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Response inhibition refers to an organism’s ability to suppress unwanted impulses, or actions and responses that are no longer required or have become inappropriate.In the stop-signal task, participants perform a response time task (go task), and occasionally, the go stimulus is followed by a stop signal after a variable delay, indicating subjects to withhold their response (stop task). The main interest of modeling is in estimating the unobservable latency of the stopping process as a characterization of the response inhibition mechanism. Here we analyze and compare the underlying assumptions of different models, including parametric and non-parametric versions of the race model. New model classes based on the concept of copulas are introduced and a number of unsolved problems facing all existing models are pointed out.
The effect of methylphenidate (MPH) on inhibitory control as assessed by the stop task in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) could be influenced by task difficulty and may be mediated by attention.
Subjects and methods
Fifteen children with ADHD performed the stop and the change task after placebo, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg MPH in a within-subject design.
Results
Linear-trend analysis showed a similar effect of MPH in both tasks and a stronger effect for inhibitory control than for attention. Furthermore, a correlation was found between blood serum metabolites of norepinephrine and dopamine for attentional measures and inhibitory control measures, respectively.
Discussion and conclusion
In children with ADHD MPH could act primarily on inhibitory control, and is not influenced by task difficulty. Also, attention and inhibitory control could have differential pharmacological profiles.
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