A focus on the nutrition of women before and during pregnancy was important in establishing the field of the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). Maternal nutrition provided a means by which poor living conditions could be embodied and affect the development of the unborn baby. Historical evidence linking women’s nutrition to the size of the baby at birth was limited, but a plethora of research with laboratory animals ensued, with maternal diets manipulated to determine consequences for the offspring. This was necessary for the scientific acceptance of the theory. However, a narrow view of nutrition and its role in the first 1,000 days has held prominence, with pregnant women provided nutritional advice, behavioural interventions, and marketed products. This obscures the broad scope and implications of the DOHaD theory for health inequalities. We take a feminist science and technology studies (STS) approach to show how hegemonic nutrition and biopolitics pervade DOHaD research and pregnancy care in ways that render invisible the gendered dimensions of precarity, mothering, and food. We argue that both the scientific method and socio-political influences have constrained responses to DOHaD as an issue of social and reproductive justice.