Chapter 7 provides a rationale and description of the main transformation processes in the content and standards for assessment of student learning achievements in Kazakhstan introduced within the Renewed Content of Education. Revision of assessment is a complex process that requires consistency with the socio-cultural context and well-structured communication to achieve its credibility. The presented assessment framework was intended to develop the internal structure and content of assessment based on criteria that could be reflected in improving learning outcomes, reducing disparity and building a sustainable culture of interaction based on transparent assessment mechanisms. As with any system, the assessment system depended on the integrity of its consideration and the interrelatedness of teachers’ actions in each classroom. Despite facing a problem of implementation complexity in the initial stages, the teaching community coped with the rethinking of the traditional approach and showed a willingness to develop its own methodological potential in assessment, which made it possible to expand the understanding and involvement of students, parents, politicians and society.