Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T01:55:03.597Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

19 - Field endocrinology: monitoring hormonal changes in free-ranging primates

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

J. Keith Hodges
Affiliation:
German Primate Centre, Göttingen
Michael Heistermann
Affiliation:
German Primate Centre, Göttingen
Joanna M. Setchell
Affiliation:
University of Surrey, Roehampton
Deborah J. Curtis
Affiliation:
University of Surrey, Roehampton
Get access

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Field endocrinology can be considered as the application of non-invasive methodologies to examine behavioural–endocrine interactions in primates living in natural conditions and social settings. In bringing together laboratory and field-based research methods, the discipline is providing new and exciting opportunities for developing a more integrated approach to studies of primate behavioural ecology (in this chapter ‘primate’ implies non-human primate).

Traditionally, field studies have relied mainly on visual measures, such as behaviour and/or morphology. Although this has generated a great deal of essential information, its limitation is that interpretation of the meaning of an observation is often based on assumptions concerning the physiological context in which it was made. The availability of non-invasive methodologies, based on measurement of hormones in either urine or faeces, now provides us with quantitative measures (of physiological status) by which the significance of these observational field data can be gauged. In turn, this greatly facilitates the testing of hypotheses concerning the adaptive significance of behavioural traits or mating systems and is helping to provide new insights into reproductive processes in an evolutionary context. For a comprehensive review of the topic of field endocrinology and its application to studies in primatology, readers should consult Whitten et al. (1998a).

