Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- List of Contributors
- Glossary
- 1 INTRODUCTION: The State and Shari'a in the Perspective of Indonesian Legal Politics
- 2 LAW AND POLITICS IN POST-INDEPENDENCE INDONESIA:A Case Study of Religious and Adat Courts
- 3 THE STATE AND SHARI'A IN INDONESIA
- 4 THE STATE'S LEGAL POLICY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC LAW IN INDONESIA'S NEW ORDER
- 5 THE INDONESIAN MARRIAGE LAW OF 1974: An Institutionalization of the Shari'a for Social Changes
- 6 INDONESIA'S 1989 RELIGIOUS JUDICATURE ACT: Islamization of Indonesia or Indonesianization of Islam?
- 7 THE POLITICAL BACKDROP OF THE ENACTMENT OF THE COMPILATION OF ISLAMIC LAWS IN INDONESIA
- 8 ISLAMIZING CAPITALISM: On the Founding of Indonesia's First Islamic Bank
- 9 FATWA AND POLITICS IN INDONESIA
- 10 ZAKAT ADMINISTRATION IN POLITICS OF INDONESIAN NEW ORDER
- 11 ISLAMIC VALUES, LAW AND EXPECTATIONS IN CONTEMPORARY INDONESIA
- 12 EPILOGUE: Shari'a in Indonesia's Current Transition: An Update
- APPENDICES
- Bibliography
- Index
10 - ZAKAT ADMINISTRATION IN POLITICS OF INDONESIAN NEW ORDER
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 October 2015
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- List of Contributors
- Glossary
- 1 INTRODUCTION: The State and Shari'a in the Perspective of Indonesian Legal Politics
- 2 LAW AND POLITICS IN POST-INDEPENDENCE INDONESIA:A Case Study of Religious and Adat Courts
- 3 THE STATE AND SHARI'A IN INDONESIA
- 4 THE STATE'S LEGAL POLICY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC LAW IN INDONESIA'S NEW ORDER
- 5 THE INDONESIAN MARRIAGE LAW OF 1974: An Institutionalization of the Shari'a for Social Changes
- 6 INDONESIA'S 1989 RELIGIOUS JUDICATURE ACT: Islamization of Indonesia or Indonesianization of Islam?
- 7 THE POLITICAL BACKDROP OF THE ENACTMENT OF THE COMPILATION OF ISLAMIC LAWS IN INDONESIA
- 8 ISLAMIZING CAPITALISM: On the Founding of Indonesia's First Islamic Bank
- 9 FATWA AND POLITICS IN INDONESIA
- 10 ZAKAT ADMINISTRATION IN POLITICS OF INDONESIAN NEW ORDER
- 11 ISLAMIC VALUES, LAW AND EXPECTATIONS IN CONTEMPORARY INDONESIA
- 12 EPILOGUE: Shari'a in Indonesia's Current Transition: An Update
- APPENDICES
- Bibliography
- Index
Summary
Introduction
It has been argued in the literature on Islam and politics in Indonesian New Order that the early phase of the regime was marked by antagonism towards Islam, while the last phase was characterized by a more accommodative approach. Abdul Aziz Thaba has further subdivided the New Order regime into three phases. He refers to the first phase (1967–82) as the antagonistic period. During this time, the regime systematically frustrated Muslim aspirations to power. The second phase (1982–85) is described as having been marked by reciprocal criticism. During this time, the regime imposed Pancasila as the sole basis for the Muslim political party (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan, or PPP) and almost all Muslim organizations, a move that was initially met with some resistance. The third phase (1985–94) on the other hand was a period of active accommodation. Realizing that political Islam was no longer a threat, the state began to build a Muslim base of support through a number of policies thought to agree with Islamic socio-cultural and political interests, for example, the passing of the Religious Judicature Law (1989), the founding of Ikatan Cendekiawan Muslim Indonesia (ICMI, or Indonesian Muslim Intellectuals Association) (1990), the compilation of Islamic law (1991), the issuance of the Joint Ministerial Decree on guiding zakat administration or BAZIS (1991), the holding of an Islamic cultural festival (1991), the establishment of the Islamic Bank (1992), and the annulment of the national lottery (1993).
It must be remembered, however, that these divisions are simply heuristic devices that should not be interpreted literally. During the antagonistic period, for example, there was a policy on zakat that accommodated Muslim religious concerns. When President Soeharto delivered his official speech on the occasion of the Isra' Mi'raj celebration on 26 October 1968, he declared that he, as “a private citizen”, was willing to take charge of the massive national effort of zakat collection and to submit annual reports on its collection and distribution. Following that declaration, he then officially instructed three high-ranking military officers, one of them being General Alamsyah, who was a Minister of the State Secretariat at that time, to make all necessary preparations for a nation-wide zakat collection drive.
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- Shari'a and Politics in Modern Indonesia , pp. 181 - 192Publisher: ISEAS–Yusof Ishak InstitutePrint publication year: 2003