The sparse material remains of Jews from the Sasanian Empire include around twenty personal seals, which were used to validate legal, business, and personal documents.1 These objects typically bore the owner’s name and an accompanying image. The identity of the owner is ascertainable from both the names and type of script; Jewish owners likely used square or Hebrew script, Christians used Syriac, and Middle Persian was used by all groups, including Jews and Christians.2 The images on Jewish and Christian seals are often easily recognizable communal symbols. For example, some Jewish seals depict ritual objects, such as the shofar, palm fronds, and citron (Figure 5).3 These were common features of Jewish visual culture, present on coins minted by the Judean rebel Bar Kokhba in the first half of Figure 6. the second century and in late antique synagogue mosaics.4 Not surprisingly, many Christian seals feature crosses.