Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T01:52:03.321Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

P

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Ian A. McFarland ,
David A. S. Fergusson ,
Karen Kilby  and
Iain R. Torrance
Edited by
Ian A. McFarland ,
David A. S. Fergusson ,
Karen Kilby  and
Iain R. Torrance
Ian A. McFarland
Affiliation:
Emory University's Candler School of Theology
David A. S. Fergusson
Affiliation:
University of Edinburgh
Karen Kilby
Affiliation:
University of Nottingham
Iain R. Torrance
Affiliation:
University of Aberdeen
Ian A. McFarland
Affiliation:
Emory University, Atlanta
David A. S. Fergusson
Affiliation:
University of Edinburgh
Karen Kilby
Affiliation:
University of Nottingham
Iain R. Torrance
Affiliation:
Princeton Theological Seminary
Get access

Summary

Painting, Theology and The juxtaposition of theology (literally, talk about God) and painting can be seen as a kind of mistake, since painting, by its very mode of expression, was rarely if ever intended to carry a specifically theological (i.e., propositional) message. Depiction of various kinds has roots in the prehistoric era and may be evidence of humankind's yearning for expression, creativity, and appreciation of beauty. Depiction is found in the catacombs at the beginning of Christianity, and it may be accepted that from the beginning Christians valued the concretization and illustration that forms of depiction offered.

Christianity is a faith which pays close attention to words and acknowledges Jesus Christ as the Word of God incarnate. Although this is to confess word become person (and, more specifically, a person in whom was revealed grace and truth), elements of Christianity have always struggled with an acknowledgement that human language cannot encompass God, and, correspondingly, with the question of how mystery, which makes space for the ineffable, may be preserved in human forms of expression. The apostle Paul regularly made use of paradox as a mode of indicating the utterly unanticipated path of God's salvation. How may paradox and ambiguity, over the centuries, when expressed verbally, not suffer a flattening? Or, given that Christianity is both didactic and prophetic of its nature, how may that didactic note avoid forms of closure which tend in a literalist direction?

Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Dictionary of Christian Theology , pp. 364 - 421
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

MacGregor, N., Seeing Salvation (Yale University Press, 2000).Google Scholar
Bourdua, L., The Franciscans and Art Patronage in Late Medieval Italy (Cambridge University Press, 2004)Google Scholar
Meyendorff, J., A Study of St Gregory Palamas, 2nd edn (St Vladimir's Seminary Press, 1998 [1974]).Google Scholar
Sinkewicz, R. E., ‘Gregory Palamas’ in La Théologie byzantine et sa tradition, vol. II (Brepols, 2002), 131–88.Google Scholar
Clayton, P., Adventures in the Spirit: God, World, Divine Action (Fortress Press, 2008).Google Scholar
Cooper, J., Panentheism – The Other God of the Philosophers: From Plato to the Present (Baker Academic, 2006).Google Scholar
Hartshorne, C. and Reese, W., eds., Philosophers Speak of God (Humanity Books, 2000 [1953]).Google Scholar
Peacocke, A. and Clayton, P., eds., In Whom We Live and Move and Have Our Being: Panentheistic Reflections on God's Presence in a Scientific World (Eerdmans, 2004).Google Scholar
Berman, D., A History of Atheism in Britain: From Hobbes to Russell (Croom Helm, 1988).Google Scholar
