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Chapter 2 - Primitivists and modernizers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2015

Pericles Lewis
Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
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Summary

In 1924, during the heyday of literary modernism, Virginia Woolf tried to account for what was new about “modern” fiction. She wrote that while all fiction tried to express human character, modern fiction had to describe character in a new way because “on or about December, 1910, human character changed.” Her main example of this change in human character was the “character of one's cook.” Whereas the “Victorian cook lived like a leviathan in the lower depths,” modern cooks were forever coming out of the kitchen to borrow the Daily Herald and ask “advice about a hat.” Woolf's choice of December 1910 as a watershed referred above all to the first post-impressionist exhibition, organized by her friend Roger Fry in collaboration with her brother-in-law Clive Bell. The exhibition ran from November 8, 1910, to January 15, 1911, and introduced the English public to developments in the visual arts that had already been taking place in France for a generation. More broadly, however, Woolf was alluding to social and political changes that overtook England soon after the death of Edward VII in May 1910, symbolized by the changing patterns of deference and class and gender relations implicit in the transformation of the Victorian cook. Henry James considered that the death of Edward's mother Victoria meant the end of one age; Edward's reign was short (1901–10), but to those who lived through it, it seemed to stand on the border between the old world and the new.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

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  • Primitivists and modernizers
  • Pericles Lewis, Yale University, Connecticut
  • Book: The Cambridge Introduction to Modernism
  • Online publication: 05 February 2015
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511803055.004
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  • Primitivists and modernizers
  • Pericles Lewis, Yale University, Connecticut
  • Book: The Cambridge Introduction to Modernism
  • Online publication: 05 February 2015
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511803055.004
Available formats
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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Primitivists and modernizers
  • Pericles Lewis, Yale University, Connecticut
  • Book: The Cambridge Introduction to Modernism
  • Online publication: 05 February 2015
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511803055.004
Available formats
×