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2 - Poema del cante jondo and the Suites: The Riddles of the Sphin

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 March 2023

Federico Bonaddio
Affiliation:
King's College London
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Summary

el poeta erudito se ha hecho realmente hombre del pueblo, se ha desposeído de su personalidad y pensamiento proprio …

(Antonio Machado y Álvarez [‘Demófilo’], Poesía popular)

‘Ya vengan del corazón de la sierra, ya vengan del naranjal sevillano o de las armoniosas costas mediterráneas, las coplas,’ explained Lorca in his lecture ‘El cante jondo. Primitivo canto andaluz’ (OC, III, pp. 195–222), ‘tienen un fondo común: el Amor y la Muerte …, pero un amor y una muerte vistos a través de la Sibila, ese personaje tan oriental, verdadera esfinge de Andalucía’ (OC, III, p. 205). To his references to the Sibyl and the Sphinx he then added riddles:

En el fondo de todos los poemas late la pregunta, pero la terrible pregunta que no tiene contestación. Nuestro pueblo pone los brazos en cruz mirando a las estrellas y esperará inútilmente la señal salvadora. Es un gesto patético, pero verdadero. El poema o plantea un hondo problema emocional, sin realidad posible, o lo resuelve con la Muerte, que es la pregunta de las preguntas. (OC, III, pp. 205–6)

And he continued, eventually bringing into the equation the decipherer of riddles, Oedipus himself:

La mayor parte de los poemas de nuestra región (exceptuando muchos nacidos en Sevilla) tienen las características antes citadas. Somos un pueblo triste, un pueblo estático.

Como Iván Turgueneff vio a sus paisanos, sangre y médula rusas convertidos en esfinge, así veo yo a muchísimos poemas de nuestra lírica regional.

¡Oh esfinge de las Andalucías!

A mi puerta has de llamar,

no te he de salir a abrir

y me has de sentir llorar.

Se esconden los versos detrás del velo impenetrable y se duermen en espera del Edipo que vendrá a descifrarlos para despertar y volver al silencio. … (OC, III, p. 206)

The fact that Lorca in this lecture, which he delivered on 19 February 1922 to the Arts Club in Granada, should have conceived of cante jondo in terms of riddles has significance, as we shall see, beyond judgements about the true nature of Andalusian popular song: one that relates specifically to avantgarde influences on the development of his own poetry.

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Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2010

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