Bipolar disorders (BD) are recurrent conditions and many clinical and social impairments persist even with optimal pharmacotherapy. This chapter explores the development of psychological treatments, from initial uncertainties about offering therapies for BD, and then following the tentative steps to offer support to individuals with BD and to their families. Much of the focus is on the rationale, evolution and testing of specific psychological treatments. As well as examining any added value attained from providing psychological treatments alongside medications, we also consider how therapies might be further developed in the future. For example, we discuss how network meta-analysis might shed light on active ingredients that are common to all successful therapies and consider if these components might herald the introduction of multi-modal interventions. The chapter ends by noting the progress being made regarding the mediators and moderators of therapeutic effects and highlighting the importance of continuing to undertake efficacy trials but also comparative effectiveness trials that will enable researchers, clinicians and patients to determine how best to deploy psychological treatments in the real world.