Taking an empirical approach, this chapter demonstrates how terribly complex it is to conceive of a ‘successful’ investment migration programme. I walk the reader through the menu of investment migration programme design options, exposing the difficulties related to pretty much all of the available choices to help us grasp the sheer complexity of the issue.

In order to benefit as much as possible from feedback, students must be involved in important decisions. To achieve a useful level of involvement, students should participate in classroom discources as much as possible. Furthermore, teachers should apply the strategy “No hand up, except for asking a question” and recur to cold calling so that every student has to think about the tasks and activities. The main areas for learner involment are suggestions for learning objectives, fixing success criteria, and using rubrics. Advanced learners can also try to redesign a lesson.

Teacher quality – what teachers do, how they teach and the way they present information – impacts on student learning (Hattie, 2003; 2009). Effective teaching and learning are multifaceted. There is no one recipe for teaching that will suit every student on all occasions. In your journey as a pre-service teacher, your goal should be to learn as much as you can from your university coursework, your professional experiences, lecturers and tutors, and the school teachers that supervise you, as well as drawing on your background knowledge and experience, so you are prepared with a suite of ideas, strategies, frameworks and theories that will support you to implement effective teaching and learning.