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Chapter 21 - Kardashev’s Types and Sparks’ Law

How to Build Civilization 1.0

from Part IV - Scientia Humanitatis: Reflections on Scientific Humanism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2020

Michael Shermer
Michael Shermer
Affiliation:
Chapman University, California
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Summary

A shorter version of this essay was originally published in the Los Angeles Times opinion editorial pages on July 22, 2008, as “Toward a Type 1 Civilization: Along with energy policy, political and economic systems must also evolve.” This essay is about how we can transition from a zero-sum tribal world to a nonzero global world.

Keywords

Nikolai KardashevCarl SaganRudolf J. RummelJohn C. SparksMoore’s Law
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Giving the Devil his Due
Reflections of a Scientific Humanist
 , pp. 243 - 253
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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