This uncompromising statement was made in 1832 by Daniel O'Connell, arguably one of the most important European politicians of the nineteenth century. Despite his relatively humble Irish origins and the disadvantages associated with being a Catholic, during his lifetime he acquired a legendary status and an international influence that few politicians enjoy. His reputation inspired his followers throughout the world, while it dismayed his adversaries. O'Connell's autocratic style of leadership proved to be both controversial and divisive. However, his life-long commitment to constitutional tactics inspired politicians who came after him – from William Gladstone to Mary Robinson – who believed his philosophy provided valuable lessons for later generations of Irish nationalists. Yet O'Connell's interests and his impact spread far beyond Ireland and the Irish community.

O'Connell's concern with humanitarian issues arose, in part, from his Enlightenment education and its ideals of liberty and progress. Throughout his long political career O'Connell was involved in many reform issues.