Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T06:05:42.907Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

2 - Global Trends

from Part I - Introduction and Global Trends

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2023

Jay S. Golden
Affiliation:
Syracuse University, New York
Get access

Summary

The world is undergoing unprecedented change as a result of global population increases, rapid urbanization, and the acceleration of affluence in developing countries, which leads to increased consumption of resources and impactful emissions.

Type
Chapter
Information
Dynamic Sustainability
Implications for Policy, Markets and National Security
, pp. 15 - 29
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ehrlich, P. R. and Holdren, J. P. (1971, March 26). Impact of Population Growth. Science, 171: 12121217. (See also the longer version by the same authors under the same title in Commission on Population Growth and the American Future [1972]. Research Reports, vol. 3: Population, Resources, and the Environment, Ronald G. Ridker (ed.). Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, pp. 365–377.)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Adams, D. (2021). How Far Will Global Population Rise? Researchers Can’t Agree. Nature, 597: 462465. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02522-6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2018). World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision. https://population.un.org/wup/DataQuery.Google Scholar
Yeung, Y.-M., Shen, J., and Kee, G. (2020). Megacities: International Encyclopedia of Human Geography (2nd ed.). New York: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Pesaresi, M., Melchiorri, M., Siragusa, A., and Kemper, T. (2016). Atlas of the Human Planet: Mapping Human Presence on Earth with the Global Human Settlement Layer. Luxembourg: European Commission. https://ourworldindata.org/how-urban-is-the-world.Google Scholar
Kharas, H. (2016). How a Growing Global Middle Class Could Save the World’s Economy. Pew Trust. www.pewtrusts.org/en/trend/archive/summer-2016/how-a-growing-global-middle-class-could-save-the-worlds-economy.Google Scholar
Suisse, Credit (2021). Global Wealth Report 2021. Zurich: Credit Suisse Research Institute.Google Scholar
Versace, C., Hawkings, L. E., and Abssy, M. (2021, July 9). World Reimagined: The Rise of the Global Middle Class. www.nasdaq.com/articles/world-reimagined%3A-the-rise-of-the-global-middle-class-2021-07-09.Google Scholar
World Bank Group (2022). Four Decades of Poverty Reduction in China: Drivers, Insights for the World and the Way Forward. https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/bdadc16a4f5c1c88a839c0f905cde802-0070012022/original/Poverty-Synthesis-Report-final.pdf.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Bank (2022). Final Consumption Expenditure (current US $). https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NE.CON.TOTL.CD?end=2020&start=2000&view=chart.Google Scholar
How Much (2022). Charting Over 20 Years of Retail Sales and E-commerce in the US Retail Industry (Update). https://howmuch.net/articles/timeline-retail-sales-growth-US.Google Scholar
Forbes, (2021). Global E-Commerce Sales to Hit $4.2 Trillion As Online Surge Continues. April 27. www.forbes.com/sites/joanverdon/2021/04/27/global-ecommerce-sales-to-hit-42-trillion-as-online-surge-continues-adobe-reports.Google Scholar
Dargay, J., Gately, D., and Sommer, M. (2007, October). Vehicle Ownership and Income Growth, Worldwide: 1960–2030. The Energy Journal.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedges and Company (2022). How Many Cars Are There in the World in 2022? https://hedgescompany.com/blog/2021/06/how-many-cars-are-there-in-the-world.Google Scholar
Carsguide (2018). How Many Cars Are There Around the World? September 20. www.carsguide.com.au/car-advice/how-many-cars-are-there-in-the-world-70629.Google Scholar
International Air Transport Association (2019). Annual Review 2019. 75th Annual General Meeting, Seoul. June.Google Scholar
Air (2022). Commercial Aviation: Growth and Forecast 2021–2039. www.grupooneair.com/analysis-global-growth-commercial-aviation.Google Scholar
International Civil Aviation Organization (2019). Annual Report 2019. The World Air Transport in 2019. www.icao.int/annual-report-2019/Pages/default.aspx.Google Scholar
OurWorldInData (2022). Meat and Dairy Production. https://ourworldindata.org/meat-production.Google Scholar
Thomas, N. (2018). How KFC Changed China and How China Changed KFC. MacroPolo. August 13. https://macropolo.org/analysis/how-kfc-changed-china-and-how-china-changed-kfc.Google Scholar
van Dijk, M., Morley, T., Rau, M. L. et al. (2021). A Meta-Analysis of Projected Global Food Demand and Population at Risk of Hunger for the Period 2010–2050. Nature Food, 2: 494–501. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00322-9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization (2009). How to Feed the World 2050. High-Level Expert Forum. www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/lon/HLEF2050_Global_Agriculture.pdf.Google Scholar
Silva, G. (2018). Feeding the World in 2050 and Beyond – Part 1: Productivity Challenges. Michigan State University. www.canr.msu.edu/news/feeding-the-world-in-2050-and-beyond-part-1.Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization and United Nations Environment Programme (2020). The State of the World’s Forests 2020: Forests, Biodiversity and People. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization.Google Scholar
