This chapter assesses the record of the KWV under C.W.H. Kohler in the performance of its initial mandate. It addresses minimum pricing, experimentation with innovative ways of disposing of the surplus, efforts to build exports and measures taken to improve quality. A partial return to preferential duties during the Great Depression ironically created more favourable conditions for maximising exports to Britain and the empire. While self-styled quality producers exported wine, the KWV developed a line in fortified wines. The role of A.I. Perold and Frank W. Myburgh in promoting a quality agenda at the KWV is explored. The chapter briefly relates the tale of a tour of France by Myburgh, Andre Simon and Manie Malan in 1932 that captures the optimism of the time. The chapter concludes with a salutary tale of a return to overproduction and low prices at the end of the decade. Although the KWV, which was internally divided, was blamed for a return to crisis conditions, the Wine Commission of 1937 backed away from advocating the return to the status quo ante. Hence, the government of Jan Smuts agreed to the extension of KWV regulatory powers to cover drinking wine in 1940.

The chapter begins with an analysis of the KWV, which mimicked the operations of the state bureaucracy but was formally distinct from it. An anatomy of the KWV regulatory system is provided In order to achieve a better sense of how the interlocking parts worked together. There is a detailed discussion of the documentation that producers were required to supply each year to comply with the quota system. This is followed by an account of minimum pricing and surplus disposal which involved the surrender of distilling wine to the KWV which it used to make brandy. There is also a discussion of the Wine of Origin (WO) system which introduced a system of appellations, and the efforts of the wine merchants to tempt aspiring independent producerrs with the offer of access to marketing channels. This leads to a discussion of the contention over the designation of ’estate wines’ and the rather more successful effort to launch the Stellenbosch Wine Route. Finally, an account is offered of KWV efforts to control access to planting material.