Cet article s’interroge sur la typologie des obligations internationales et, plus spécialement, la distinction entre les obligations de comportement et de résultat. Considérée comme opposant deux formes d’obligations — de s’efforcer ou de réussir — cette summa divisio est particulièrement utile dans l’examen de la violation du droit international, elle-même condition de l’engagement de la responsabilité internationale. À partir du constat d’une large utilisation dans la jurisprudence de la Cour internationale de Justice, seront interrogés les critères, les conséquences mais aussi les vertus — et limites — de cette catégorisation.

One third of older adults in Canada are foreign-born, yet there is a dearth of literature on this population. When our team set out to engage in a mixed-methods study on the physical activity and mobility of foreign-born older adults (FBOAs), we found limited guidance. The objective of this Research Note is to share the lessons that we learned in implementing a mixed-methods study in five languages, with 49 visible minority FBOAs from diverse ethno-cultural groups. With an emphasis on practical implementation, here we share our reflections on early community engagement, linguistic accessibility and literacy considerations, facilitating communication with the research team, creating a support role for multilingual family members, organisational suggestions, and working with interpreters and monolingual transcribers. The older Canadian population is projected to become increasingly diverse in the coming decades, and it is our hope that this note will further facilitate research in this understudied area.

The arithmetic is interpreted in all the groups of Richard Thompson and Graham Higman, as well as in other groups of piecewise affine permutations of an interval which generalize the groups of Thompson and Higman. In particular, the elementary theories of all these groups are undecidable. Moreover, Thompson's group F and some of its generalizations interpret the arithmetic without parameters.