Mason, R., The God of Spinoza: A Philosophical Study (Cambridge University Press, 1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Granfield, P., The Limits of the Papacy: Authority and Autonomy in the Church (Crossroad, 1987).Google Scholar
O'Malley, J. W., What Happened at Vatican II (Harvard University Press, 2008).Google Scholar
Schatz, K., Papal Primacy: From Its Origins to the Present (Liturgical Press, 1996).Google Scholar
Sullivan, F. A., Magisterium: Teaching Authority in the Church (Paulist Press, 1983).Google Scholar
Tillard, J. M. R., The Bishop of Rome (SPCK, 1983).Google Scholar
Hammond, N., ed., The Cambridge Companion to Pascal (Cambridge University Press, 2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wetsel, D., Pascal and Disbelief: Conversion and Catechesis in the “Pensées” of Pascal (Catholic University of America Press, 1995).Google Scholar
Fabella, V. and Sugirtharajah, R. S., eds., Dictionary of Third World Theologies (Orbis, 2000).Google Scholar
Lartey, E. Y., Pastoral Theology in an Intercultural World (Pilgrim, 2006).Google Scholar
Osmer, R., Practical Theology: An Introduction (Eerdmans, 2008).Google Scholar
Ramsay, N. J., ed., Pastoral Care and Counseling: Redefining the Paradigms (Abingdon Press, 2004).Google Scholar
Willows, D. and Swinton, J., eds., Spiritual Dimensions of Pastoral Care: Practical Theology in a Multidisciplinary Context (Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2000).Google Scholar
Fitzgerald, T., The Ecumenical Patriarchate and Christian Unity (Holy Cross Orthodox Press, 1997).Google Scholar
Laurent, V., ‘Le titre de patriarche œcuménique et la signature patriarcale’, Revue des études byzantines 6 (1948), 5–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maximos, , Metropolitan of Sardes, The Oecumenical Patriarchate in the Orthodox Church: A Study in the History and Canons of the Church (Patriarchal Institute for Patristic Studies, 1976).Google Scholar
Patsavos, L., Primacy and Conciliarity: Studies in the Primacy of the See of Constantinople and the Synodal Structure of the Orthodox Church (Holy Cross Orthodox Press, 1995).Google Scholar
Bauckham, R. J., God Crucified: Monotheism and Christology in the New Testament (Paternoster Press, 1998).Google Scholar
Gathercole, S. J., Where Is Boasting? Early Jewish Soteriology and Paul's Response in Romans1–5 (Eerdmans, 2002).Google Scholar
Martyn, J. L., Theological Issues in the Letters of Paul (T&T Clark, 1997).Google Scholar
Parker, T. H. L., Commentaries on the Epistle to the Romans1532–1542 (T&T Clark, 1986).Google Scholar
Souter, A., Earliest Latin Commentaries on the Epistles of Paul (Oxford University Press, 1927).Google Scholar
Bruyn, T., Pelagius's Commentary on St Paul's Epistle to the Romans (Oxford University Press, 1993).Google Scholar
Rees, B. R., Pelagius: A Reluctant Heretic (Boydell, 1988).Google Scholar
Wermelinger, O., Rom und Pelagius (A. Hiersemann, 1975).Google Scholar
Boda, M. J. and Smith, G. T., eds., Repentance in Christian Theology (Liturgical Press, 2006).Google Scholar
Coffey, D. M., The Sacrament of Reconciliation (Liturgical Press, 2001).Google Scholar
Hebblethwaite, M. and Donovan, K., , S. J., The Theology of Penance (Clergy Book Service, 1979).Google Scholar
Paul, Pope John II, On Reconciliation and Penance in the Mission of the Church Today (St Paul, 1984).Google Scholar
Dunn, J. D. G., Baptism in the Holy Spirit (SCM, 1970).Google Scholar
Jesus and the Spirit (SCM, 1975).
