We here round off a book on biophysical foundations and computational modeling of electric and magnetic signals in the brain. We summarize some key insights from such modeling, and we clear up some common misconceptions about extracellular potentials. We address the main limitations with the standard modeling framework used to compute extracellular potentials, discussing the uncertainty in model parameters and its neglect of ephaptic interactions between active neurons. We identify what we believe are key areas of future applications and give an outlook for future modeling challenges.

This chapter proposes the use of a mathematical approach that helps support the access and diversity goals of higher education institutions while still maintaining academic standards. This approach, called constrained optimization, allows both academic requirements and other factors – race/ethnicity, income level, social status, geographic region, educational background – to be considered during the admissions process. While diversity efforts vary by country and institution, constrained optimization seeks to improve higher education access for particular groups of students. As such, this may be a useful approach for ensuring that the multiple objectives of the admissions process of any country are achieved.