The second half of this book attempts to reconstruct an alternative account of human dignity and to evaluate how far its critical credentials in political reflection can be vindicated. The account I will offer is revisionary in that it drops any presumption that human dignity is a preset value standing apart from the transactions and routines of everyday life. It aims to liberate the central dignitarian intuition that all lives matter, and should be valued accordingly, from the two traditionalist mainstays rejected in earlier chapters: on the one hand, the assumption that human dignity is immutably possessed by persons; and on the other, that it consists in an idealized relation of equality defining a kind of dignitarian kallipolis like Kant’s “kingdom of ends.” Instead, the revisionist proposes that human dignity is a transient, vulnerable, and socially extended quality whose emergence depends on the character of concrete, organized, interaction under actually existing regimes.