Type
Chapter
Information
Field and Laboratory Methods in Primatology
A Practical Guide
, pp. 282 - 294
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bahr, N., Palme, R., Möhle, U., Hodges, J. K. & Heistermann, M. (2000). Comparative aspects of the metabolism and excretion of cortisol in three individual non-human primates. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 117, 427–38CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brockman, D. K. & Whitten, P. L. (1996). Reproduction in free-ranging Propithecus verreauxi: estrus and the relationship between multiple partner matings and fertilization. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 100, 57–693.0.CO;2-A>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brockman, D. K., Whitten, P. L., Richard, A. F. & Schneider, A. (1998). Reproduction in freeranging male Propithecus verreauxi: the hormonal correlates of mating and aggression. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 105, 137–513.0.CO;2-S>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, C. J., Shideler, S. E., Todd, H. E. & Lasley, B. L. (2001). Fecal analysis of ovarian cycles in female black-handed spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi). Am. J. Primatol. 54, 79–89CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carosi, M., Heistermann, M. & Visalberghi, E. (1999). Display of proceptive behaviours in relation to urinary and fecal progestin levels over the ovarian cycle in female tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). Horm. Behav. 36, 252–65CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cavigelli, S. A. (1999). Behavioural patterns associated with faecal cortisol levels in free-ranging female ring-tailed lemurs, Lemur catta. Anim. Behav. 57, 935–44CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crockett, C. M., Bowers, C. L., Sackett, G. P. & Bowden, D. M. (1993). Urinary cortisol responses of long-tailed macaques to five cage sizes, tethering, sedation, and room change. Am. J. Primatol. 30, 55–74CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curtis, D. J., Zaramody, A., Green, D. I. & Pickard, A. R. (2000). Non-invasive monitoring of reproductive status in wild mongoose lemurs (Eulemur mongoz). Reprod. Fert. Develop. 12, 21–9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
French, J. A., De Vleeschouwer, K., Bales, K. & Heistermann, M. (2002). Lion tamarin reproductive biology. In Lion Tamarins: Biology and Conservation, ed. D. G. Kleiman & A. B. Rylands, pp. 133–56. Washington, DC: Smithonian Institution Press
Fujita, S., Mitsunaga, F., Sugiura, H. & Shimizu, K. (2001). Measurement of urinary and fecal steroid metabolites during the ovarian cycle in captive and wild Japanese macaques, Macaca fuscata. Am. J. Primatol. 53, 167–76CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heistermann, M., Tari, S. & Hodges, J. K. (1993). Measurement of faecal steroids for monitoring ovarian function in New World primates, Callitrichidae. J. Reprod. Fert. 99, 243–51CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heistermann, M., Finke, M. & Hodges, J. K. (1995a). Assessment of female reproductive status in captive-housed Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus) by measurement of urinary and fecal steroid excretion patterns. Am. J. Primatol. 37, 275–84CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heistermann, M., Möstl, E. & Hodges, J. K. (1995b). Non-invasive endocrine monitoring of female reproductive status: Methods and applications to captive breeding and conservation of exotic species. In Research and Captive Propagation, ed. U. Ganslosser, J. K. Hodges & W. Kaumanns, pp. 36–48. Erlangen: Filander Verlag GmbH
Heistermann, M., Möhle, U., Vervaecke, H., Elsacker, L. & Hodges, J. K. (1996). Application of urinary and fecal steroid measurements for monitoring ovarian function and pregnancy in the bonobo (Pan paniscus) and evaluation of perineal swelling patterns in relation to endocrine events. Biol. Reprod. 55, 844–53CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heistermann, M., Uhrigshardt, J., Husung, A., Kaumanns, W. & Hodges, J. K. (2001a). Measurement of faecal steroid metabolites in the lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus): a non-invasive tool for assessing ovarian function. Primate Rep. 59, 27–42Google Scholar
Heistermann, M., Ziegler, T., Schaik, C. P., Launhardt, K., Winkler, P. & Hodges, J. K. (2001b). Loss of oestrus, concealed ovulation and paternity confusion in free-ranging Hanuman langurs. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 268, 2445-51CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jurke, M. H., Czekala, N. M. & Fitch-Snyder, H. (1997). Non-invasive detection and monitoring of estrus, pregnancy and the postpartum period in pygmy loris (Nicticebus pygmaeus) using fecal estrogen metabolites. Am. J. Primatol. 41, 103–1153.0.CO;2-0>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsumuro, M., Sankai, T., Cho, F., Yoshikawa, Y. & Yoshida, T. (1999). A two-step extraction method to measure fecal steroid hormones in female cynomolgous monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Am. J. Primatol. 48, 291–83.0.CO;2-6>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Möhle, U., Heistermann, M., Palme, R. & Hodges, J. K. (2002). Characterization of urinary and fecal metabolites of testosterone and their measurement for assessing gonadal endocrine function in male nonhuman primates. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 129, 135–45CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ostner, J. & Heistermann, M. (2003). Endocrine characterization of female reproductive status in wild red-fronted lemurs (Eulemur fulvus rufus). Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. in press
Perez, L. E., Czekala, N. M., Weisenseel, K. A. & Lasley, B. L. (1988). Excretion of radiolabelled estradiol metabolites in the slow loris (Nycticebus coucang). Am. J. Primatol. 16, 321–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pryce, C. R., Schwarzenberger, F. & Döbeli, M. (1994). Monitoring fecal samples for estrogen excretion across the ovarian cycle in Goeldi's monkey (Callimico goeldii). Zoo Biol. 13, 219–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robbins, M. M. & Czekala, N. M. (1997). A preliminary investigation of urinary testosterone and cortisol levels in wild male mountain gorillas. Am. J. Primatol. 43, 51–643.0.CO;2-X>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwarzenberger, F., Palme, R. Bamberg, , E. & Möstl, E. (1997). A review of faecal progesterone metabolite analysis for non-invasive monitoring of reproductive function in mammals. Z. Säugetierk. 62, Suppl. II, 214–21Google Scholar
Shideler, S. E., Ortuño, A. M., Moran, F. M., Moorman, E. A. & Lasley, B. L. (1993). Simple extraction and enzyme immunoassays for estrogen and progesterone metabolites in the feces of Macaca fascicularis during nonconceptive and conceptive ovarian cycles. Biol. Reprod. 48, 1290–8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shideler, S. E., Savage, A., Ortuño, A. M., Moorman, E. A. & Lasley, B. L. (1994). Monitoring female reproductive function by measurement of fecal estrogen and progesterone metabolites in the white-faced saki (Pithecia pithecia). Am. J. Primatol. 32, 95–105CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shideler, S. E., Munro, C. J., Johl, H. K., Taylor, H. W. & Lasley, B. L. (1995). Urine and fecal sample collection on filter paper for ovarian hormone evaluations. Am. J. Primatol. 37, 305–15CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sousa, M. B. & Ziegler, T. E. (1998). Diurnal variation in the excretion patterns of fecal steroids in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Am. J. Primatol. 46, 105–173.0.CO;2-#>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strier, K. B. & Ziegler, T. E. (1997). Behavioral and endocrine chracteristics of the ovarian cycle in wild muriqui monkeys, Brachyteles arachnoides. Am. J. Primatol. 32, 31–40CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strier, K. B., Ziegler, T. E. & Wittwer, D. J. (1999). Seasonal and social correlates of fecal testosterone and cortisol levels in wild male muriquis (Brachyteles arachnoides). Horm. Behav. 35, 125–34CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Engelhardt, N., Heistermann, M. & Kappeler, P. (2000). Androgen levels and female social dominance in Lemur catta. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 267, 1533–9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallner, B., Möstl, E., Dittami, J. & Prossinger, H. (1999). Fecal glucocorticoids document stress in female barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus). Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 113, 80–6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wasser, S. K., Monfort, S. L. & Wildt, D. E. (1991). Rapid extraction of faecal steroids for measuring reproductive cyclicity and early pregnancy in free-ranging yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus cynocephalus). J. Reprod. Fert. 92, 415–23CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitten, P. L. & Russell, E. (1996). Information content of sexual swellings and fecal steroids in sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus atys). Am. J. Primatol. 40, 67–823.0.CO;2-Z>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitten, P. L., Brockman, D. K. & Stavisky, R. C. (1998a). Recent advances in noninvasive techniques to monitor hormone-behavior interactions. Yrbk. Phys. Anthropol. 41, 1–233.0.CO;2-H>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitten, P. L., Stavisky, R. C., Aureli, F. & Russell, E. (1998b). Response of fecal cortisol to stress in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Am. J. Primatol. 44, 57–693.0.CO;2-W>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ziegler, T. E., Scheffler, G., Wittwer, D. J., Schultz-Darken, N. & Snowdon, C. T. (1996). Metabolism of reproductive steroids during the ovarian cycle in two species of callitrichids, Saguinus oedipus and Callithrix jacchus, and estimation of the ovulatory period from fecal steroids. Biol. Reprod. 54, 91–9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ziegler, T. E., Hodges, J. K., Winkler, P. & Heistermann, M. (2000). Hormonal correlates of reproductive seasonality in wild female Hanuman langurs (Presbytis entellus). Am. J. Primatol. 51, 119–343.0.CO;2-O>CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×