It is a well-established principle under the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 (Geneva Conventions) that a State is required to prosecute individuals for grave breaches of the conventions. The Geneva Conventions oblige State parties to enact criminal legislation to prosecute individuals that order or commit grave violations. Likewise, there is an obligation to domesticate the Geneva Conventions and duly share their contents with civilians as well as militants. The non-domestication of the Geneva Conventions in Nepal has led to a plethora of complexities in the current context, where the State is striving to establish transitional justice by prosecuting crimes of the past and provide justice to victims.