Interventional cardiology procedures (ICPs), while providing important benefits topatients, also contribute to their radiation exposure, in particular for the organssurrounding the heart. This paper addresses the issue of radiation exposure to the lungand bone marrow related to coronary interventions in terms of organ doses for coronaryangiography (CA) and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), and riskassessment of potential radiation-induced cancer. Dosimetric information on 2095 ICPs fromFrench patients was collected. The median lung dose for CA alone was 34 mGy for men and 22mGy for women and the median bone marrow dose was 8 mGy and 4 mGy, respectively; doseswere slightly higher for CA and ad hoc PTCA and nearly twice as high forCA and elective PTCA. Based on the French national mortality registry and BiologicalEffects of Ionising Radiation VII models, spontaneous and radiation-induced lung cancersand leukaemia were estimated. For men and women aged at least 60 years old at the firstICP, excess risk of potentially fatal cancers attributable to radiation ranged from 0.4%to 4%. This study provides evidence of the potential risk of radiation-induced cancerafter an ICP. The limitations of such calculations are due to the difficulty of takinginto account patients’ possibly shorter life expectancy than in the general population,linked to their comorbidities and coronary disease. Nevertheless, risk estimates can beused to illustrate the beneficial role of optimisation of doses delivered to thepatient.