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5 - Seismic Methods to Predict and Detect Geopressure
Nader C. Dutta, Ran Bachrach, Tapan Mukerji, Stanford University, California
Book:

Quantitative Analysis of Geopressure for Geoscientists and Engineers

Published online:

10 February 2021

Print publication:

11 March 2021, pp 218-280
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Summary

Seismic velocity is a very useful tool for pore pressure prediction prior to drilling a well. This chapter identifies various sources of velocity data - checkshot, VSP, well logs, laboratory, and seismic measurements. The goal is to obtain velocity variations in 3D that not only reflect the subsurface structures in depth but also convey the expected range of velocity variations that is compliant with rock physics principles, structural geology, and stratigraphy of formations and geopressure. This chapter discusses various ways to obtain velocity data for pore pressure analysis and points out how to establish a link between seismic traces that are recorded in "space and time" and the "space and depth" that are required by the drilling community. It stresses that the seismic model building step must deal with separating imaging velocity from the velocity that is close to rock velocity.