Menzies, R. P., Empowered for Witness: The Spirit in Luke–Acts (Sheffield Academic Press, 1994).Google Scholar
Turner, M., Power from on High: The Spirit in Israel's Restoration and Witness in Luke–Acts (Sheffield Academic Press, 1996).Google Scholar
Turner, M., The Holy Spirit and Spiritual Gifts (Paternoster Press, 1999).Google Scholar
Anderson, A., Introduction to Pentecostalism: Global Charismatic Christianity (Cambridge University Press, 2004).Google Scholar
Cartledge, M., Encountering the Spirit: The Charismatic Tradition (Darton, Longman and Todd, 2006).Google Scholar
Faupel, D. W., The Everlasting Gospel: The Significance of Eschatology in the Development of Pentecostal Thought (Sheffield Academic Press, 1996).Google Scholar
Hollenweger, W. J., Pentecostalism: Origins and Developments Worldwide (Hendrickson Publishers, 1997).Google Scholar
Lederle, H. I., Treasures Old and New: Interpretations of ‘Spirit-Baptism’ in the Charismatic Renewal Movement (Hendrickson Publishers, 1988).Google Scholar
Macchia, F., Baptized in the Spirit: A Global Pentecostal Theology (Zondervan, 2005).Google Scholar
Burgess, S. M., Reaching Beyond: Chapters in the History of Perfectionism (Hendrickson Publishers, 1986).Google Scholar
LaRondelle, H. K., Perfection and Perfectionism (Andrews University Press, 1971).Google Scholar
Prestige, G. L., God in Patristic Thought (SPCK, 1959).Google Scholar
Bowne, B. P., Personalism (Houghton Mifflin, 1908).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mounier, E., Personalism (Routledge, 1952).Google Scholar
Husserl, E., The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology (Northwestern University Press, 1970 [1954]).Google Scholar
The Essential Husserl: Basic Writings in Transcendental Phenomenology, ed. Welton, D. (Indiana University Press, 1999).Google Scholar
Moran, D., Introduction to Phenomenology (Routledge, 2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sokolowski, R., Introduction to Phenomenology (Cambridge University Press, 2000).Google Scholar
Spiegelberg, H., The Phenomenological Movement: A Historical Introduction (M. Nijhoff, 1960).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, D., Continental Philosophy and Modern Theology (Blackwell, 1987).Google Scholar
Harris, H. A. and Insole, C. J., eds., Faith and Philosophical Analysis (Ashgate, 2005).Google Scholar
Hebblethwaite, B., Philosophical Theology and Christian Doctrine (Blackwell, 2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, T. V., ed., The Concept of God (Oxford University Press, 1987).Google Scholar
Swinburne, R., The Coherence of Theism, revised edn (Oxford University Press, 1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brink, G. and Sarot, M., eds., Understanding the Attributes of God (Peter Lang, 1999).Google Scholar
Brecht, M.et al., Geschichte des Pietismus, 4 vols. (Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1993–2004).Google Scholar
Schneider, H., German Radical Pietism (Scarecrow Press, 2007).Google Scholar
Stoeffler, F. E., The Rise of Evangelical Pietism (Brill, 1965).Google Scholar
Stoeffler, F. E., German Pietism during the Eighteenth Century (Brill, 1973).Google Scholar
Bartholomew, C. and Hughes, F., eds., Explorations in a Christian Theology of Pilgrimage (Ashgate, 2004).Google Scholar
Bradley, I., Pilgrimage – A Cultural and Spiritual Journey (Lion Hudson, 2009).Google Scholar
Gersh, S., From Iamblichus to Eriugena: An Investigation of the Prehistory and Evolution of the Pseudo-Dionysian Tradition (Brill, 1978).Google Scholar
Gracia, J. J. E. and Noone, T. B., eds., Companion to Philosophy in the Middle Ages (Blackwell, 2005).Google Scholar
Inge, W. R., The Platonic Tradition in English Religious Thought (Longmans, Green and Co., 1926).Google Scholar
Ivanka, E., Plato Christianus: Ubernahme und Umgestaltung des Platonismus durch die Väter, 2nd edn (Johannes Verlag, 1990).Google Scholar
Pickstock, C., After Writing: On the Liturgical Consummation of Philosophy (Blackwell, 1998).Google Scholar
D'Costa, G., The Meeting of Religions and the Trinity (T&T Clark, 2000).Google Scholar
