Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Contributors
- Part I Clinical Syndromes – General
- Part II Clinical Syndromes – Head and Neck
- Part III Clinical Syndromes – Eye
- Part IV Clinical Syndromes – Skin and Lymph Nodes
- Part V Clinical Syndromes – Respiratory Tract
- Part VI Clinical Syndromes – Heart and Blood Vessels
- Part VII Clinical Syndromes – Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical Syndromes – Genitourinary Tract
- Part IX Clinical Syndromes – Musculoskeletal System
- Part X Clinical Syndromes – Neurologic System
- Part XI The Susceptible Host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial Infection
- Part XIV Infections Related to Surgery and Trauma
- Part XV Prevention of Infection
- Part XVI Travel and Recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific Organisms – Bacteria
- Part XIX Specific Organisms – Spirochetes
- Part XX Specific Organisms – Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific Organisms – Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific Organisms – Fungi
- Part XXIII Specific Organisms – Viruses
- Part XXIV Specific Organisms – Parasites
- 193 Intestinal Roundworms
- 194 Tissue Nematodes
- 195 Schistosomes and Other Trematodes
- 196 Tapeworms (Cestodes)
- 197 Toxoplasma
- 198 Malaria: Treatment and Prophylaxis
- 199 Human Babesiosis
- 200 Trypanosomiases and Leishmaniases
- 201 Intestinal Protozoa
- 202 Extraintestinal Amebic Infection
- Part XXV Antimicrobial Therapy – General Considerations
- Index
194 - Tissue Nematodes
from Part XXIV - Specific Organisms – Parasites
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 March 2013
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Preface
- Contributors
- Part I Clinical Syndromes – General
- Part II Clinical Syndromes – Head and Neck
- Part III Clinical Syndromes – Eye
- Part IV Clinical Syndromes – Skin and Lymph Nodes
- Part V Clinical Syndromes – Respiratory Tract
- Part VI Clinical Syndromes – Heart and Blood Vessels
- Part VII Clinical Syndromes – Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Abdomen
- Part VIII Clinical Syndromes – Genitourinary Tract
- Part IX Clinical Syndromes – Musculoskeletal System
- Part X Clinical Syndromes – Neurologic System
- Part XI The Susceptible Host
- Part XII HIV
- Part XIII Nosocomial Infection
- Part XIV Infections Related to Surgery and Trauma
- Part XV Prevention of Infection
- Part XVI Travel and Recreation
- Part XVII Bioterrorism
- Part XVIII Specific Organisms – Bacteria
- Part XIX Specific Organisms – Spirochetes
- Part XX Specific Organisms – Mycoplasma and Chlamydia
- Part XXI Specific Organisms – Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, and Anaplasma
- Part XXII Specific Organisms – Fungi
- Part XXIII Specific Organisms – Viruses
- Part XXIV Specific Organisms – Parasites
- 193 Intestinal Roundworms
- 194 Tissue Nematodes
- 195 Schistosomes and Other Trematodes
- 196 Tapeworms (Cestodes)
- 197 Toxoplasma
- 198 Malaria: Treatment and Prophylaxis
- 199 Human Babesiosis
- 200 Trypanosomiases and Leishmaniases
- 201 Intestinal Protozoa
- 202 Extraintestinal Amebic Infection
- Part XXV Antimicrobial Therapy – General Considerations
- Index
Summary
Tissue-dwelling helminths include a large number of nematodes, cestodes, and trematodes that cause a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) elevations tend to accompany eosinophilia due to helminth infections, but a normal level does not eliminate parasitic disease. The diagnostic considerations can be narrowed through an understanding of the various parasites, specifically the geographic distribution, the likelihood of exposure in endemic areas, incubation period, and knowledge of the common manifestations of infection. Serologic tests are sometimes helpful, but panels of helminth serologic tests are most likely to be unrewarding if not confusing. Treatment strategies must be tailored to the individual parasitic disease.
TRICHINOSIS
Trichinosis develops when raw or inadequately cooked meat containing the encysted larvae of Trichinella species is eaten. The larvae are released from the cysts and attach to the mucosa of the small intestinal villi, where they develop into male and female adult worms. The infective newborn larvae invade striated muscle, where they encyst within individual muscle fibers.
Trichinosis has a worldwide distribution, occurring in temperate and tropical climates. In the United States, trichinosis has historically been associated with eating Trichinella-infected pork from domesticated sources. Improved observance of standards and regulations in the U.S. commercial pork industry has resulted in a steady reduction of Trichinella prevalence among swine. The number of reported cases related to eating nonpork products has remained constant, however, and now for the first time exceeds the number of reported cases related to eating pork.
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- Clinical Infectious Disease , pp. 1343 - 1352Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2008