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3 results

  • 7 - Policy Actions in an Embedded Polity

  • from Part II - Political Spaces and Policy Actions
  • Adrian Pabst, University of Kent, Canterbury, Roberto Scazzieri, Università degli Studi, Bologna, Italy
  • Book:
    The Constitution of Political Economy
    Published online:
    03 August 2023
    Print publication:
    17 August 2023, pp 187-214

  • Summary

    Both the economy and the polity are embedded in a relational field. This field generates the range of relative positions that individuals and groups take within it while making other positions impossible. The constitutions of the economy and of the polity reflect objective arrangements of positions providing constraints and opportunities for human agency. They may also shape actors to follow specific courses of action rather than others. Certain policy actions may be compatible with the existing economic constitution but not with the existing political constitution, and vice versa. Only policy actions compatible with both the economic and the political constitution can be conducted without changes in either. A constitutional heuristic is needed to assess whether a certain policy is feasible under a given constitutional settlement or not. This chapter focuses on the multi-dimensional and multi-level architecture that policy design should follow in light of the relevant constitutional heuristic. Policy actions are designed and implemented across manifold modes of association in the material sphere and plural modes of collective action in the political sphere. The chapter provides a framework grounded in constitutional heuristic for the analysis of embedded policy measures in the industrial, credit, and international trade fields.

The Constitution of Political Economy
  • Polity, Society and the Commonweal
  • Adrian Pabst, Roberto Scazzieri
  • Published online:
    03 August 2023
    Print publication:
    17 August 2023
  • The two dominant conceptions of political economy are based on either reducing political decisions to rational-choice reasoning or, conversely, reducing economic structures and phenomena to the realm of politics. In this book, Adrian Pabst and Roberto Scazzieri contend that neither conception is convincing and argue for a fundamental rethinking of political economy. Developing a new approach at the interface of economic theory and political thought, the book shows that political economy covers a plurality of dimensions, which reflect internal hierarchies and multiple relationships within the economic and political sphere. The Constitution of Political Economy presents a new, richer conception of political economy that draws on a range of thinkers from the history of political economy, recognising the complex embedding of the economy and the polity in society. Effective policy-making has to reflect this embedding and rests on the interdependence between local, national, and international actors to address multiple systemic crises.

  • Health Impacts of Floods

  • Weiwei Du, Gerard Joseph FitzGerald, Michele Clark, Xiang-Yu Hou
  • Journal:
    Prehospital and Disaster Medicine / Volume 25 / Issue 3 / June 2010
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    28 June 2012, pp. 265-272
    Print publication:
    June 2010
  • Introduction:

    Floods are the most common hazard to cause disasters and have led to extensive morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The impact of floods on the human community is related directly to the location and topography of the area, as well as human demographics and characteristics of the built environment.

    Objectives:

    The aim of this study is to identify the health impacts of disasters and the underlying causes of health impacts associated with floods. A conceptual framework is developed that may assist with the development of a rational and comprehensive approach to prevention, mitigation, and management.

    Methods:

    This study involved an extensive literature review that located >500 references, which were analyzed to identify common themes, findings, and expert views. The findings then were distilled into common themes.

    Results:

    The health impacts of floods are wide ranging, and depend on a number of factors. However, the health impacts of a particular flood are specific to the particular context. The immediate health impacts of floods include drowning, injuries, hypothermia, and animal bites. Health risks also are associated with the evacuation of patients, loss of health workers, and loss of health infrastructure including essential drugs and supplies. In the medium-term, infected wounds, complications of injury, poisoning, poor mental health, communicable diseases, and starvation are indirect effects of flooding. In the long-term, chronic disease, disability, poor mental health, and poverty-related diseases including malnutrition are the potential legacy.

    Conclusions:

    This article proposes a structured approach to the classification of the health impacts of floods and a conceptual framework that demonstrates the relationships between floods and the direct and indirect health consequences.