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51 - Tumor lysis syndrome
from Section 8 - Hematology–oncology emergencies
- By Casey Grover
Edited by Kaushal Shah, Jarone Lee, Kamal Medlej, American University of Beirut, Scott D. Weingart
Book:

Practical Emergency Resuscitation and Critical Care

Published online:

05 November 2013

Print publication:

24 October 2013, pp 343-347
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Summary

This chapter discusses the diagnosis, evaluation and management of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). The classic triad of ruptured AAA is hypotension, pain, and pulsatile abdominal mass. This occurs in only half of the patients. Typical pain is usually described as abdominal or lower back. Any patient with these symptoms and a known AAA is at risk for imminent rupture, if rupture has not already occurred. Vital sign stability should not be reassuring as these patients can deteriorate rapidly. Hypotension is the least consistent part of the triad, occurring in as few as one third of patients. Inflammatory aneurysms may present with fever or weight loss. Patients may complain of pain in the chest, thigh, inguinal area, or scrotum. Initial blood loss may be minor and the patient may present with normal vital signs. Vital sign stability should not necessarily be reassuring as these patients can deteriorate rapidly.