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2 results

  • 2 - The International Crime

  • from Part I - Subjectivity and Sociality in Contemporary International Criminal Law
  • Kirsten Campbell, University of London
  • Book:
    The Justice of Humans
    Published online:
    08 December 2022
    Print publication:
    22 December 2022, pp 29-64

  • Summary

    This chapter examines the first fundamental legal concept of international criminal law, the international crime, and the ideas of persons and of social relations that it expresses. The legal category of international crime determines legally defined socially injurious conduct under international law. The chapter examines the construction of this legal category by tracing the modern criminalisation of conflict-related sexual violence under international law. It then sets out international crimes of sexual violence under customary international law and examines current definitions of sexual violence offences. It analyses how sexual violence as an international crime expresses the concept of the injured person and the ‘injured public interest’ of ‘international society’ in the new legal category of the international crime. The chapter shows that sexual violence offences criminalise injury to the bodily, personal, and sexual integrity of the individual and violation of positive law and universal values of ‘international society’. However, they also reveal a set of unresolved doctrinal and conceptual problems in the legal category. These include the grounds of criminalisation, gender-based or gender-neutral offences, the sexual or violent nature of the crime, and the connection of sexual violence to illegal international violence.

  • 20 - The View from Here

  • from Part III - Women Writers In-Between: Socialist, Modern, Developmentalists, and Liberal Democratic Ideals
  • Edited by Ileana Rodríguez, Ohio State University, Mónica Szurmuk
  • Book:
    The Cambridge History of Latin American Women's Literature
    Published online:
    05 November 2015
    Print publication:
    12 November 2015, pp 341-363

  • Summary

    Changes in reading practices, fostered by feminist movements pushing to diversify the canon, have led to the rediscovery and reevaluation of the work of many women writers. The literary tradition and established social norms served to influence readers and their decisions either to accept or to reject certain discursive forms. The tone was set by the most obvious features of social realism, inevitably linked to the armed conflict that began in 1910 and remained very much alive in the memory of artists and their public. This chapter focuses on two cases: Nellie Campobello and Maria Luisa Ocampo Heredia. The tragedy of the removal, disappearance, and subsequent discovery of the remains of Campobello many years after her death attracted a great deal of media attention and led to a renewed interest in the writer and her work. The social inequalities associated with gender are a constant presence in the narrative of Ocampo and with even greater force than in her plays.