Gao, J. and O’Neill, B. C. (2020). Mapping Global Urban Land for the 21st Century with Data-Driven Simulations and Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. Nature Communications, 11: 2302. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15788-7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Golden, J., Brazel, A., Salmond, J., and Laws, D. (2006). Energy and Water Sustainability: The Role of Urban Climate Change from Metropolitan Infrastructure. Engineering for Sustainable Development, 1(1):5570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golden, J. S., Guthrie, P., Kaloush, K., and Britter, R. (2005). The Summertime Urban Heat Island Hysteresis Lag Complexity: Applying Thermodynamics, Urban Engineering and Sustainability Research. Sustainable Engineering – A Journal of the Royal Institute of Civil Engineers, 158(ES4):197210.Google Scholar
International Resources Panel (2019). Global Resources Outlook 2019: Natural Resources for the Future We Want. www.resourcepanel.org/reports/global-resources-outlook.Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization (2016). AQUASTAT. www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/data/query/index.html?lang=en.Google Scholar
World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Education Fund (2017). Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene: 2017 Update and SDG Baselines. Geneva. https://washdata.org.Google Scholar
S. Kaza, , L. C. Yao, , P. Bhada-Tata, , and F. van Woerden, (2018). What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050. Urban Development. Washington, DC: World Bank. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Resources Panel (2018). The Weight of Cities: Resource Requirements of Future Urbanization. Nairobi: United Nations Environment Programme.Google Scholar
United Nations Environment Programme (2022). Think, Eat, Save. www.unep.org/thinkeatsave/get-informed/worldwide-food-waste.Google Scholar
World Bank (2022). What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050. https://datatopics.worldbank.org/what-a-waste/trends_in_solid_waste_management.html.Google Scholar
Center for Sustainable Systems (2021). The University of Michigan. Municipal Solid Waste. Factsheet. https://css.umich.edu/sites/default/files/Municipal%20Solid%20Waste_CSS04-15_e2021.pdf.Google Scholar
Visual Capitalist (2022). Visualizing the Global Landfill Crisis. March 2. www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-the-global-landfill-crisis.Google Scholar
World Bank (2018). What a Waste: An Updated Look into the Future of Solid Waste Management. www.worldbank.org/en/news/immersive-story/2018/09/20/what-a-waste-an-updated-look-into-the-future-of-solid-waste-management.Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization (2012). The State of the World Fisheries and Aquaculture. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization.Google Scholar
Dulvy, N. K., Sadovy, Y., and Reynolds, J. D. (2003). Extinction Vulnerability in Marine Populations. Fish and Fisheries, 4: 2564.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sumaila, U. R. and Tai, T. C. (2020). End Overfishing and Increase the Resilience of the Ocean to Climate Change. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7: 523. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2008256117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Issifu, I., Alava, J. J., Lam, V. W. Y., and Sumaila, U. R. (2022). Impact of Ocean Warming, Overfishing and Mercury on European Fisheries: A Risk Assessment and Policy Solution Framework. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8: 770805. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2021.770805.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Union for Conservation of Nature (2021). Marine Plastic Pollution. Technical Bulletin November 2021.Google Scholar
Lau, W. W. Y., Shiran, Y., Bailey, R. M. et al. (2020). Evaluating Scenarios toward Zero Plastic Pollution. Science, 369: 14551461.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
World Bank Group (2022). Four Decades of Poverty Reduction in China: Drivers, Insights for the World, and the Way Ahead. https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/bdadc16a4f5c1c88a839c0f905cde802-0070012022/original/Poverty-Synthesis-Report-final.pdf.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feng, J. (2021). When Will India Overtake China in Population? Newsweek. May 11. www.newsweek.com/when-will-india-overtake-china-population-1590451.Google Scholar
Lebel, L., Lorek, S., and Daniel, R. (2010). Sustainable Production Consumption Systems: Knowledge, Engagement and Practice. Dordrecht: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, D (1997). A History of Nature Conservation in Britain (2nd ed.). London: Routledge.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Global Trends
  • Jay S. Golden, Syracuse University, New York
  • Book: Dynamic Sustainability
  • Online publication: 07 December 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009298711.003
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Global Trends
  • Jay S. Golden, Syracuse University, New York
  • Book: Dynamic Sustainability
  • Online publication: 07 December 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009298711.003
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Global Trends
  • Jay S. Golden, Syracuse University, New York
  • Book: Dynamic Sustainability
  • Online publication: 07 December 2023
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009298711.003
Available formats
×