This article, presented as part of a panel on “Community-based preventive and remedial
measures” at a conference on Responses to Female Migration to ISIS, is on ways in which
local communities are able to strengthen social cohesion and prevent growing polarization,
especially in areas where radicalization to violent extremism takes place. The analysis is
based on the Human Security Collective (HSC)’s work in Palestine, Libya, Tunisia and the
Netherlands where we support local communities and the professionals who work with them on
addressing systemic causes that lead to exclusion, alienation and possibly radicalization
leading to violent extremism. We have learnt that approaches to prevent the attraction to
violent extremism networks require methods and processes akin to those developed for
conflict transformation. Some of the characteristics of this approach include the inclusion
of different stakeholders, local ownership in defining problems and seeking solutions, the
building of trusted relationships, the mentoring of young women and men who take on a
peer-model role, and the development of innovative small-scale community activities that can
then be taken up by the wider community. HSC and its partners connect these local community
initiatives to policymakers at municipal, national and international levels. Through the
process of facilitated dialogue we aim to create “safe spaces” where persons from different
backgrounds and with different interests are able to meet and exchange practices and
policies. In this way, policies are validated by lived realities and citizens become aware
of the way that policies that influence local security are developed and executed. This
dialogue leads to a mutual understanding of and improvement in security-related
policies.