The economic torts were developed to regulate excessive competitive practice. They had the limited function of stretching existing civil liability where a defendant deliberately inflicted economic harm on a claimant, through the use of an intermediary. However, claimants seek to expand the function of the unlawful means and conspiracy torts so that they can fill “gaps” in existing tort liability, to regulate commercial misbehaviour more generally. In light of this phenomenon, the aim of this article is to analyse the modern approach to these torts in the English, Canadian, Australian, and New Zealand courts.
