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  • 18 - Taxation and Tribute

  • from Part III - Structures and Processes
  • Edited by Sitta von Reden, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Companion to the Ancient Greek Economy
    Published online:
    21 July 2022
    Print publication:
    04 August 2022, pp 264-278

  • Summary

    This chapter reviews the evidence from the Greek world for tribute and taxation. It begins with some comparative considerations about tributary regimes and the impact of Achaemenid imperialism on the fiscal development of the Greek city-states, including the Delian League and the Hellenistic kingdoms. The transition from tribute to taxation is cast as a significant indicator of state formation. A fundamental theme in ancient Greek taxation is the relationship between coercion and consent, especially how political institutions facilitate the sharing of communal burdens by the rich. Extraordinary levies on property and persons were a common feature of city-states, which Macedon and the Hellenistic kingdoms also adopted. Finally, the chapter treats indirect taxes, which are thought to provide a much larger and more regular portion of state revenue in the Greek world.