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1 results

  • A jade parrot from the tomb of Fu Hao at Yinxu and Liao sacrifices of the Shang Dynasty

  • Rong Wang, Chang-sui Wang, Ji-gen Tang
  • Journal:
    Antiquity / Volume 92 / Issue 362 / April 2018
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    24 April 2018, pp. 368-382
    Print publication:
    April 2018

  • The importance of jade in the burnt offerings of the Shang Dynasty known as ‘Liao sacrifice’ has long been known from documentary evidence, but has yet to be scientifically verified. We present the results of non-destructive analyses of a jade parrot excavated from the tomb of imperial consort Fu Han at Yinxu in Henan Province. Analyses revealed the presence of diopside, an outcome of phase transition from tremolite resulting from heating in antiquity. This provides the first scientific evidence that the Shang Dynasty used jade in Liao sacrifice, and confirms oracle bone inscriptions and later records concerning the ritual.