DiNoia, J. A., The Diversity of Religions. A Christian Perspective (Catholic University of America Press, 1992).Google Scholar
Dupuis, J., Towards a Christian Theology of Religious Pluralism (Orbis, 1997).Google Scholar
Hick, J., An Interpretation of Religion (Macmillan, 1988).Google Scholar
Strange, D., The Possibility of Salvation among the Unevangelised: An Analysis of Inclusivism in Recent Evangelical Theology (Paternoster Press, 2002).Google Scholar
Sullivan, F., Salvation Outside the Church? Tracing the History of the Catholic Response (Paulist Press, 1992).Google Scholar
Vries, H. and Sullivan, L., eds., Political Theologies: Public Religions in a Post-Secular World (Fordham, 2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forrester, D. B., Theology and Politics (Blackwell, 1988).Google Scholar
Kee, A., ed., Reader in Political Theology (Westminster Press, 1974).Google Scholar
Scott, P. and Cavanaugh, W., eds., The Blackwell Companion to Political Theology (Blackwell, 2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Long, E. L., Patterns of Polity: Varieties of Church Governance (Pilgrim, 2001).Google Scholar
Altizer, T. J. J. and Hamilton, W., Radical Theology and the Death of God (Bobbs-Merrill, 1966).Google Scholar
Vattimo, G., After Christianity (Columbia University Press, 2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeHart, P., The Trial of the Witnesses: The Rise and Decline of Postliberal Theology (Blackwell, 2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamitsuka, D., Theology and Contemporary Culture: Liberation, Postliberal and Revisionary Perspectives (Cambridge University Press, 1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodge, C., Systematic Theology (Scribner, 1871–3), IV.iii, §§4–5.Google Scholar
Warfield, B. B., ‘The Millennium and the Apocalypse’ in Biblical Doctrines (Oxford University Press, 1929), 643–64.Google Scholar
Smith, J. K. A., Who's Afraid of Postmodernism? (Baker Academic, 2006).Google Scholar
Vanhoozer, K., ed., The Cambridge Companion to Postmodern Theology (Cambridge University Press, 2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
González, J. L., Faith and Wealth: A History of Early Christian Ideas on the Origin, Significance, and Use of Money (Harper & Row, 1990).Google Scholar
Gutiérrez, G., A Theology of Liberation (Orbis, 1973 [1971]).Google Scholar
Lindberg, C., Beyond Charity: Reformation Initiatives for the Poor (Fortress Press, 1993).Google Scholar
Browning, D., A Fundamental Practical Theology: Descriptive and Strategic Proposals (Fortress Press, 1991).Google Scholar
Graham, E., Transforming Practice: Pastoral Theology in an Age of Uncertainty, 2nd edn (Wipf and Stock, 2002).Google Scholar
Graham, E., Walton, H., and Ward, F., Theological Reflection: Methods (SCM, 2005).Google Scholar
Pattison, S., The Challenge of Practical Theology: Selected Essays (Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2007).Google Scholar
Swinton, J. and Mowat, H., Practical Theology and Qualitative Research (SCM, 2006).Google Scholar
Veling, T., Practical Theology: ‘On Earth as It Is in Heaven’ (Orbis, 2005).Google Scholar
Jeremias, J., The Prayers of Jesus (Fortress Press, 1978).Google Scholar
Ramshaw, G., God beyond Gender: Feminist–Christian God Language (Fortress Press, 1995).Google Scholar
Robinson, J. M., ‘The Historicality of Biblical Language’ in The Old Testament and Christian Faith, ed. Anderson, B. W. (Harper, 1963), 124–58.Google Scholar
Saliers, D., The Soul in Paraphrase: Prayer and the Religious Affections (Seabury Press, 1980).Google Scholar
Stevenson, K., The Lord's Prayer: A Text in Tradition (Fortress Press, 2004).Google Scholar
Augustine, , On the Predestination of the Saints in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, vol. V: Saint Augustine: Anti-Pelagian Writings 1st series (Eerdmans, 1887 [428]).Google Scholar
Calvin, J., Concerning the Eternal Predestination of God (James Clarke, 1961 [1552]).Google Scholar
Baum, G., ‘Sociology and Salvation: Do We Need a Catholic Sociology?’Theological Studies 50 (1989), 718–743.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gutiérrez, G., ‘Option for the Poor’, in Systematic Theology: Perspectives from Liberation Theology (Orbis, 1996), 22–37.Google Scholar
