Scholar
Wurm, Lee H. and Fisicaro, Sebastiano A.. 2014. What residualizing predictors in regression analyses does (and what it does not do). Journal of Memory and Language 72: 37–48.Google Scholar
Wurzel, Wolfgang Ullrich 1987. System-dependent morphological naturalness in inflection. In Leitmotifs in natural morphology, edited by Dressler, Wolfgang U., Mayerthaler, Willi, Panagl, Oswald, and Wurzel, Wolfgang Ullrich, 59–96. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Xu, Fei and Tenenbaum, Joshua B.. 2007. Word learning as Bayesian inference. Psychological Review 114(2): 245–272.Google Scholar
Xu, Joe and Taft, Marcus. 2015. The effects of semantic transparency and base frequency on the recognition of English complex words. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 41: 904–910.Google Scholar
Yin, Sora Heng and White, James Clifford. 2018. Neutralization and homophony avoidance in phonological learning. Cognition 179: 89–101.Google Scholar
Young, Derek S. 2010. {tolerance}: An {R} package for estimating tolerance intervals. Journal of Statistical Software 36(5): 1–39.Google Scholar
Yu, Chen and Smith, Linda B.. 2012. Modeling cross-situational word-referent learning: Prior questions. Psychological Review 119(1): 21–39.Google Scholar
Ziegler, Johannes C., Muneaux, Mathilde, and Grainger, Jonathan. 2003. Neighborhood effects in auditory word recognition: Phonological competition and orthographic facilitation. Journal of Memory and Language 48(4): 779–793.Google Scholar
Zipf, George Kingsley. 1935. The psycho-biology of language: An introduction to dynamic philology. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Zipf, George Kingsley. 1949. Human behavior and the principle of least effort: An introduction to human ecology. Cambridge, MA: Addison-Wesley.Google Scholar
Zwitserlood, Pienie. 1994. The role of semantic transparency in the processing and representation of Dutch compounds. Language and Cognitive Processes 9(3): 341–368.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • References
  • Edited by Andrea D. Sims, Ohio State University, Adam Ussishkin, University of Arizona, Jeff Parker, Brigham Young University, Utah, Samantha Wray, Dartmouth College, New Hampshire
  • Book: Morphological Diversity and Linguistic Cognition
  • Online publication: 19 May 2022
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108807951.012
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • References
  • Edited by Andrea D. Sims, Ohio State University, Adam Ussishkin, University of Arizona, Jeff Parker, Brigham Young University, Utah, Samantha Wray, Dartmouth College, New Hampshire
  • Book: Morphological Diversity and Linguistic Cognition
  • Online publication: 19 May 2022
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108807951.012
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • References
  • Edited by Andrea D. Sims, Ohio State University, Adam Ussishkin, University of Arizona, Jeff Parker, Brigham Young University, Utah, Samantha Wray, Dartmouth College, New Hampshire
  • Book: Morphological Diversity and Linguistic Cognition
  • Online publication: 19 May 2022
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108807951.012
Available formats
×