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3 results

  • Chapter 2 - Reconstruction

  • from Part I - The Nineteenth Century
  • Peter Temin
  • Book:
    Never Together
    Published online:
    10 February 2022
    Print publication:
    24 February 2022, pp 54-90

  • Summary

    Reconstruction followed the Civil War and Lincoln’s assassination. Under President Andrew Johnson, presidential reconstruction was favorable to the defeated slaveowners. When Johnson was impeached and then defeated in the polls, Radical Republicans in Congress took over Reconstruction. They were not radical enough to give freedmen 40 acres and a mule, and their efforts to reform Southern state governments were only temporary. President Grant tried to help freedmen, but Republicans transferred their interest from the violent South to the expanding West.

  • Race, Post-Reconstruction Politics, and the Birth of Federal Support for Black Colleges

  • DEONDRA ROSE
  • Journal:
    Journal of Policy History / Volume 34 / Issue 1 / January 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    10 February 2022, pp. 25-59

  • In 1890, Congress passed the Second Morrill Land-Grant Act, which provided federal resources to support the creation of nineteen Black land-grant colleges. At a historical and political moment when Black Americans faced a violently repressive backlash against what progress they had achieved during Reconstruction, the successful passage and implementation of this legislation was unlikely. How did congressional lawmakers successfully pass the Morrill Land-Grant Act of 1890, and was the expansion of educational opportunity for African Americans a clearly expressed objective? Using historical analysis of primary sources, this analysis suggests that the 1890 legislation’s investment in Black colleges reflected a politically expedient compromise between northern Radical Republicans who supported greater educational access for Black citizens and Southern Democrats who wished to expand higher educational opportunity in their region while also maintaining the segregated racial order of southern educational institutions.

  • 2 - Mass Politics in the Civil War Crucible

  • from Part I - The “Party Period”
  • Sidney Tarrow, Cornell University, New York
  • Book:
    Movements and Parties
    Published online:
    17 August 2021
    Print publication:
    26 August 2021, pp 29-49

  • Summary

    The late 19th century emerged in reaction to the exploitative crop-lien system in the South and West and developed using the tools oc ooperative marketing, purchasing, and production. The movement shfited into politicsl with the foundation of the Populist party and the election campaign of Williams Jenning Bryan, when the fusion failed and Populism disappeared as a political movement.