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1 results

  • Chapter 10 - Management of the Ictal‐Interictal Continuum (IIC)

  • from Part II - Case-Based Approach to Specific Conditions
  • Neville M. Jadeja, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Kyle C. Rossi, University of Massachusetts Medical School
  • Book:
    Critical Care EEG Basics
    Published online:
    22 February 2024
    Print publication:
    29 February 2024, pp 144-159

  • Summary

    This chapter describes the practical aspects of recognizing and managing electrographic patterns that may constitute an ictal–interictal injury continuum (IIIC) using a case-based approach. Plus [+] modifiers include superimposed fast activity (+F), spike/sharp activity (+S), or rhythmic delta activity (+R). If present, these features suggest the pattern is more likely associated with ictal activity. Evolution refers to at least two distinct changes in either frequency, morphology, or location with time and is an electrographic hallmark of seizures. Patterns that do not qualify for definite electrographic seizures but may still contribute to deterioration of neurological function may be referred to the IIIC and should be managed appropriately. Finally, the chapter describes nonictal and stimulus induced patterns.