Baumgartner, F. J., Longing for the End: A History of Millennialism in Western Civilization (St Martin's Press, 1999).Google Scholar
Hunt, S., ed., Christian Millennialism: From the Early Church to Waco (Indiana University Press, 2001).Google Scholar
Weber, E., Apocalypses: Prophecies, Cults, and Millennial Beliefs through the Ages (Harvard University Press, 1999).Google Scholar
Weber, T. P., On the Road to Armageddon: How Evangelicals Became Israel's Best Friend (Baker Academic, 2004).Google Scholar
Wengert, T. J., Priesthood, Pastors, Bishops: Public Ministry for the Reformation and Today (Fortress Press, 2008).Google Scholar
Hoffecker, W. A., Piety and the Princeton Theologians (Baker Books, 1981).Google Scholar
Noll, M. A., The Princeton Theology 1812–1921 (Baker Books, 1983).Google Scholar
Stelt, J. C. Vander, Philosophy and Scripture: A Study in Old Princeton and Westminster Theology (Mack Publishing Company, 1978).Google Scholar
Cobb, J. B., Jr, A Christian Natural Theology, 2nd edn (John Knox Press, 2007).Google Scholar
Griffin, D., God, Power, and Evil: A Process Theodicy (Westminster Press, 1976).Google Scholar
Hartshorne, C., The Divine Relativity: A Social Conception of God (Yale University Press, 1974).Google Scholar
McDaniel, J. and Bowman, D., eds., Handbook of Process Theology (Chalice Press, 2006).Google Scholar
Suchocki, M., God Christ Church: A Practical Guide to Process Theology (Crossroad, 1982).Google Scholar
Brown, P., The Body and Society: Men, Women and Sexual Renunciation in Early Christianity (Faber and Faber, 1989).Google Scholar
Waters, B., Reproductive Technology: Towards a Theology of Procreative Stewardship (Darton, Longman and Todd, 2001).Google Scholar
Huffmon, H. B., ‘Prophecy’ in Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. Freedman, D. N. vol. V (Doubleday, 1992), 477–502.Google Scholar
Moberly, R. W. L., Prophecy and Discernment (Cambridge University Press, 2006).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rad, G., The Message of the Prophets (SCM, 1968).Google Scholar
Brauer, J. C., Protestantism in America: A Narrative History (Westminster Press, 1965).Google Scholar
Harrison, P., The Bible, Protestantism, and the Rise of Natural Science (Cambridge University Press, 1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marty, M. E., Protestantism (Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1972).Google Scholar
McGrath, A. E., Christianity's Dangerous Idea: The Protestant Revolution (HarperOne, 2007).Google Scholar
Miller, D. E., Reinventing American Protestantism: Christianity in the New Millennium (University of California Press, 1997).Google Scholar
Barth, K., Church Dogmatics (T&T Clark, 1961), III/3.Google Scholar
Berkouwer, C. G., The Providence of God (Eerdmans, 1952).Google Scholar
Helm, P., The Providence of God (InterVarsity Press, 1993).Google Scholar
Polkinghorne, J., Science and Providence (SPCK, 1989).Google Scholar
Sanders, J., The God Who Risks: A Theology of Divine Providence, 2nd ed (InterVarsity Press, 2007).Google Scholar
Wood, C. M., The Question of Providence (John Knox Press, 2008).Google Scholar
Thiemann, R. F., Constructing a Public Theology: The Church in a Pluralistic Culture (John Knox Press, 1991).Google Scholar
Valentin, B., Mapping Public Theology: Beyond Culture, Identity, and Difference (Trinity Press, 2002).Google Scholar
Bernstein, A. E., ‘Esoteric Theology: William of Auvergne on the Fires of Hell and Purgatory’, Speculum 57:3 (July 1982), 509–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hutson, L., ‘From Penitent to Suspect: Law, Purgatory, and Renaissance Drama’, The Huntington Library Quarterly 65:3/4 (2002), 295–319.Google Scholar
Goff, J., The Birth of Purgatory (University of Chicago Press, 1984).Google Scholar
Collinson, P., The Elizabethan Puritan Movement (Oxford University Press, 1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lake, P., Moderate Puritans and the Elizabethan Church (Cambridge University Press, 2004).Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×