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1 - “We Are All Germans; Why Then Ask for Religion?”: Cultural Identity, Language, and Weimar Pluralism, 1928–1932

Thomas Pegelow Kaplan
Affiliation:
Davidson College, North Carolina
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Summary

When Germany's newspapers reached newsstands on April 1, 1928, the country's political parties were intensifying their campaigns for the approaching Reichstag election of May 20. By that time, the German people under the Weimar Republic had experienced more than four years of relative political and socioeconomic stability, based in part on the receipt of short-term American loans. But there had been limits to that stability. In mid-February, the twelve-month-old center-right coalition under Chancellor Wilhelm Marx of the Catholic Center Party, the Republic's fifteenth cabinet since 1919, collapsed. The final straw was the disagreement over the role of the Christian churches in public education. But the main coalition partners, especially the right-liberal German People's Party (Deutsche Volkspartei, DVP) under long-serving Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann, had been seeking political realignments to implement their competing policies for months. The inclusion of the German National People's Party (Deutschnationale Volkspartei, DNVP) in the Marx cabinet reflected the ongoing shift of the Republic's political culture and language to the right. As the strongest right-wing force in the country, the DNVP had only moderated its antirepublican stance in 1925, and much of the membership's rhetoric still remained rooted in völkisch thought.

The opposition parties were also jockeying for power. The Social Democrats were eager to return to the government. They had been the strongest force in the Weimar coalition of 1919, which laid the foundations for Germany's first democracy, and they continued to be the largest parliamentary party in the Reichstag.

Type
Chapter
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The Language of Nazi Genocide
Linguistic Violence and the Struggle of Germans of Jewish Ancestry
, pp. 15 - 57
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

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